Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

CPCE (Human Growth & Development)

Terms in this set (68)

How many stages of Development did Erik Erikson create?
Eight Stages
According to Erikson each stages involves what
A psychosocial crisis which must be resolved before the person can successfully move on to the next stage.
What is the first stage of Erikson's development
Infancy (Trust vs. Mistrust) birth to 1 or 1 1/2 yrs old
What is the second stage of Erikson's development
Toddler (Autonomy vs. Shame) 1 to 2 yrs old
What is the Third stage of Erikson's development
Preschooler (Initiative vs. Guilt) 2 to 6 yrs old
What is the fourth stage of Erikson's development
School Age (Industry vs Inferiority) 6 to 12 yrs old
What is the fifth stage of Erikson's development
adolescence (Identity vs. Diffusion) from 12 (or puberty) to 18 yrs old
What is the sixth stage of Erikson's development
Young Adulthood (Intimacy vs. Isolation) 19 to 40 yrs old
What is the seventh stage of Erikson's development
Middle Adulthood (Generativity vs. Self-absorption) 40 to 65 yrs old
What is the eighth stage of Erikson's development
Late Adulthood (Integrity vs. Despair) from 65 to death
Which Erikson stage is the psychosocial crisis Hope in?
Infancy (Trust vs. Mistrust)
Which Erikson stage is the psychosocial crisis Will in?
Will (Autonomy vs. shame)
Which Erikson stage is the psychosocial crisis Purpose in?
Preschooler (Initiative vs. Guilt)
Which Erikson stage is the psychosocial crisis Competence in?
School Age (Industry vs. Inferiority)
Which Erikson stage is the psychosocial crisis Fidelity in?
Adolescence (Identity vs. Diffusion)
Which Erikson stage is the psychosocial crisis Love in?
Young Adulthood (Intimacy vs. Isolation)
Which Erikson stage is the psychosocial crisis Care in?
Middle Adulthood (Generativity vs. Self-absorption)
Which Erikson stage is the psychosocial crisis Wisdom in?
Late Adulthood (Integrity vs. Despair)
According to the Psychoanalytic theory all humans have instincts to satisfy their need for?
Food, Shelter, and warmth
According to the Psychoanalytic theory what are the two basic drives ?
sex and aggression or life and death
Freud divided human development into how many stages?
Five stages
What is the first stage of Freud Human Development?
Oral (birth to 18 months)
What is the second stage of Freud Human Development?
Anal (2 to 3 yrs)
What is the third stage of Freud Human Development?
Phallic (3 to 5 yrs)
What is the fourth stage of Freud Human Development?
Latency (6 yrs to puberty)
What is the fifth stage of Freud Human Development?
Genital (puberty to adulthood)
What did Freud call incomplete development of any stage?
Fixation
What does Freud believe the child focuses on in these stages?
Different areas of the body in each stage
According to Piaget, schemas are
both categories of knowledge and the process by which the knowledge is obtained.
According to Piaget assimilation is
the adding of new information to existing schemas
According to Piaget accommodation is
changing existing schemas to fit new information and experiences
According to Piaget equilibration is
the balance between assimilation and accommodation
Piaget's stages of Cognitive development has how many stages?
4 stages
What is the first stage of Piaget's Cognitive development?
Sensorimotor (birth to 2 yrs)
What is the second stage of Piaget's Cognitive development?
preoperational ( 2 to 7 yrs)
What is the third stage of Piaget's Cognitive development?
concrete operational (7 to 11 yrs)
What is the fourth stage of Piaget's Cognitive development?
formal operational (11 or 12 yrs adulthood)
Which one of Piaget's stages the child develops the capability of logical though, deductive reasoning and systematic planning?
Formal Operational
Which one of Piaget's stages the child begins to think logically but still has trouble with abstract concepts?
Concrete operational
Which one of Piaget's stages the language develops and the child is egocentric?
Preoperational
Which one of Piaget's stages the child learns about himself and his environment through sensory perceptions and motor activities?
Sensorimotor
Who created the 3 levels of Moral Development with 2 stages within each level?
Lawrence Kohlberg's
Which morality level is the period in which a child is influenced by reward and punishment?
The Preconventional morality level
Which morality level is the period during adolescence when the person strives to meet standards set by the family and society?
The Conventional morality level
which morality level is the period of self-accepted principles?
The Postconventional morality level
At what stage is the moral development does universal principles, the person has a concern for justice and its impartial application to everyone?
Stage 6 (the postconventional morality level)
At what stage is the moral development does social contract and individual rights, the person begins to think about what makes a good society and what any society should value?
Stage 5 (postconventional morality level)
At what stage in moral development does maintaining the social order, the personal becomes more concerned with society as a whole?
Stage 4 (conventional morality level)
At what stage in moral development does good interpersonal relationships, During this period the personal is motivated by such feelings as love, empathy and concern for others?
Stage 3 (conventional morality level)
At what stage of moral development does individualism and exchange, the child begins to perceive that there is not just one right way?
Stage 2 (preconventional morality level)
At what stage of moral development does obedience and punishment orientation, the child sees authority as handing down the rules on right and wrong?
Stage 1 (preconventional morality level)
According to Freud which complex occurs in boys during the phallic stage of development usually between the ages of three and five?
The Oedipus complex
According to Freud which complex occurs in girls during the phallic stage of development usually between the ages of three and five?
The Electra complex
What is the Oedipus and Electra complex?
The complex involves the child's usually subconscious sexual feelings toward the parent of the opposite sex. The feelings include jealously of the same-sex parent and may include a desire for the death of that parent.
What does Freud say is successful resolution of the Oedipus and Electra complex?
Resolution is achieved when the child identifies with the parent of the same sex and internalizes the parental values. The process ends in the development of the conscience or superego.
Who believes that bonding with an adult before the age of three is vital if a person is to lead a normal social life?
John Bowlby
What does Bowlby believe causes abnormal behavior or psychopathology?
The lack of bonding or bond that is severed during infancy.
What does Bowlby believe the role of the role of the mother and father in theories on attachment and bonding?
The mother should be the primary caregiver and the father should be the role of the emotional supporter of the mother.
Whos work with monkeys lead them to believe attachment to be an innate tendency?
Harry Harlow
Define imprinting as believed by Konrad Lorenz.
An instinct in which a newborn will follow a moving object.
What is the critical period as defined by Konrad Lorenz?
The concept that certain behaviors must be learned at a specific stages of development or they many not be learned at all.
What are the four categories of human development?
Learning, cognitive, psychoanalytic, and humanistic.
Which human development category includes behavioral, social learning and information-processing theories?
Learning
Which human development category is concerned with obtaining, knowledge?
Cognitive
Which human development category is the method of investigating psychological phenomena developed by Freud?
Psychoanalytic
Which human development category explains development through reasoning and the scientific method?
Humanistic
Human growth and development changes are viewed as?
Qualitative
What is Qualitative as it relates to human growth and development?
involves a change in structure such as sexual development
Other Quizlet sets