a figure of speech in which a nonhuman subject is given human characteristicspersonificationthe perspective from which a story is toldpoint of view (POV)the story is told by a character who uses the personal pronoun "I"first- person POVthe narrator knows and tells about what each character thinks and feelsomniscient 3rd person POVthe narrator relates the inner thoughts and feelings of only 1 character, and everything is viewed from this characters prospectivelimited 3rd person POVa group of lines of poetry that is usually similar in length and pattern and separated by spacesstanza