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Earth Science Past Quizzes

Terms in this set (123)

Imagine that you and your research team have measured earthquakes that have occurred at your study site. You find that the earthquake depths extend from near the earth's surface to almost 700 km depth. You conclude that you have found a (an) _________.
Fill in the blank with one of the following:
convergent boundary || divergent boundary || transform boundary || subduction zone || passive margin || continent-continent collision || hotspot || plate interior || continental plate interior || oceanic plate interior
subduction zone
Heat moves through the mantle by ________.
You Answered
convection, which results from thermal expansion of the deep mantle rocks and hence an increase in their buoyancy
Why is oceanic crust generally less than 200 million years old?
Because oceanic crust older than 200 ma is too dense to remain on top of the mantle.
The plate tectonic setting east coast of the United States is a (an) ___________.
Fill in the blank with one of the following:
convergent boundary || divergent boundary || transform boundary || subduction zone || passive margin || continent-continent collision || hotspot || plate interior || continental plate interior || oceanic plate interior
passive margin
Most of the pulling force driving plate motion is produced at ________.
Fill in the blank with one of the following:
convergent boundary || divergent boundary || transform boundary || subduction zone || passive margin || continent-continent collision || hotspot || plate interior || continental plate interior || oceanic plate interior
subduction zone
The plate tectonic setting of the San Andreas fault in California is a (an) _______.
Fill in the blank with one of the following:
convergent boundary || divergent boundary || transform boundary || subduction zone || passive margin || continent-continent collision || hotspot || plate interior || continental plate interior || oceanic plate interior
transform boundary
A property of rocks that enhances mantle convection is _________.
that a 1 percent expansion requires an increase of 300-400ºC and leads to a 1 percent decrease in density
In science, models and/or theories ________.
are proven to be true or false based on measurements, observations, and/or the results of experiments
In the mid-1960s, the discovery of ___________ demonstrated conclusively that the earth's oceanic crust was capable of moving thousands of kilometers.
Fill in the blank with one of the following:
convergent boundary || divergent boundary || transform boundary || subduction zone || passive margin || continent-continent collision || hotspot || plate interior || continental plate interior || oceanic plate interior
subduction zone
Marine magnetic anomaly stripes are oriented parallel to each other and are located in oceanic crust. They are observations supporting the identification of a (an) ________.
Fill in the blank with one of the following:
convergent boundary || divergent boundary || transform boundary || subduction zone || passive margin || continent-continent collision || hotspot || plate interior || continental plate interior || oceanic plate interior
divergent boundary
As compared to the density of the mantle, the oceanic crust is ________.
initially less dense when it is formed, after formation it eventually becomes more dense
The age of the ocean floor ________.
becomes progressively older when the observer is moving away from any mid-ocean ridge
Summed over the entire Earth ________ .
the rates of lithospheric consumption at subduction zones and production at mid ocean ridges are equal
The formation of the earth resulted in ________. Three of the following seven answers are correct. Select only three.
Correct Answer
a planetary interior initially heated by kinetic energy

a collection of radioactive elements that decay keeping the interior hot

an interior made up of three chemically distinct layers
Of the following, which are factors that contribute to the earth's continental topography and oceanic bathymetry? That is, which factors facilitate the continental topography being located at about 0 km to 1 km above sea level where as most oceanic bathymetry is about 4 km to 5 km below sea level? Five of the following ten answers are correct. Select only five.
continental crust is composed of granite

Oceanic crust is composed of basalt

the mantle is higher density than most of the crust

the mantle is ductile

continental crust is more buoyant than oceanic crust
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