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Anatomy 14

Terms in this set (37)

As air is exhaled, which structures are encountered first?
vocal cords (vocal folds)
Which controls the loudness of your voice?
The amount of air you use.
Name the muscles of principal inspiration
diaphragm and the external intercostals
Name the muscles of principal expiration
no muscles required
Name the muscles of forced inspiration
sternocleidomastoid, pectoralis minor, and scalene muscles
Name the muscles of forced expiration.
abdominal muscles and internal intercostals
If a person is inhaling forcefully, which muscles would be contracted? (There are 2 answers)
sternocleidomastoid, pectoralis minor, and scalene muscles
diaphragm and the external intercostals
What is the air pressure in the lungs as compared to the atmospheric pressure during forceful inspiration?
Pressure inside the lungs is lower than the presssure of the atmosphere during the inspiration.
What are the TWO factors that aid the collapse of the lungs during expiration?
Elastic nature of the lungs.
Surface tension of the alveolar fluid.
What are the TWO factors that help prevent total lung collapse and aid inspiration?
Negative pressure in the pleural cavity.
Surfactant in the alveolar fluid.
Name the disease that can result from a lack of elasticity in the lungs which causes a difficulty in exhaling.
Emphysema
The _____ reflex prevents over-inflation of the lungs by sending inhibitory signals to the respiratory control centers. If the inhibitory signals are strong enough, the respiratory control centers will stop inspiration.
Hering-Breuer
What parts of the CNS control the muscles of breathing?
medulla oblongata and the pons
The MAIN control of depth and rate of ventilation comes from the body's monitoring of ____.
pH
If the pH of blood is on the increase, what will happen to the rate and depth of ventilation?
The rate and depth of ventilation are reduced.
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