Local anesthesia chapter four- incomplete

what LA has the most vasodialator properties?
what two have the least vasodialator properties?
Click the card to flip 👆
1 / 21
Terms in this set (21)
what LA has the most vasodialator properties?
what two have the least vasodialator properties?
procaine.
mepivacaine and prilocaine
Combined with LA to couter-act the vasodialating properties of LA.
VASOCONSTRICTORS!
the two vasoconstrictors added to LA in the U.S. are
epinephrine and levonordefrin
because the vasoconstrictors epinephrine and norepinephrine are the same ones that the body produces, they are also called what other 3 names?
symopathomimetic, adrenergic drugs, catecholamine
have a benzene ring and two hydroxyl groups. What has these?
epinephrine
true or false- levonordefrin is a synthetic catecholamine
true
increase heart rate, contract blood vessels, dilate air passage, and participate in the fight- or-flight response
vasoconstrictors
epinephrine is absorbed from the site of injection into the circulation just like local anesthetics, and measurable levels of epinephrine in the blood can effect the heart
exogenous epinephrine
release of epinephrine in response to inadequate anesthesia during the dental appointment can be much greater than the amount that reaches the circulation from an injection of anesthetic with a vasoconstrictor
endogenous epinephrine
what is the epi dose for cardiac patients?
0.04mg
what is the half-life of epi administered intravenously?1 to 3 minutespatients with recent MI, CBS, or cerebrovascular accident within the last 6 months or uncontrolled hypertension, angina, arrhythmias, or hyperthyroidism shouldn't get any what?no LA containing vasoconstrictorFill in the blank: epinephrine and norepinephrine cause vasoconstriction by activating ______ receptors located in most tissuesadrenergictarget receptor sites are divided into two major groups of adrengeric receptors, alpha and beta with several subtypes. Which ones are more easily excited?betaAlpha receptors have excitatory actions. Beta receptors have inhibitory actions from catecholamines on smooth muscles.both statements are truetrue or false- The excitatory action of beta receptors by sympathomimetric drugs causes vasoconstriction of the smooth muscle in blood vessels.false- alpha receptorsalpha one receptors are inhibitory-postsynaptic. alpha two receptors are excitatory-postsynaptic.both statements are false. RATIONALE: just switch the twonorepinephrine activates predominantly A beta receptors. Epinephrine activates both A beta and alpha receptors.both statements are trueare beta or alpha receptors more sensitive to stimulation?betawhich type of receptors (alpha or beta) have stimulatory effects that increase the rate and force of heart contractions?betaalpha receptors