PHYS 2426 FINAL

A lens is made with focal length -40 cm using a material with index of refraction 1.50. A second lens is made with the same geometry as the first but using a higher index material, the index being 2.00. What is the focal length of the second lens?
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A lens is made with focal length -40 cm using a material with index of refraction 1.50. A second lens is made with the same geometry as the first but using a higher index material, the index being 2.00. What is the focal length of the second lens?
-20 cm
A convex lens has a focal length f. An object is placed between f and 2f on the axis. The image formed is located
at a distance greater than 2f from the lens
If a person's eyeball is too long from front to back, the person is likely to suffer from
nearsightedness
If the magnification of a mirror is negative, which of the following is correct?
The image is inverted and the mirror is concave.
An object 4.0 cm in height is placed 8.0 cm in front of a concave mirror with a focal length of 10.0 cm. What is the position of its image in relation to the mirror and what are its characteristics?
40.0 cm on the other side of mirror, virtual, 5.0 times bigger
The angular resolution of the eye is about 5 × 10 -4 rad. The Moon is about 400,000 km from the earth and has a diameter of about 3500 km. What is the smallest feature on the Moon that can be resolved with the unaided eye?
200 km
In a Young's double slit experiment, the slit separation is made to be exactly 4λ. At what angle will the third bright fringe to the side of the central fringe occur? Caution: the angles involved are such that the approximation sinθ ≈ θ is not valid.
48.6
An important reason for using a very large diameter objective in an astronomical telescope is
to increase the resolution
Sources are coherent if
they have a constant phase difference.
Placing the Hubble Space Telescope in space gives better resolution because it is
above the atmosphere which distorts images
Sunlight reflected from the surface of a laketends to be polarized with its electric field vector parallel to the surface of the lake.The colors on an oil slick are caused by reflection andinterferenceIf a person's eyeball is too short from front to back, the person is likely to suffer fromfarsightednessA soap bubble has an index of refraction of 1.33. What minimum thickness of this bubble will ensure maximum reflectance of normally incident 530 nm wavelength light?99.6 nmOf the following lenses, which is not a converging lens?planoconcaveAn object is placed 6.0 cm in front of a convex mirror with a radius of curvature of 16.0 cm. Which of the following statements describes the image?The image is upright and 3.4 cm behind the mirror.Consider two diffraction gratings; one has 4000 lines per cm and the other one has 6000 lines per cm. Make a statement comparing the dispersion of the two gratingsThe 6000-line grating produces the greater dispersion.The amount of light reaching the film in a camera is determined by thef-stop.In a single-slit diffraction experiment, the width of the slit through which light passes is reduced. What happens to the central bright fringe?It becomes wider.What type of lens is a magnifying glass?convergingThe length of the telescope is 1.60 m and it has a magnification of 60.0. What is the focal length of the objective?157 cmA 4.0-cm-tall object is placed 50.0 cm from a diverging lens of focal length 25.0 cm. What is the nature and location of the image?A virtual image, 1.3 cm tall, 16.7 cm same side as the objectA beam of white light is incident on a thick glass plate with parallel sides, at an angle between 0 ° and 90° with the normal. Which color emerges from the other side first?None of the given; all colors emerge at the same time.A lens of focal length 20 cm has an object of height 3.0 cm placed 100 cm in front of it. The image formed isinverted and smaller than the object.When a light wave enters into a medium of different optical density,its speed and wavelength change.What principle is responsible for the fact that certain sunglasses can reduce glare from reflected surfaces?polarizationAt the first maxima on either side of the central bright spot in a double-slit experiment, light from each opening arrivesin phase.If the lens diameter is doubled, what happens to the resolvable angle of images produced at fixed wavelength?The angle decreases by a factor of two.If an X-ray beam of wavelength 1.4 × 10-10 m makes an angle of 20° with a set of planes in a crystal causing first order constructive interference, at what angle will the second order line appear?43°A camera lens that covers the film with a field of view that corresponds approximately to that of normal vision is referred to as anormal lens.At the second maxima on either side of the central bright spot in a double -slit experiment, light fromone opening travels two wavelengths of light farther than light from the other opening.A convex lens has a focal length f. An object is placed at f on the axis. The image formed is locatedat infinityAn object is placed in front of a convex mirror at a distance larger than twice the focal length of the mirror. The image will appearupright and reduced.A convex lens has a focal length f. An object is placed between f and 2f on the axis. The image formed is locatedat a distance greater than 2f from the lens.The spreading of white light into its spectrum is calleddispersion.The objectives of two astronomical telescopes have the same focal length but one objective has double the diameter of the other. An advantage of the telescope with the larger objective isits brighter image.The speed of light in a certain medium is 2.2 x 108 m/s. What is the index of refraction of this medium?1.4To find an image by ray tracing requirestwo rays.Do mirrors suffer from chromatic aberration?No, because the angle of reflection is always equal to the angle of incidence.Two beams of coherent light travel different paths arriving at point P. If the maximum destructive interference is to occur at point P, what should be the phase difference between the two waves?The phase difference between the two waves is π.A mirror with a focal length 100 cm has a 4.0 cm object placed 20 cm in front of it. What is the height of the image?5.0 cmA camera lens that acts like a telescope to magnify images is referred to as atelephoto lens.If the diameter of a radar dish is doubled, what happens to its resolving power assuming that all other factors remain unchanged? Its resolving powerdoubles.On a clear day, the sky appears to be more blue toward the zenith (overhead) than it does toward the horizon. This occurs becausethe sunlight travels over a longer path at the horizon, resulting in more scattering.The image of the rare stamp you see through a magnifying glass iseither the same orientation or upside-down, depending on how close the stamp is to the glass.An image formed when the light rays pass through the image location, and could appear on paper or film placed at that location is referred to as a(n)real image.A thin converging lens is found to form an image of a distant building 24 cm from the lens. If an object is placed 16 cm from the lens, how far from the object will the image be?32 cmThe length of time the shutter is open when the film is exposed in a camera is determined by theshutter speed.If a personʹs eyeball is too long from front to back, the person is likely to suffer fromnearsightedness.If a personʹs eyeball is too short from front to back, the person is likely to suffer fromfarsightedness.For certain angles, TOTAL INTERNAL REFLECTION can occur when light tries to pass from one medium to another which hasa smaller index of refraction.The images formed by concave lensesare always virtual.Concave spherical mirrors produce images whichcould be smaller than, larger than, or the same size as the actual object, depending on the placement of the object.When light in medium 1 is reflected from the surface of medium 2 with the indices of refraction of the media being n1 and n2 respectively, the reflected light has a phase difference of 180 ° ifn1 < n2.A convex mirror hasa negative focal length.When the transmission axes of two Polaroid films are perpendicular to each other, what is the percentage of the incident light which will pass the two films?0%A light ray, traveling obliquely to a concave mirrorʹs axis, crosses the axis at the mirrorʹs center of curvature before striking the mirrorʹs surface. After reflection, this raypasses through the mirrorʹs center of curvature.Spherical lenses suffer fromboth spherical and chromatic aberration.A beam of light that is parallel to the principal axis is incident on a concave mirror. What happens to the reflected beam of light?It passes through the focal point of the mirror.A ray of light, which is traveling in air, is incident on a glass plate at a 45° angle. The angle of refraction in the glassis less than 45°A convex lens has focal length f. An object is placed at 2f on the axis. The image formed is locatedat 2f.If in a double-slit experiment the wavelength of light is increased, which of the following happens to the interference pattern shown on the screen?The maxima get further apart.When light enters a material of higher index of refraction, its speeddecreases.In calculating the lateral magnification from a lens, a negative result meansthe image is inverted.A simple compound microscope provides large magnification by employinga short focal length objective and a long focal length eyepieceFor all transparent material substances, the index of refractionis greater than 1.One beam of coherent light travels path P1 in arriving at point Q and another coherent beam travels path P2 in arriving at the same point. If these two beams are to interfere destructively, the path difference P1 - P2 must be equal toan odd number of half-wavelengths.If an X-ray beam of wavelength 1.4 × 10-10 m makes an angle of 30° with a set of planes in a crystal causing first order constructive interference, what is the plane spacing?1.4 × 10-10 mIf you stand in front of a concave mirror, exactly at its focal pointyou wonʹt see your image because there is none.A single-slit diffraction pattern is formed on a distant screen. Assuming the angles involved are small, by what factor will the width of the central bright spot on the screen change if the distance from the slit to the screen is doubled?It will double.A prism has a vertex angle of 60° and an index of refraction of 1.52. What is the minimum angle of incidence, measured away from the vertex, for a ray of light to emerge from the other side of the prism?29.4°If in a double-slit experiment the slit separation is increased, which of the following happens to the interference pattern shown on the screen?The minima get closer together.Two light sources are said to be coherent if theyare of the same frequency, and maintain a constant phase differenceThe image formed in a plane mirror isat the same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front of the mirror.If the absolute value of the magnification is equal to one, then the image isthe same size as the object.If a length of lucite that is being used as a light pipe gets wet, the critical angledecreases.A light ray, traveling parallel to the axis of a convex thin lens, strikes the lens near its midpoint. After traveling through the lens, this ray emerges traveling obliquely to the axis of the lenspassing through its focal point.Consider two diffraction gratings with the same slit separation, the only difference being that one grating has 3 slits and the other 4 slits. If both gratings are illuminated with a beam of the same monochromatic light, make a statement concerning the separation between the orders.Both gratings produce the same separation between orders, but the orders are better defined with the 4-slit grating.If you stand in front of a convex mirror, at the same distance from it as its focal length,you will see your image and you will appear smaller.Select which statement is correct in describing the image formed by a thin lens of a real object placed in front of the lensIf the image is real, then it is also inverted.A spherical mirror has a radius of curvature of 22 cm. If the mirror is concave, its focal length is11 cmIf the image distance is negative, the image formed by a mirror is a(n)virtual imageThe image formed by convex lenses arenone of the above.The index of refraction of diamond is 2.42. This means that a given frequency of light travels2.42 times faster in vacuum than it does in diamond.The lattice spacing of the principal Bragg planes in sodium chloride is 0.282 nm. For what wavelength of x-rays will the first order reflected beam diffract at 55° with respect to the normal to the crystal planes?0.323 nmAt the first minima on either side of the central bright spot in a double-slit experiment, light from each opening arrives180° out of phase.A certain astronomical telescope has a diameter of 5.60 m. Considering only the limitation due to diffraction, what is the minimum angle of resolution for this telescope at a wavelength of 620 nm?0.135 μradThe principal axis is thestraight line drawn from the center of curvature to the mid point of the mirror.What principle is responsible for alternating light and dark bands when light passes through two or more narrow slits?interferenceConsider the image formed by a refracting telescope. Suppose an opaque screen is placed in front of the lower half of the objective lens. What effect will this have?The image will appear as it would if the objective were not blocked, but it will be dimmer.What principle is responsible for light spreading as it passes through a narrow slit?diffractionA camera lens that covers the film with a wider field of view than that of the eye and through which objects appear smaller is referred to as awide-angle lens.If the absolute value of the magnification is smaller than one, then the image issmaller than the object.The chromatic aberration in lenses is due to thedispersion of light by the lens.The image formed by a concave mirror when the object is placed between the mirror and the focal point has the following characteristics:virtual, upright, enlarged, image distance is larger than object distanceConvex spherical mirrors produce images whichare always smaller than the actual object.The discoverer of X-rays wasRoentgen.A beam of light that is parallel to the principal axis is incident on a convex mirror. What happens to the reflected beam of light?It appears to be coming from the focal point on the other side of the mirror.The condition for total internal reflection can be predicted from Snellʹs law sincethe maximum value of the sine is 1.0.An object is placed 100 cm in front of a lens of focal length 20 cm. A second lens is placed 15 cm past the first lens. The second lens has a focal length of 40 cm. The final imageis real and inverted.Light enters an equilateral triangle prism in a direction parallel to one side. The prism is made of glass with an index of refraction of 1.52. What is the angle between the incoming ray and the ray that leaves the prism on the other side?59°Huygenʹs principle indicateseach point on a wavefront is a source of wavelets.A simple refracting telescope provides large magnification by employinga long focal length objective and a short focal length eyepiece.The principal refraction of light by the eye occurs at thecornea.In the two-slit experiment, for the condition of dark fringes, the value of m = +4 corresponds to a path difference of(7/2)λThe polarization of sunlight is greatest atboth sunrise and sunset.The objective lens of a refracting telescope has a focal length of 60 cm and the eyepiece a focal length of 8.0 cm. What is the angular magnification of the telescope?7.5Lucite has an index of refraction of 1.50. What is its critical angle of incidence?41.8°Which of the following sets of characteristics describes the image formed by a plane mirror?virtual and uprightFarsightedness can usually be corrected withconverging lenses.In the figure, a laser positioned on a ship is used to communicate with a small two -man research submarine resting on the bottom of a lake. The laser is positioned 12 m above the surface of the water, and it strikes the water 20 m from the side of the ship. The water is 76 m deep and has an index of refraction of 1.33. How far horizontally is the submarine from the side of the ship?84.1 mAt a quiet pond with crystal clear water, you decide to fish with bow and arrow. When you aim at the fish you see, you must aimdeeper then you perceive the fish to be.Select which statement is correct in describing the image formed by a thin lens of a real object placed in front of the lens.If the image is real, then it is also inverted.A lens of focal length 20 cm has an object of height 3.0 cm placed 100 cm in front of it. The image distance in this case is25 cm.Which color of light undergoes the smallest refraction when passing from air to glass?redIn a double slit experiment, the slit separation is constructed to be exactly 4 times the wavelength of the light passing through the slits. At what angles from the center of the pattern will the third bright fringes on both sides of the central fringe occur?±48.6°A single-slit diffraction pattern is formed on a distant screen. Assuming the angles involved are small, by what factor will the width of the central bright spot on the screen change if the slit width is doubled?It will be cut in half.The resolving power of a microscope refers to the ability toform clear images of two points that are very close together.In a Newtonʹs rings apparatus, the interference effect observed between the rays occurs because of the path difference betweenthe top and bottom surfaces of the air between the pieces of glass.A personʹs eye lens is 2.8 cm away from the retina. What must the focal length of this lens be in order for an object placed at the far point of the eye to focus on the retina?2.8 cmTwo beams of coherent light travel different paths arriving at point P. If the maximum constructive interference is to occur at point P, what should be the phase difference between the two waves?The phase difference between the two waves is 2π.If n1 is the index of refraction for the incident medium and n2 is the index for the refracting medium, the critical angle will existwhen n1 > n2.A telescope that uses a mirror 249 cm in diameter is just able to resolve a double-star system that is 1.5 light-years away. Assume the light from the stars has a wavelength of 691 nm. How far apart are the two stars? One light year = 9.46 × 1015 m. (Use the approximation for θmin: θmin ≈ λ D.)4.8 × 109 mLight of wavelength 687 nm is incident on a single slit 0.75 mm wide. At what distance from the slit should a screen be placed if the second dark fringe in the diffraction pattern is to be 1.7 mm from the center of the screen?0.93 mAn object is placed in front of a lens which forms an image of the object.If the image is real, then it is also inverted.Waves that are emitted in phase from two sources will undergo constructive interference when the paths from the sources differ bya whole integer number of wavelengths.Two coherent light sources are characterized byhaving the same frequency and maintaining a constant phase difference.A light ray is reflected by two mirrors that are perpendicular. The new direction of the ray is180° from the original direction.In a Youngʹs double slit experiment, if the separation between the two slits is 0.050 mm and the distance from the slits to a screen is 2.5 m, find the spacing between the first-order and second-order bright fringes for light with wavelength of 600 nm.3.0 cmConsider two diffraction gratings; one has 4000 lines per cm and the other one has 6000 lines per cm. Make a statement comparing the dispersion of the two gratings.The 6000-line grating produces the greater dispersion.If you stand in front of a convex mirror, at the same distance from it as its radius of curvature,you will see your image and you will appear smaller.