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CRM 210 Final - Chapter 9

Terms in this set (25)

Which is not a type of prosecutor?
​Defense attorney
​___________ serve as the nation's principal litigators and are appointed by the president.
​U.S. attorneys
The ________ is a method of judicial selection that combines a judicial nominating commission, executive appointment, and nonpartisan confirmation elections.
​Missouri Plan
An example of ________ would be when overweight people file suit against manufacturers, distributors, or sellers of food products, charging these parties with responsibility for their obesity.
a frivolous lawsuit
​Misdemeanor courts and municipal courts are examples of:
​courts of limited jurisdiction.
Donald Reed, a Vietnam Veteran and former engineer, was arrested for possession of marijuana and resisting arrest after officers found him smoking the drug under a bridge overpass in Cincinnati, Ohio. Mr. Reed is currently unemployed and is homeless after divorcing his wife in 1999 and losing his job in 2006. Given this information, answer the following questions.
​Mr. Reed would be considered a/an _________ offender because he does have the funds necessary to hire an attorney on his own.
indigent
A U.S. district court is:
a trial court in the federal court system.
​An order of a superior court requesting that a record of an inferior court be brought forward for review or inspection is a:
​writ of certiorari.
An informal dispute resolution process in which a neutral third party helps disputing parties reach an agreement is called:
mediation.
Frivolous lawsuits are one factor that has spurred an increase in the amount of:
criminal litigation.
Martha "Shuffles" Hershey is arrested for soliciting prostitution from a minor, a 17-year-old male in her small beach resort villa and kidnapping (transportation of a minor across state lines). Having paid the minor for sexual favors, she escorted him across state lines. At the time, Martha was 47 years old and had two kids; her husband had recently divorced her because of infidelity. Given this basic information of the case, answer the following questions.
​If the court ordered Ms. Hershey and others (witnesses) to appear in court, they would be notified by _________ specifying the date and time of the hearing?
​subpoena
​A prosecutor's decision to dismiss a case because of police misconducted would have been based on:
​due process problems.
Assume that the United States is on the verge of passing mass immigration reform laws that mandate the granting of immediate citizenship to all illegal aliens, of any nationality, at the start of the new year. The legality of the case was heard in federal court and is now in the hands of the Supreme Court. Given this information, answer the following questions.
​In order for the Supreme Court to hear the case, it must first request a record of the inferior court be brought forth in a process called:
​a writ of certiorari.
In ________, the Supreme Court reaffirmed the legitimacy of its jurisdiction over state court decisions when such courts handled issues of federal or constitutional law.
​Martin v. Hunter's Lessee (1816)
Which is not a method of judicial selection?
​Appointment by state legislature
​A group of citizens chosen to hear charges against a person accused of a crime and to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to proceed to trial is a ______ jury.
​grand
​A state or federal court that has jurisdictions over felonies is referred to as a court of:
general jurisdiction
​U.S. District Courts are comprised of how_____ independent courts, which were first organized by the Judicial Act of 1789.
​94
________ guarantees the accused the right to counsel when in custody and thereafter.
​Miranda v. Arizona
​A court that has primary jurisdiction over specific types of offenses and that operates differently than a traditional criminal court is referred to as a:
​Miranda v. Arizona
​Courts that have jurisdiction over cases involving violations of federal laws, including civil rights abuses, interstate transportation of stolen property, and kidnappings are called:
​U.S. district courts.
​Discussions between defense counsel and prosecution in which the accused agrees to plead guilty in exchange for certain considerations, such as reduced changes, is referred to as:
​plea bargaining.
​The use of an alternative to trial, such as referral to a treatment or employment programs, is called:
diversion.
The defense attorney acts in a dual capacity as both a defense advocate and as a(n):
advocate of justice.
________ is the most common sanction for overzealous prosecutors in the United States.
​Reprimand/censure
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