Which of the following human activities is known to cause earthquakes?dam constructionWhich of the following is the correct sequence for the four stages of an earthquake cycle?inactivity, accumulated strain, foreshock, mainshockWhich of the following is a primary effect of an earthquake?surface ruptureStudy the pictures above carefully and determine the distance to the epicenter of this earthquake3500 kmStudy the picture below carefully and determine the Richter magnitude (ML) of this earthquake5Most earthquakes occur along the Mid-Atlantic ridge, Alpine belt and Circum-Pacific beltTrueMovement of tectonic plates does not cause earthquakesFalseSeismologists use seismographs to measure seismic activityTrueWhich of the following scales of magnitude is the most prefered by seismologists?Moment magnitude scaleEarthquakes can generate tsunamisTrueSilica-rich magmas are noted for their high viscosity, which results in slow moving lava flows and highly explosive eruptions.TrueVolcanic calderas, which are dozens of kilometres across and produced by very rare, large eruptions are referred to as super volcanoesTrueSome suburbs of Seattle, Washington are built on ancient mudflow deposits from Mt. Rainier.TrueLahars are avalanches of hot gas, ash and volcanic rock fragments that flow down slopes during eruptionsFalseThe two primary volcanic gases arecarbon dioxide and water vaporWhich of the following will determine if a volcanic eruption is explosive or quiet?the chemical composition of the magma
the dissolved gas content
the temperature at eruption
the viscosity of the magmaLava that solidifies with a smooth ropy surface is calledpahoehoe.Which type of volcano is most common around the Pacific Rim?stratovolcanoWhich of the following eruptions had the highest Volcanic Explosivity Index?Yellowstone caldera, 600,000 years agoHow can studying the geologic history of a volcano help most in eruption forecasting?mapping previous volcanic deposits from a volcano is helpful for developing hazard maps for use in land-use planning and disaster preparedness.Eruption under glacial ice produces outbursts of water from the glacier calledjokulhlaupsPeople in the state of Delaware can be threatened by the following eruption products from My St Helens.ash cloudIn 1986, Lake Nyos, a crater lake in the Cameroon highlands West Africa, erupted a cloud of which gas that killed over 1700 people.carbon dioxideWhich of the following is not useful in monitoring impending danger from a volcano?seismic studies
changes in the volcanoes magnetic field
changes in the electrical resistivity
magma chamber modelingVolcanic hazard and risk assessment requires:knowledge of the nature and magnitude of the anticipated event
knowing the likely location of the event
comparison of the anticipated event with human factorsThe Kilauea volcano in Hawaii is not a hotspot volcanoFalseA hotspot is a thermal plume that erupts in a fixed position as the plate moves over it, forming a chain of volcanic islandsTrueThe lava from the Kilauea volcano flows fast, giving residents of Hawaii less time to evacuate during an eruptionFalseThe Kilauea volcano has been erupting almost continuously since 1983TrueThe lava from the Kilauea volcano destroys houses and cause people to evacuateTrueEarthquake Energyradiates outward from the focus in all directionsStudy the pictures below shown carefully and determine the distance to the epicenter of this earthquake3500 kmOn the moment magnitude scale, earthquake magnitude is determined by the intensity of shakingFalseWhat is the Richter magnitude (MI) of this earthquake?5The ground motion from a magnitude 6 earthquake is approximately10 times as much ground motion from a magnitude 5 earthquakea great earthquake is onewith a magnitude 8 and greaterWhich of the following is a primary effect of an earthquake?Surface RuptureThe New Madrid Earthquakes are examples ofintraplate earthquakeAt present, an earthquake warning system could provide up to a one minute warning to regions far enough away from the epicenter of an earthquake. Such a warning system is based on the difference betweenRadio wave and seismic wave velocitiesa seismic gap isa segment along an active fault that has not experienced seismic activity recentlyThe most abundant elements in magma/lava aresilicon and oxygenWhich of the following will determine if a volcanic eruption is explosive or quite?the chemical composition of the magma
the dissolved gas content
the temperature at eruption
the viscosity of the magmaThe two primary volcanic gases arecarbon dioxide and water vaporLava that solidifies with a smooth ropey surface is calledpahoehoeThe eruption of which type of volcano has the greatest potential to cause loss of life?stratovolcanoWhich type of volcano have very gentle slopes?shield volcanoWhich type of volcano will cause the most destruction on a landscape?shield volcanoThe state of Kansas can be threatened by ashfall from an eruption of the Long Valley Caldera in CaliforniaTrueWhich of the following eruptions listed below had the highest volcanic explosive index?Yellowstone caldera, 600,000 yearsThe sulfur dioxide released by the La Soufriere volcanoSpread to the east over the African continentIn 1986, Lake Nyos, a crater lake in the Cameroon highlands of West Africa, erupted a cloud of which gas that killed over 1700 people?carbon dioxideLahars are avalanches of hot gas, ash, and volcanic rock fragments that flow down slopes during eruptionsfalseEruptions under glacial ice produces outbursts of water from the glacier called?JokaulhlaupsPeople in the state of Delaware can be threatened by the following eruption products from Mt St Helensash cloudWhich of the following is an indicator or secondary hazard associated with a volcanic eruption?laharWhich of the following is usually the first sign of impeding eruption of a volcano?small earthquakesSome suburbs of Takoma, Washington are built on ancient lahar deposits from Mt. RainierTrueTsunami waves differ from wind-driven waves becausetheir amplitude is small in deep water, but becomes larger in shallow regions
