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CNA - Block 15

Terms in this set (43)

Decubitus:
Relating to an ulcer/sore; a difficult-to- heal (and possibly fatal) sore that forms when part of the body presses against a surface for a long period of time, cutting off the oxygen supply to the tissues. See also Pressure Injury/Ulcer/Sore
epidermis:
the outer layer of cells covering an organism, in particular
inflammation:
The body's immunological defense against injury, infection, or allergy often causing redness, heat, swelling, pain, and loss of function.
integumentary:
The body system that includes the skin and its glands, the hair, and the nails and acts to protect the body from various kinds of damage, such as loss of water or abrasion from outside
rash:
a temporary eruption of a group of lesions on the skin.
scabies:
a contagious skin disease marked by itching and small raised red spots, caused by the itch mite
Atrophy: (m)
the wasting away, decreasing in size, and weakening of muscles from lack of use
hip fracture: (m)
Broken bone in the hip, a key health problem among the elderly, usually due to a fall or other kind of trauma involving direct impact to the hip bone which has been weakened by osteoporosis
hip replacement: (m)
is a type of surgery that involves the removal of the damaged hip joint and surrounding cartilage and replacement with a prosthesis
joint: (m)
a structure in the human or animal body at which two parts of the skeleton are fitted together
knee replacement: (m)
is a surgical procedure to replace the weight-bearing surfaces of the knee joint to relieve pain and disability
ligament: (m)
a short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue that connects two bones or cartilages or holds together a join
osteoporosis: (m)
a disease that causes bones to become porous and brittle, causing them to break easily
rheumatoid arthritis (m)
a chronic progressive auto- immune disease causing inflammation in the joints and resulting in painful deformity and immobility, especially in the fingers, wrists, feet, and ankles
tendon (m):
a flexible but inelastic cord of strong fibrous collagen tissue attaching a muscle to a bone
brain: (n)
an organ of soft nervous tissue contained in the skull of vertebrates, functioning as the coordinating center of sensation and intellectual and nervous activity
blindness:
the state or condition of being unable to see because of injury, disease, or a congenital condition
cataracts:
a medical condition in which the lens of the eye becomes progressively opaque, resulting in blurred vision
central nervous system (CNS):
the part of the nervous system which consists of the brain and spinal cord, to which sensory impulses are transmitted and from which motor impulses pass out, and which coordinates the activity of the entire nervous system
deafness:
the condition of lacking the power of
hearing or having impaired hearing
epilepsy:
a neurological disorder marked by sudden recurrent episodes of sensory disturbance, loss of consciousness, or convulsions, associated with abnormal electrical activity in the brain
glaucoma:
a condition of increased pressure within the eyeball causing gradual loss of sight
hemiplegia:
paralysis on one side of the body
multiple sclerosis:
a chronic, typically progressive disease involving damage to the sheaths of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord; symptoms include numbness, impairment of speech and of muscular coordination, blurred vision, and severe fatigue
nerves:
(in the body) a whitish fiber or bundle of fibers that transmits impulses of sensation to the brain or spinal cord, and impulses from these to the muscles and organs
paraplegia:
loss of function of lower body and legs.
quadriplegia:
The loss of function of the legs, trunk, and arms
spinal cord:
the cylindrical bundle of nerve fibers and associated tissue that is enclosed in the spine and connects nearly all parts of the body to the brain, with which it forms the central nervous system
spinal cord injury:
...
traumatic brain injury (TBI):
is damage to the spinal cord that causes changes in its function, either temporary or permanent
vertigo:
a sensation of whirling and loss of balance, associated particularly with looking down from a great height, or caused by disease affecting the inner ear or the vestibular nerve; giddiness
anemia:
a condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells or of hemoglobin in the blood, resulting in pallor and weariness
artery:
any of the muscular-walled tubes forming part of the circulation system by which blood (mainly that which has been oxygenated) is conveyed from the heart to all parts of the body
blood clot:
A semi-solid mass of coagulated red and white blood cells. (thrombus)
capillary:
any of the fine branching blood vessels that form a network between the arterioles and venules
cardiac:
heart
congestive heart failure (CHF):
heart failure in which the heart is unable to maintain adequate circulation of blood in the tissues of the body or to pump out the venous blood returned to it by the venous circulation
coronary artery disease (CAD):
Impedance or blockage of one or more arteries that supply blood to the heart, usually due to atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries).
cyanosis:
skin that is blue or gray
pacemaker:
an artificial device for stimulating the heart muscle and regulating its contractions
peripheral vascular disease (PVD):
Poor blood circulation in the legs, feet, arms, or hands caused by atherosclerosis.
veins
any of the tubes forming part of the blood circulation system of the body, carrying in most cases oxygen-depleted blood toward the heart
Which of the following body parts is included in passive range of motion (PROM) exercises?
finger
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