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Chapters 1, 3, and 15

Terms in this set (16)

Work
Activity that a person engages in in regularly to earn a livelihood
Vocation
one's primary work task at any given period of life.
Job
´set of duties and responsibilities (paid or unpaid) assigned to be performed usually on a sustaining, ongoing basis by one person.
Career Development
´Total constellation of psychological, sociological, educational, physical, economic, and chance factors that combine and influence the nature and significance of work throughout the life span (NCDA, 2003)
Three Paradigms for Career Intervention
´Formist paradigm: vocational guidance for the actor to identify occupational fit (Trait-Factor Theories)
´Organismic paradigm: career education for the agent to foster vocational adaptation (Developmental Theories)
´Contextual paradigm: life design for the author to construct a career story (Constructive Theories)
Misconceptions of Career Counseling: ´"Career counseling is separated from the person"
´Everything is integrated, not separated. A person comes with a career problem may in fact reflect his/her person problems, and vice versa.
´Always focus on the whole person and never underestimate the pain caused by career problem
´Include everything in career development to explore the whole person: self-concept, life style, social support system, expectations, pressure, and family backgrounds etc.
´How does work affect mental health?
´Work-related stress
´Chronic stress may lead to burnout, and affect psychological and physical health, likely to affect job and life satisfaction
´Long lasting mental health problems (depression, anxiety, low self-esteem) even after unemployment ends and may spill over into work roles
´How mental health issues affect work?
´Acute or chronic mental health concerns
´Counseling for non-career concerns but those that affect work and career
´How mental health issues affect work?
´Increase likelihood of job loss, unemployment, or underemployment
´Mental health issues may not be recognized as contributing factor
´Personality disorder a chronic mental health Career decisions
On-the-job performance
Occupational functioning and successissue
Reaction to job loss
On-the-job pressure
Management style
Relationships with coworkers
Misconceptions of Career Counseling: ´"Career counseling is a rational process; career decision is solely based on data analysis"
´Emotions, subjective aspects, and person's self-knowledge are all involved. Giving information is involved, but not all.
´Always begin with client's feeling
Misconceptions of Career Counseling: ´"Career counseling only makes decision at one point in life"
´Career development is a life-long process
´An increasingly dynamic process that is not necessarily concerned with initial job placement
´Dental Model (Goodman, 1994): consumers consult a career counselor for regular dental checkups.
Misconceptions of Career Counseling: ´"There is only one right exact choice"
´No choice is without drawback; what we do is to make choice among good alternatives
´Choices are meaningless without alternatives
´Generating alternatives is very important in career counseling
´"Decide" is a risky word when it rules out other alternatives
Misconceptions of Career Counseling: ´Decision-making is irreversible"
´Can be changed to another, and should try not to cut off the alternatives in the future
´Role of career counselors
´To help people:
´Understand themselves and possible work options
´Translate understanding into jobs and careers
´Has changed with the world of work and been influenced by the economic structure
´Make choices about their work and personal lives
´Make meaning of that work in their lives
´Frank Parsons' model: three steps in vocational guidance (Parsons, 1909, p. 5)
´(1) a clear understanding of oneself, one's aptitudes, abilities, ambitions, resources, limitations, and their causes
´(2) a knowledge of the requirements and conditions of success, advantages and disadvantages, compensation, opportunities, and prospects in different lines of work
´(3) true reasoning on the relations of these two groups of facts
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