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Sinusitis, Rhinitis, and Epistaxis (El Rassi+Brooks)

Terms in this set (32)

over $20 billion
what is the total annual cost to society for sinusitis?
acute sinusitis
What condition does this describe?
Purulent rhinorrhea accompanied by:
Nasal obstruction/congestion
Facial pain/pressure
Symptom duration < 4 weeks
acute sinusitis
What condition is this?
Patient presents with pain in forehead and this is what you see when you look in the patient's nose
rhinitis
What condition is this?
allergic, vasomotor, gustatory, irritation. medication, hormonal
what are the different kinds of rhinitis?
symptoms haven't improved by day 10, double worsening
when should acute bacterial sinusitis be treated with antibiotics?
strep pneumoniae, h influenza, moraxella catarrhalis, staph aureus
what are the most common bacterial organisms that cause sinusitis?
purulent rhinorrhea
what symptom is the key to diagnosing sinusitis?
chronic inflammation within the paranasal sinuses
what is chronic sinusitis?
mucosal dryness/irritation, recent surgery, trauma, tumor
what are the common causes of epistaxis?
hypertension and coagulopathy
what factors contribute to the severity of epistaxis?
digital pressure, vasoconstrictive agents, targeted cautery or application of thrombolytic materials, nasal packing
what are the treatments for epistaxis?
endoscopic sphenopalatine artery ligation (ESPAL)
what is the procedure of choice for the surgical management of epistaxis?
headache, facial, pain, paresthesia, groin hematoma/pain, visual loss, neurological deficits, facial paralysis, soft tissue necrosis, stroke
what are the risks of embolization?
patients with a tumor, suspected vascular abnormality, bleeding diathesis, or those medically unfit for GETA
in which patients should embolization be considered over ESPAL?
rhinitis
an inflammatory condition that affects the nasal mucosa
allergic rhinitis
what condition is caused by inflammation of the nasal mucous membranes caused by an IgE-mediated reaction to one or more allergens? This is a type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
allergic rhinitis
what is the most common cause of chronic nasal congestion in children?
seasonal
What kind of allergic rhinitis is characterized by:
Increased during certain seasons
Trees, grass, weed
Sneezing, watery rhinorrhea, itching, red/watery eyes & nasal congestions
perennial
What kind of allergic rhinitis is caused by:
Constant, little seasonal variation
Indoor inhalants, food allergens
Nasal congestion/blockage & postnasal drip
rhinorrhea, sneezing, congestion, itchy nose, red itchy watery eyes, malaise, frontal headache or pressure
what are the symptoms of allergic rhinitis?
allergic rhinitis
What condition is characterized by:
Clear, watery nasal discharge
Nasal congestion
Nasal speech
Pale bluish, edematous, boggy turbinates
Conjunctival injection
Clear, watery ocular discharge
allergic rhinitis
what condition is this?
allergic nasal salute, allergic rhinitis
what is this called? what is it a sign of?
allergic shiners, allergic rhinitis
what is this called? what is it a sign of?
cobblestoning, allergic rhinitis
what is this condition of the posterior pharynx called? what is it a sign of?
rhinovirus, parainfluenza, influenza, RSV, adenovirus, enterovirus
what are the common viral causes of rhinitis? list the most common first
congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing, headache, malaise, body aches, cough
what are the symptoms of viral rhinitis?
temp change, environmental causes, alcohol, medicines, spicy foods, psychological triggers, endocrine/hormonal conditions
what are the triggers for vasomotor rhinitis?
congestion, clear rhinorrhea, post-nasal drainage, clear and thin watery rhinorrhea, swollen turbinates
what are the symptoms for vasomotor rhinitis
rhinitis medicamentosa
Rebound congestion that occurs with topical nasal decongestant abuse
rise in estrogen and hyaluronic acid in nasal tissue
what is the reason for rhinitis in pregnancy?
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