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Nutrition 2360 exam 2 answers

Terms in this set (50)

Three important monosaccharides are:
A. sucrose, fructose, and glycogen.
B. fructose, glucose, and galactose.
C. ribose, maltose, raffinose
D. lactose, fructose, and glucose.
E. maltose, sucralose, and lactose.

B is the answer
Galactose and fructose are converted to _____ in the liver.
A. Polysaccharides
B. Amylopectin
C. Glucose
D. Sucrose

C is the answer
After digestion and absorption, dietary carbohydrates may be ________.
A. used for energy
B. converted to glycogen and stored in liver and muscle tissue
C. synthesized into fat
D. All of these choices are correct.

D is the answer
The sugar found in our blood that is the most common monosaccharide is:
A. maltose
B. fructose
C. galactose
D. glucose
E. sucrose

D is the answer
Galactose and fructose are converted to _____ in the liver
A. glucose
B. polysaccharides
C. amylopectin
D. glycogen
E. sucrose

A is the answer
Digestible carbohydrates are important for blood glucose control and heart health because:
A. They slow glucose absorption and inhibit cholesterol absorption from the diet
B. They increase glucose and cholesterol absorption from the diet
C. They absorb water and expand the GI tract which carries more glucose to the large intestine
D. They are nutrient dense resulting in weight loss
E. They inhibit depositing of glucose and cholesterol in the vasculature

A is the answer
Organize these forms of glucose molecules from least branched to most branched.
A. amylose, amylopectin, glycogen
B. amylopectin, glycogen, amylose
C. glycogen, amylose, amylopectin
D. amylopectin, amylose, glycogen
E. glycogen, amylopectin, amylose

A is the answer
The principal function of dietary carbohydrate is to provide ________.
A. bulk in the diet
B. structural material
C. sweetness in foods
D. energy

D is the answer
If no glucose is available from dietary carbohydrate, glucose in the blood may first be derived from ________.
A. muscle glycogen and liver glycogen
B. triglyceride breakdown
C. muscle protein and fatty acids
D. sugar alcohols

A is the answer
Changes in blood glucose levels will typically result in the following scenario:
A. Blood glucose levels that fall too low signal the release of insulin.
B. Blood glucose levels that fall too low signal the release of glucagon.
C. Blood glucose levels that rise too high signal the release of glycogen.
D. Blood glucose levels that rise too high signal the release of epinephrine.

B is the answer
Why is excess sugar consumption discouraged?
A. It may cause dental caries.
B. It may cause weight gain.
C. It generally lacks dietary fiber.
D. All of these choices are correct.

D is the answer
All of the following are true about non-nutritive sweeteners except _________.
A. Provide no energy
B. May be helpful for those with diabetes
C. May be helpful for those trying to lose weight
D. Promote dental caries

D is the answer
Carbohydrates in our diet should include mostly:
A. Starches and simple sugars
B. Little simple sugars and more fiber rich foods
C. Fiber and glycogen
D. Glycogen and disaccharides

B is the answer
When increasing fiber intake, always ________.
A. take a fiber supplement
B. increase fluids
C. use simple carbohydrates
D. increase protein intake also

B is the answer
A lack of responsiveness by cells to insulin signaling is associated with _________:
A. Type 1 Diabetes
B. Type 2 Diabetes
C. Hypoglycemia
D. Low carbohydrate diet

B is the answer
Maltose is made up of _____ + ________
A. glucose, galactose
B. maltase, glucose
C. glucose, glucose
D. galactose, fructose

C is the answer
Ketosis may result from ________.
A. starvation
B. a diet of less than 50-100 grams of carbohydrate per day
C. untreated diabetes mellitus
D. All of these choices are correct.

D is the answer
An increased fiber intake within recommended guidelines may ________.
A. slow glucose absorption
B. lower blood lipid levels
C. prevent constipation
D. All of these choices are correct.

D is the answer
The action of maltase will form:
A. glucose + galactose
B. glucose + fructose
C. glucose + glucose
D. sucrose + lactose

C is the answer
The human brain and other nerve tissues use mostly _________________ as fuel.
A. fructose
B. protein
C. ethanol
D. glucose

D is the answer
Weight loss maintenance is best achieved by including:
A. A higher carbohydrate and lower fat diet
B. Consistent lifestyle change
C. Regular physical activity
D. Eating breakfast
E. all of the above

E is the answer
The initial rapid weight loss that is seen in restricted carbohydrate diets is due to:
A. Protein catabolism used for gluconeogenesis
B. Fat loss and protein losses due to lower calorie intake
C. Water loss as glycogen stores are depleted
D. Fat loss from adipose tissue
E. none of the above

C is the answer
The hormone leptin, secreted by fat cells, is an adaptive mechanism used to help control:
A. Long term satiety
B. Short term satiety
C. Basal metabolic rate
D. Body fat percentage
E. Blood glucose levels

A is the answer
This eating disorder has an average recovery of 7 years requires a multidisciplinary team.
A. Bulimia nervosa
B. Anorexia nervosa
C. Both Bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder
D. Binge eating disorder
E. Binge purge cycle

B is the answer
Approximately how many calories are calculated to be in one pound of fat?
A. 2500
B. 3500
C. 4500
D. 5500

B is the answer
The three primary uses of for energy are:
A. Thermic effect of food, basal metabolism, physical activity
B. Basal metabolism, thermogenesis, physical activity
C. Thermogenesis, thermic effect of food, maintaining body temperature
D. Basal metabolism, nervous system activity, thermic effect of food
E. none of the above

A is the answer
The minimum energy required to keep the body alive at rest and fasting is known as:
A. Resting metabolic rate
B. Thermogenesis
C. Basal metabolic rate
D. Negative energy balance
E. Energy equilibrium

C is the answer
When energy intake is greater than energy output, body weight generally ________.
A. remains the same
B. increases
C. decreases
D. None of these choices are correct.

C is the answer
All of the following are true about Body Mass Index except:
A. It applies to both men and women
B. It is a weight for height measurement
C. It is appropriate for all life stages and ages
D. It is a convenient tool to help assess body composition
E. It is not a sufficient tool for to predict health and risk of death

C is the answer
All of the following are true about abdominal obesity except:
A. Related to Type II Diabetes
B. Seen more commonly in males
C. Seen with higher levels of alcohol intake
D. Related to hypertension
E. More common in the elderly

E is the answer
Repeated self-induced vomiting may cause ________.
A. tears in the esophagus
B. stomach ulcers
C. electrolyte imbalances
D. tooth demineralization
E. All of these choices are correct.

E is the answer
The semi-starvation of anorexia nervosa results in many physiological changes, such as ________.
A. decreased basal metabolism
B. lanugo
C. iron-deficiency anemia
D. dry, scaly, cold skin
E. All of these choices are accurate.

E is the answer
Collecting expired air and using it to measure a person's energy expenditure is an example of
A. Direct calorimetry
B. Indirect calorimetry
C. DEXA scan
D. BMI
E. Bod pod

B is the answer
Why might a fad diet fail?
A. Not sustainable
B. Quick fixes are unreliable
C. Built on gimmicks
D. All of the above

D is the answer
Which of the following are factors to consider when assessing body composition?
A. Genes
B. Behavior
C. The environment
D. All of the above

D is the answer
All of the following are tools to measure body fat except:
A. BodPod
B. Underwater weighing
C. DEXA scan
D. Adaptive thermogenesis

D is the answer
Anorexic individuals have trouble maintaining normal body temperature because of ________.
A. loss of body fat as insulation
B. lack of appropriate clothing as the person tries to show off his/her extreme thinness
C. increased synthesis of the thyroid hormone
D. wearing baggy clothes

A is the answer
A sound program for weight reduction should include ________.
A. control of total energy intake
B. increased physical activity
C. modification of food habits
D. All of these choices are correct.

D is the answer
Which of the following represents a BMI range considered to be healthy for most adult men and women?
A. 10-14
B. 15-18
C. 19-24
D. 25-30

C is the answer
Which of the following techniques for measuring body composition makes use of small exposures to radiation?
A. MRI
B. DEXA
C. TOBEC
D. BIA

B is the answer
A fad diet for weight loss ________.
A. can result in quick weight loss
B. usually fails because habits are not changed
C. increases risk for disordered eating, yo-yo dieting, and weight cycling
D. All of these choices are correct.

D is the answer
What is the BMI of a woman who is 4 feet 11 inches (1.50m) tall and weighs 150 lbs (68.2 kg)? What BMI classification does this individual fall into?
A. 30.4, Obese
B. 30.4, Overweight
C. 25.6, Normal
D. 25.6, Overweight

A is the answer
The most common lipid found in food and in the body is:
A. cholesterol
B. triglycerides
C. phospholipids
D. eicosanoids
E. bile

B is the answer
Unsaturated fatty acids contain ___ double bond(s) and are _____ at room temperature.
A. At least one, liquid
B. At least one, solid
C. One, solid
D. No, solid
E. No, liquid

A is the answer
All of the following are ways in which fatty acids can differ from one another except:
A. number of double bonds
B. average number of calories
C. degree of saturation
D. chain length

B is the answer
Long chain fatty acids contain more than ________ number of carbons in their hydrocarbon chain.
A. 6
B. 30
C. 12
D. 100

C is the answer
Margarine is usually made by a process called ________, in which hydrogen atoms are added to double covalent bonds in the polyunsaturated fatty acids found in vegetable oils.
A. saturation
B. isomerization
C. esterification
D. hydrogenation

D is the answer
Trans fatty acids are now considered more atherogenic than saturated fatty acids because they ________.
A. are unnatural and only form during fat processing
B. cause excessive blood clotting
C. elevate LDL levels, while decreasing HDL
D. cause sudden cardiac arrest in post-menopausal women

C is the answer
Fat digestion begins in the ________.
A. intestines
B. stomach
C. mouth
D. liver

C is the answer
Which lipoprotein is responsible for transporting cholesterol from the liver to tissues?
A. chylomicron
B. low-density lipoprotein (LDL)
C. high-density lipoprotein (HDL)
D. chylomicron remnant

B is the answer
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