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bio ch 16

Terms in this set (36)

Selective Breeding
Humans breed organisms with desired traits, takes advantage of naturally occurring genetic variation (pass wanted traits to the next generation of organisms)
An example of biotechnology
Selective Breeding
Biotechnology
Applying technology to Biology
Selective breeding is a ____________ process that takes many generations
Slow
Methods of Selective Breeding
Hybridization and Inbreeding
Hybridizing
Combining the attributes of one plant with those of another
What increases the chance that a cross between two individuals will bring together two recessive alleles for a genetic defect
Members of a breed being genetically similar
How can breeders increase genetic variation?
Bacterial mutations and polyploid plants
What do polyploid pants have?
Extra sets of chromosomes and can create new species of plants that are larger and stronger than their diploid relatives
Examples of biotechnology
Bacterial mutations and polyploid plants
Process of finding a gene
Predict mRNA sequence and screen a genetic library to find a match
In Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to copy a segment...
A primer can be specific
Steps for PCR
1) DNA is heated to separate strands
2)The mixture is cooled and primers bind to the strands
3) DNA polymerase adds nucleotides to strands, producing two complementary strands
4) The process repeats and the section of DNA is copied again.
EACH CYCLE DOUBLES THE AMOUNT OF DNA
Recombinant DNA
DNA from different sources that have been joined together
"Sticky ends"
Two DNA segments are cut with restriction enzymes
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