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Social Studies Final Quizlet Ch 1 - 5

Terms in this set (107)

surplus
What is an extra amount, more than is needed?
environment
What is all the living and nonliving things in a person's surrounding?
domesicate
To train or adapt, an animal or plant to live in a human environment, making it more useful to humans is what?
agriculture
What is the science, art, and business of raising animals and plants to supply foods for humans?
archeologist
Who are the people that hunt for evidence buried in the ground?
anthropologist
Who are people who study how humans developed and how they related to one another?
historian
Who are people who study and write about the human past?
Old Stone Age
What does Paliolithic mean?
Tin and Copper
What two metals did they mix to make bronze?
civilization
What is a complex society that has cities, organized governments, art, religion, class division, and a writing system?
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
What are the two most important river in Mesopotamia?
land between the rivers
What does Mesopotamia mean?
False
True/False
Sumerians were monotheistic.
"mountain of god" or "hill of heaven"
Ziggurat means....
artisans
Who are skilled workers who made metal products, cloth, or pottery?
Cuneiform
What was the writing that the Sumerians created?
Sanskrit
Out of this list which one did the Sumerians not invent:

Irrigation system, wagon wheel, sanskrit, or the plow.
Sargon
Who was the king of the Akkadians?
Sargon
Who set up the world's first empire?
Hammurabi's law Code
"An eye for an eye" is an example of what?
Assyrians
1000 years after Hammurabi what group of people rose to power?
Hittites
What group developed a way to make iron stronger?
Chaldeans
The Assyrian empire fell because which group captured Nineveh?
King Nebuchadnezzar
Who led the Chaldeans?
Babylon
Where is the Hanging Gardens located?
Babylon
The Persians captured what city in 539 b.c.?
Persian Empire
When Babylon was captured Mesopotamia became part of which empire?
4000 miles long
How long is the Nile River?
delta
branches that fan out over an area of fertile soil is called a...
Sahara
What is the largest desert in the world?
July-October
Between which months would the Nile river flood?
Papyrus
what is the plant that grew along the Nile river called?
hieroglyphics
What language did the Eygptians develop?
North and South
Lower Egypt was in the _________ and Upper Egypt was in the _________.
Narmar
What is another name for Menes?
Memphis
What city did Narmar rule from?
dynasty
Rulers from one family line is known as a....
Great house
What does pharaoh mean?
Ra (Re)
Who is the sun god?
Hapi and Sobek
What god(s) controlled the Nile river?
Osiris
Who is the god that rules of the dead?
Anubis
Who is the god of mummification?
Bast
who is the goddess of protection and entertainment?
falcon
Horis is the god of the sky, what animal does he have for a head?
crocodile
Sobek is the god of the Nile, what animal does he have for a head?
King Khufu
The Great Pyramid of Giza was built for who?
Thebes
The capital Memphis was moved to which city?
Ahmose
Which Eyptian prince led an uprising that does the Hyksos out of Egypt?
The New Kingdom
Ahmose brought a new period called...
temples and obelisks
What did Hatshepsut build? (2 main things)
Aton
Amenhotep intruduced a new religion with only one god, what was the one gods name?
Adhenaton
Amenhotep changed his name to what?
Spirit of Aton
What does Adhenaton mean?
Thutmose III
Once Hatshepsut died who took over for her?
Syria, Palestine, Asia
Thutmose III was nothing like Hatshepsut, He was a military leader and liked presents. What did he take over? (3 places)
Relgion
Adhenaton focused to much on what?
Tutankhamen
After Akhenaton/Adhenaton died who took over for him?
savannas
grassy plains, also called....
the kingdom of Kerma
The more powerful Nubian villages took over the weaker ones and created...
Napata
powerful Kushite kings ruled from what city?
Kush
after Egypt took over Nubia, the Nubians made an independent kingdom called?
Meroë
Kush rulers moved the capital Napata to what city?
alphabet
What are groups of letters that stand for sounds?
exile
When someone is forced to leave homeland what is that called?
synagogues
What are Jewish houses of worship?
he let the Jews return to Judah
What did King Cyrus the Great do?
Ionian, Aegean, Mediterranean Seas
What are the three majors sea that surrround Greece?
Crete
What island did the Minoans live on?
Developers, builders, sailors
What are the three things the Minoans were?
Minoans
Who did the Mcenaeans learn from?
Homer
Who wrote the Odyssey?
Athens and Sparta
What were the two largest city-states in Greece?
Mycenaean and Dorians
Athens culture was _______and Spartas cuture was from _________.
Susa
What is Persia's capital?
Xerxes
After Darius died his son, __________ became king.
strait
What is a narrow strips of water between two pieces of land?
Alexander
Who was the young greek to invade Persia?
monarchy
When a king rules over a group of people it is called?
Hippias
Who was the last tyrant to rule over Athens?
Pericles
Who was said to speak with "thunder and lightning, and to wield a dreadful thunderbolt in his tongue"
protect Athens, Beautification of Athens, and strengthen Athens' Democracy.
Pericles was the man with the plan. What was his three step plan to bring back Athens?
Plague
What is a highly contagious widespread disease that is often fatal?
Alliance
What is a formal union between nations joined in a common cause
Philosopher
What is someone who seeks wisdom through intellectual means and moral discipline?
Delian League
Athens formed an alliance called the ........
Peloponnesian League
Sparta formed an alliance called the........
He was a philosopher that taught by asking hard question to answer such as: What is true wisdom?
Who was socrates?
Corrupting the youth and neglecting the worship of gods
What did Socrates get accused of?
drinking hemlock
In the end Socrates was "guilty" so what was his punishment?
Mount Olympus
What were the olympic games named after?
Poseidon
Who is the god of the sea?
Hera
Who is the goddess of marriage?
False, he is Zeus's son
True/False
Ares is one of Zeus's brothers.
Oracles
To find out about the future Greeks would go to?
The oracle at Delphi
What is the most famous oracle?
Epics
What are earlier stories that were long poems that told about heroic deeds called?
His fables
What is Aesop famous for?
tragedy play
What was a serious drama that usually involved the downfall of the main character; example a king?
Aeschylus
Who was the first person to introduce having two actors?
Sophocles
Who was the first person to use three actors on a stage?
Euripides
Who was the first person to use real life situation in tragedies?
Comedy plays
What is a less serious play that usually made fun of politics, important people of the day, or ideas of the day?
Aristophanes
Who was a greek writer who made fun of politicians and scholars?
Archimedes
Who studied geometry, figured out the value of pi, and created the first catapult?
Euclid
Who wrote a book about plane geometry?
conquer the persian empire
What did Philip II plan to do after he conquered the Greeks?
Alexander the Great
Who was the son of Philip II?
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