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chapter 19 post operative care

Terms in this set (16)

When does post operative care take place and what does it involve
1. Begins immediately after surgery and continues until the patient is discharged from medical care.

2. Involves protecting the patient, who is yet a physiologic risk for after surgery, and preventing complications or the body repairs itself during the recovery process.
Post Anesthesia Care Unit (PACU)
the recovery room where patients are taken following surgery so that they can be closely monitored by the health care team to make sure that they are recovering without complications from the surgery or the anesthesia
Most common causes of airway compromise in the post anesthesia perioid
Every obstruction, hypoxemia, and hypo ventilation
What patients are most at risk of airway compromise we've had general anesthesia
Older, used tobacco, have pre-existing lung disease or sleeping disorder breathing, or obese, have comorbidities or have undergone airway, thoracic, or abdominal surgery
What is the most common cause of hypoxemia
Atelectasis
How do you recognize problems early related to airway
Airway patency, chest symmetry, pulse ox symmetry, capnography, and the depth, rate, and character of respirations
What are the most common cardiovascular problems following surgery
Hypotension, hypertension, and dysrhythmias. Patient is at greatest risk include those changes in respiratory function, a history of cardiovascular disease, older adults, debilitated, and the critically ill
What are some common causes of hypotension
Fluid and blood loss, which may lead to hypovolemic shock
What are some common causes of hypertension in surgery
Pain, anxiety, bladder distention, respiratory compromise, or pre-existing hypertension
What are some causes of dysrhythmias following surgery
Electrolyte and acid base in balance, hypoxemia, hypercapnia, circulatory instability, hypothermia, anesthetic agents, and pre-existing heart disease
Where are some causes and presentations of emergence delirium
Causes include anesthetic agents, hypoxia, bladder distention, pain, residual neuromuscular blockade, or the presence of an endotracheal tube.
Presentations include restlessness, agitation, disorientation, thrashing, and shouting
What are some causes of the delayed emergence
Prolong drug action, particularly of opioids, sedatives, and inhaled anesthetics, as opposed to neurologic injury
What are some causes of hypothermia that occur during surgery
A temperature less than 96.8° occurs when heat loss is greater than heat production. He lost during the preoperative. Maybe due to skin exposure during surgery and or use of cold arrogance and unwarmed inhaled gases
What are some common postoperative nausea and vomiting risk factors
Gender (female), history of motion sickness or previous postoperative nausea and vomiting, anesthetics opioids, and duration type of surgery
What is postoperative ileus
Temporary impairment of Gaston and Bowen Motel lady after surgery, is another problem caused by the handling of the intestine during surgery, immobility, opioid medication, anesthetics, and limited dietary intake before and after surgery
How much urine should be expected in the first 24 hours after surgery
800 to 1500 ML's
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