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21ST CENTURY LIT.

Terms in this set (132)

Literature is means of reassembling reality.
Recreation
4Rs of Literature
Recreation, Recognition, Redemption, Revelation
We want to see what we cannot see in reality.
Recreation
Literature helps us recognize the people and their contributions.
Recognition
Literature is a means of recording history
Revelation
Literature is a means of modification of behavior
Redemption
It reveals the past, the present, and the future
Revelation
Prose comes from the latin expression, Prosa Oratio meaning?
Means Straightforward or Direct speech
A drama in prose form. It consists entirely dialogues in prose, and is meant to be act on stage.
Prose Drama
Essay (PROSE) A short literary composition which is expository in nature. The author shares his thoughts feelings, experiences, or observations on some aspects of life that has interested him.
Essay (PROSE)
Something invented, imagined, or feigned to be true
Prose Fiction
a long fiction narrative with a complicated plot. It may have one main plot and one or more sub plots that develop with the main plot. It is made up of chapters
Novel
a fictitious narrative compressed into one unit of time, place and action. It deals with single character interest, a single emotion or series of emotions called forth by a single. It is distinguished from the novel by its compression.
Short Story (PROSE)
a story of a certain person's life written by another who knows the subject well
Biography
Autobiography a written account of man's life written by himself
Autobiography
a written message which displays aspects of an author's physiological make-up not immediately apparent in his more public writings. It is a prose form which by the force of its style and the importance of its statements becomes an object of interest in its own right.
Letter
a daily written record of account of the writer's own experiences, thoughts, activities or observations
Diary
is an art form in which human language is used for its aesthetic qualities in addition to, or instead of, its notional and semantic content. It consists largely of oral or literary works in which language is used in a manner that is felt by its user and audience to differ from ordinary prose.
Poetry
a poem that tells a story
Narrative Poetry
a long narrative poem of the largest proportions. Epic is a tale mainly about a hero concerning the beginning, continuance, and the end of events of great significance on tribal or national significance
Epic
- a narrative poem that tells a story of adventure, love and chivalry. The Typical hero is a knight on a quest.
Metrical Poem
a narrative poem consisting usually a single series connective events that are simple, and generally do not form a plot. Examples of these are simple idylls or home tales, love tales, tales of the supernatural or tales written for a strong moral purpose in verse form
Metrical Tale
the simplest type of narrative poetry. It is s short narrative poem telling a single incident in simple meter and stanzas. It is meant to be sung.
Ballad
a ballad of wide workman ship telling some simple incidents of adventure, cruelty, passion, or superstition, an incident that shows the primary instincts of man influenced by the restraint of modern civilization.
Popular ballad
created by poet in imitation of the folk ballad, makes use of many of its devices and conventions
Modern or artistic
an extended narrative that carries a second meaning along worth the surface story
Metrical Allegory
a poem that is very personal in nature. It expresses the author's own thoughts, feelings, moods and reflections in musical language. It derived its name from the musical instrument, the lyre
Lyric Poetry
a lyric poem of some length, serious in subject and dignified in style. It is most majestic of the lyric poems. It is written in a spirit of praise of some persons or things
Ode
a poem written on the death of a friend of the poet. The ostensible purpose is to praise the friend. But in the end of the poem, however, we can expect that poet will have come to terms with his grief
Elegy
a lyric poem in a regular metrical pattern set to music. These have twelve syllables and slowly sung to the accompaniment of a guitar or banduria.
Song
a lyric poem containing four iambic pentameter lines, and a complicated rhyme
Sonnet
battle of wits among participants. These are effective ways to inculcate the ability of logical thinking of a child.
a. Riddles (bugtong)
wise saying that contain a metaphor used to teach as a food for thought.
b. Proverbs (salawikain)
Filipino version of Japanese's Haiku; a mono-riming heptasyllabic quatrain expressing insights and lessons on life is ―more emotionally charged than the terse proverb and thus has affinities with the folk lyric‖
c. Tanaga
Used in witchcrafts and enchantments usually by the old to impart experiences, or by the community in tribal ceremony
chants/bulong
a form of fold lyric which expresses the hopes and aspirations, the people's lifestyles as well as their loves. These are often repetitive and sonorous, didactic and naïve
Folk Songs
lullaby
Hele or oyayi
7-syllable per line oen that are about human relationships and social entertainment
Ambahan (Mangyan)
work songs that depict the livelihood of the people
Kalusan (Ivatan)
drinking song
Tagay (Cebuano and Waray)
explain how the world was created, how certain animals possess certain characteristics, why some places have waterfalls, volcanoes, mountains, flora or fauna
Myths
Myths
BAKUNAWA: The Moon Eating Dragon of Philippine Mythology
explain the origin of things
Legends(alamat)
used an animal characters and allegory
Fables
deal with underworld characters such as ―tiyanak‖ ―aswang‖ ―kapre‖ and others.
Fantastic Stories
these are narratives of sustained legth based on oral tradition revolving around supernatural events or heroic deeds.
Epics
The start of the deprivation of the indigenous Philippine literature, Spanish colonial government finally got in the scene. They were able to manipulate literature by monopolizing it under the religious orders. Literature evolves mainly on the themes of Spanish/ European culture and of course, the Roman Catholic religion.
SPANISH COLONIZATION PERIOD
It has two distinct classifications: religious and secular
SPANISH COLONIZATION PERIOD
It introduced Spanish as the medium of communication
SPANISH COLONIZATION PERIOD
religious lyrics written by Ladino poets or those versed in both Spanish and Tagalog were included in early catechism and were uses to teach Filipinos the Spanish language
Religious Literature
ong narrative poem about the passion and death of Christ. The most popular was "Ang Mahal na Passion ni Jesu Cristong Panginoon Natin" by Gaspar Aguino de Belen
Pasyon
—dramatization of the pasyon, it shows the passion and death of Christ
Senakulo
colorful tales of chivalry made for singing and chanting Ex. Ibong Adarna
Awit
metrical tale written in octosyllabic quatrains
Korido
written to prescribe proper decorum
Prose Narratives
he was the foremost exponent of the komedya during his time.
JOSE DELA CRUZ
he was popularly called Balagtas, he is the acknowledged master of traditional Tagalog poetry
FRANCISO BALTAZAR
The topics covered by the literary works include religion, specifically Christianity, and European traditions. Grammar books in Tagalog were also published at that time period. Some were sung, like The Passion while some were prayers that believers chant in church.
Literary Styles and Themes
Planted seeds of nationalism in Filipinos
NATIONALISTIC/PROPAGANDA AND REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD
Language shifted from Spanish to Tagalog
NATIONALISTIC/PROPAGANDA AND REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD
Addressed the masses instead of the ―intelligentsia‖
NATIONALISTIC/PROPAGANDA AND REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD
—Reformatory in objective
Propaganda Literature
satires, editorials and news articles were written to attack and expose the evils of Spanish rule
Political Essays (PROPAGANDA LIT.)
founded by Marcelo H. Pilar
Diariong Tagalog
editor-in-chief is Graciano Lopez Jaena
La Solidaridad
Political Novels. Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo
Jose Rizal
more ‗propagandastic' than literary as it is more violent in nature and demanded complete independence for the country
Revolutionary Literature
helped inflame the spirit of revolution
Political Essays (revolutionary lit)
newspaper of the society, edited by Emilio Jacinto
Kalayaan
True Decalogue
Apolinario Mabini
Katapusang Hibik ng Pilipinas, Pag-ibig Sa Tinubuang Lupa
Andres Bonifacio
Liwanag at Dilim
Emilio Jacinto
May Pag-asa, Agapito Bagumbayan
ANDRES BONIFACIO
Taga-Ilog
ANTONIO LUNA
Magdalo
EMILIO AGUINALDO
Dimas Ilaw, Pingkian
EMILIO JACINTO
Diego, Laura
GRACIANO LOPEz JAENA
JoMaPa
JOSEMA. PANGANIBAN
Dimas alang, Laon laan
JOSE RIZAL
Buan
JUAN LUNA
Plaridel, Dolores Manapat, Piping Dilat
MARCELO DEL PILAR
Tikbalang, Naning, (Satanas), Kalipulako
MARIANO PONCE
Even if Philippine literature was in English, the preservation of the content for Filipino experiences were achieved
AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
Filipino Writers imitated English and American models
Period of Apprenticeship AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
Poems written were amateurish and mushy, which phrasing and diction is awkward and artificial
Period of Apprenticeship AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
Paz Marquez Benitez
Dead Stars
The Small Key
Paz Latorena
Footnote to Youth
Jose Garcia Villa
first novel in English by Zoilo Galang
Child of Sorrow
Highly influenced by Western literary trends like Romanticism and Realism
Period of Emergence AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD (1910-1945)
Earned the international title ―Poet of the Century‖
Jose Garcia Villa
—most prevalent literary form. 1925 to 1941, poetry and short story flourished during these times.
Short Stories [Period of Emergence AMERICAN COLONIAL PERIOD
The Philippine Free Press provided the first incentives to Filipino writers in English by offering prizes to Filipino writers in English by offering prizes to worthwhile contribution. Other publication followed suit.
Publications
1925 to 1941, drama during this period did not reach the heights attained by the novel or the short story.
Drama
The weekly Liwayway was placed under strict surveillance until it was managed by a Japanese named Ishiwara.
JAPANESE OCCUPATION
A poem of free verse that the Japanese liked. It was made up of 17 syllables divided into three lines. The first line had 5 syllables, the second had 7 syllables, and the third had 5. It is allegorical in meaning. It is short and covers a wide scope in meaning.
Haiku
It is like the Haiku since it is short but it had measure and rhyme. Each line had 7 syllables and is also allegorical in meaning
Tanaga
The drama experienced a lull during the Japanese period because movie houses showing American films were closed. The big movie houses were just made to show stage shows. Many of the plays were reproductions of English plays to Tagalog.
Filipino Drama
Tagalog poets broke away from the Balagtas tradition and instead wrote in simple language and free verse
JAPANESE OCCUPATION
Fiction prevailed over poetry
JAPANESE OCCUPATION
compilation of the short story contest by the military government i
25 Pinakambuting Maikling Kathang Pilipino (1943)
Suyuan sa Tubiga
Macario Pineda
Narciso Reyes
Lupang Tinubua
Uhaw ang Tigang na Lupa
Liwayway Arceo
Writers symbolisms and allegories to drive home their message, at the face of censorship
CONTEMPORARY/MODERN PERIOD
Martial Law repressed and curtailed human rights, including freedom of the press
CONTEMPORARY/MODERN PERIOD
Theater was used as a vehicle for protest, such as the PETA (Phil. Educational Theater Association) and UP Theater
CONTEMPORARY/MODERN PERIOD
From the eighties onward, writers continue to show dynamism and innovation
CONTEMPORARY/MODERN PERIOD
the use of words that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to.
Onomatopoeia
the idea about life that a poet writes about is called the theme or message of the poem.
Messages in Poetry
a poem that has no regular rhyme or rhythm. Cause and Effect Relationship
Free Verse
is a word that describes, limits, or points out a noun
Adjectives
Many young people became activists to ask for changes in the government.
Period of Activism
The irreverence for the poor reached its peak during this period of the mass revolution. It was also during this period that Bomba films that discredit our ways as Filipinos started to come out.
Period of Activism
Some of those who rallied to this revolutionary form of literature were Rolando Tinio, Rogelio Mangahas, Efren Abueg, Rio Alma, and Clemente Bautista.
Period of Activism
started on September 21, 1972. The Carlos Palanca Awards continued to give annual awards.
Period of the New Society
Almost all themes in most writings dealt with the development or progress of the country -like the Green Revolution, family planning, proper nutrition, environment, drug addiction and pollution
Period of the New Society
All school newspapers were temporarily stopped and so with school organizations.
Period of the New Society
The military government established a new office called the Ministry of Public Affairs that supervised the newspapers, books and other publications.
Period of the New Society
when we were freed from Military Rule.
Period of Third Republic
During this period, it cannot be denied that many people seethed with rebellion and protest because of the continued oppression and suppression. We can say that Philippine literature, in spite of the many restrictions, still surreptitiously retained its luster
Period of Third Republic
, the Filipino people regained their independence which they lost twenty years ago. In the span of four days form February 21-25, 1986, the so-called People Power (Lakas ng Bayan) prevailed. Together, the people barricaded the streets petitioning the government for changes and reforms.
Rebirth of Freedom
Republic of the Philippines
archipelago in Southeast Asia
consisting of 7107 islands
Republic of the Philippines
(Regions I-V, Cordillera Administrative Region [CAR] and National Capital Region [NCR])
Luzon
(Regions VI- VIII)
Visayas
(Regions IX-XIII and Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao)
Mindanao
She has won more than a dozen literary awards, prizes and fellowships for her poetry, fiction and plays in the Philippines, Australia and the United States.
Merlinda Bobis
was born on 25 August, 1936 in Santa, Ilocos Sur. He took up several courses in college, including Journalism and English. He has worked as News & Comics Editor and Literary Editor
Jose A. Bragado
He has published in the Bannawag magazine 20 novels, 65 short stories, 50 poems, 170 feature articles and essays, translated 5 novels from Filipino to Iluko; he has alos edited and coauthored several books.
Jose A. Bragado
He has published short stories in the Liwayway magazine. He wrote the life of Gabriela and Diego Silang for Balintataw , a radio program of Cecille Gidote-Alvarez at the DZRH. The drama ran for one month.
Jose A. Bragado
He has received various awards for his contributions to Iluko literature. He was nominated for National Artist for Literature Award in 2003.
Jose A. Bragado
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