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Quiz Answers

Terms in this set (73)

Which of the following are the two key ingredients needed for teachers to master a variety of perspectives and strategies in order to be flexible in their application?
Professional knowledge and skills, and commitment and motivation
If the results of correlational research indicate that two traits are highly correlated, then one trait most likely is the cause of the other.
False: Correlation is not causation. Some other factor could cause the trend.
Which of the following researchers, during the late 1880s, argued for the importance of observing classrooms for improving education?
William James
Educational researchers make naturalistic observations of children in all of the following settings except which one?
Laboratories
Effective teachers only use assessment to document their students' performance after instruction.
False: Effective teachers not only use assessment to document student performance after instruction, but also before and during instruction.
A teacher who is unable to orient the class toward classroom tasks and lacks a repertoire of strategies for dealing with off-task behavior is lacking in _______, which is an area identified as necessary for effective teaching.
classroom management skills
Several teachers have decided to conduct research on how to improve some of the educational practices at their school. They want to be able to accomplish this immediately and will only be conducting this in their school. What type of research is being conducted in this scenario?
Action research
Brianna is completing her reading comprehension questions. Her teacher keeps interrupting her work to check it; however, Brianna performs well on reading comprehension and can do this task without the help of her teacher. According to Vygotsky, is reading comprehension in Brianna's zone of proximal development?
No, because she can complete it on her own.
Language is highly ordered and organized according to which systems of rules?
Phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics
Which of the following examples demonstrates the emotional domain of moral development?
Maria is angry with her classmate.
Which of the following individuals is in Kohlberg's social contract stage of moral reasoning?
Casey obeys the teacher because she understands that the only way that a classroom and a school can run effectively is if all of the students behave appropriately.
Which statements reflect Kohlberg's conventional morality?
"Buckle up. It's the law."
Which of the following provides the best example of how the exosystem, as described by Bronfenbrenner, influences education?
The local government approves increased funding for public school libraries.
Which of the following provides the best example of how the macrosystem, as described by Bronfenbrenner, influences education?
Teachers go on strike in response to salary cuts.
A student with the reflective style of learning would most likely display which of the following behaviors?
Taking longer than most students to answer a question during class
Which of the following statements about the placement of children with disabilities is true?
Nearly 50 percent of U.S. students with disabilities spend 80 percent of the school day in regular classrooms.
In operant conditioning, reinforcement occurs when
The stimulus increases the frequency of an undesired response.
Several weeks ago, Jonathan bought a new car. For the first few weeks, the buzzer went off every time he started the car because he had forgotten to buckle his seatbelt. Now, he always buckles his seatbelt as soon as he sits down, before starting the car. Which of the following is the conditioned stimulus?
Sitting in the car
When a student creates a poster, we can observe his or her mental processes.
False
Everything we know is learned.
False
A social studies teacher frequently ignores the quiet child in the social studies class. As time passes, the quiet child becomes restless and disruptive whenever she is in the social studies classroom, even when a substitute teacher is in charge. Which of the following is the unconditioned stimulus?
The teacher's tendency to ignore the child
In operant conditioning, extinction occurs when
A previously reinforced response is no longer reinforced, and the response decreases.
Kathy's heart rate increases every time she goes down a certain hallway at school. The boy that she likes has a locker in that hallway, and he often stands beside his locker and talks with friends. In the preceding scenario, which of the following is best described as the conditioned stimulus?
The hallway where the boy's locker is located
Knowledge about how to swim is most likely to be stored in long-term memory as which of the following?
Procedural knowledge
Which of the following best describes "algorithms"?
Utilizing strategies guaranteed to provide a solution
The first step in solving a problem is to develop good problem-solving strategies.
False
When assigning children to groups, it is best to have approximately equal numbers of boys and girls.
True
If a teacher is utilizing essential questions, what is he doing?
Using questions that reflect the core of the curriculum
Which of the following refers to "the Web"?
A hypermedia retrieval system
Which of the following statements provides the best description of synthesis?
To combine elements to create new information
Students show improved achievement when a framework is established for new material. This helps orient students toward learning the material.
True
Critics of learner-centered instruction argue that it gives insufficient attention to the process of learning and too much attention to academic content.
False
According to Robert Yinger (1980), teachers should consider all of the following when planning for instruction except which one?
Over-plan so that changing circumstances do not interrupt planned activities and goals
Which of the following is not a suggested strategy for using technology in the classroom?
Focus on technology that focuses on students' independent problem solving.
How would you describe "the Internet"?
The core of computer-mediated communication
Which learning principle refers to using a variety of thinking and reasoning strategies to reach learning goals?
"Strategic thinking"
Which of the following is not one of the time-spans for teacher planning as developed by Robert Yinger?
Quarterly planning
The ______ principle stresses the importance of learning tasks being at the appropriate level for students.
"developmental influences on learning"
Which of the following statements provides the best description of knowledge?
To remember a list of information
For which grades did Cooper (1998) find that it was easier to assign focused and substantive homework assignments that require students to integrate and apply information?
Grades 6 and higher
After a lackluster class discussion, Mr. Feldman reexamines the type of questions he is using. He turns to a text from one of his teacher preparation courses for some tips. Reading suggestions for facilitating class discussion, he finds that all of the following strategies are recommended, except which one?
Asking questions that can be answered with yes or no
After they ask a question during class, it is recommended that teachers wait approximately how long for students to answer the question before answering the question themselves?
3-5 seconds
When observing a classroom in which direct instruction is being used, one would most likely witness which of the following activities?
The teacher is demonstrating a new laboratory technique.
Mrs. Guerrero has developed key goals for each of her subject areas and is in the process of planning content and activities to reach those goals. She is deciding what is important to include and how to effectively teach it to her diverse students. Mrs. Guerrero is attending to which of the following?
Scope and sequence
Of the following items, which would best assess a student's ability to synthesize information?
Present evidence to support the claim that power plant emissions contribute to acid rain.
When Bloom originally presented his taxonomy, he described the six cognitive objectives as being hierarchically arranged. Under this arrangement, which of the following objectives was considered to be the lowest level?
Knowledge
Critics of learner-centered instruction argue that:
it gives too much attention to the process of learning.
What is "e-mail"?
Using the Internet to communicate with another individual
Failure syndrome refers to which of the following descriptions?
None of these
John is motivated by the need to excel. He enjoys the feeling of accomplishment he gets from mastering a task. Therefore, he doesn't understand his sister's apathy towards school. The only way she is motivated to do anything is by the teacher's offering the students endless toys and trinkets for good work. Which motivational perspective does his sister subscribe to?
Behavioral
Motivation experts worry that No Child Left Behind's emphasis on testing and accountability encourages mastery rather than performance motivation.
False
Mr. Silverman has taken great pains to fully consider the effectiveness of his classroom arrangement. He has made sure to evenly distribute art supplies at different points in the classroom, while still making them easily accessible. He has even made sure that he will be able to see each student and that each student can easily observe whole class presentations. Which of the four basic principles of classroom arrangement has he forgotten?
Reduce congestion in high-traffic areas.
Mr. Jacobson is involved in a serious discussion with one of his students. Mr. Jacobson asks Rani why she has taken such a defiant tone in class during the last couple of weeks. Rani responds that it isn't her fault that her opinions are not allowed to be heard and she feels it is because she is a female. Mr. Jacobson refuses to accept this possibility and calmly explains how he has allowed her to voice her opinion on numerous occasions along with the other girls in the class. Which of the following best captures Mr. Jacobson's response to Rani's blaming?
He is helping Rani to take responsibility for her behavior.
Mr. Hanson's tenth-grade students have just entered the classroom and are heading toward their seats. Mr. Hanson stands at his desk in the front of the room, ready to begin teaching. Two boys are standing and talking quietly in the back of the room. Which of the following strategies is the most appropriate "first step" for Mr. Hanson to use when handling this situation?
Mr. Hanson should introduce today's topic as a signal that class is beginning.
Mr. Harmon is aware that Steven has been repeatedly picking on Ricky for the third day in the row. Today he intervenes. Which of the following would be his best approach?
He asks two students that he had last year to monitor the situation outside of Mr. Harmon's class.
Ms. Yang is planning to rearrange her classroom in preparation for a new unit in which students will be working in small groups on projects for the upcoming science fair. Which of the following classroom arrangements is least suitable?
Seminar style
Of the following suggestions, which is not recommended as a wise test-taking strategy?
Try to answer the most difficult items first.
Because of the potential for bias in standardized tests, it is important to assess students using a variety of methods.
True
All of the following are facets of No Child Left Behind, except which one?
All teachers who are not considered "highly qualified" will be put on public probation with the potential for dismissal.
Within NCLB legislation, schools that fail to make adequate yearly progress (AYP) for two consecutive years are labeled "underperforming." All of the following statements concerning underperforming schools are true, except which one?
Underperforming schools will be required to open after-school tutoring programs.
In a recent analysis of state-by-state comparisons of academic standards, most states have set the bar high with rigorous standards.
False
When a middle-class, white, male student takes a nationally standardized test, his final score is computed on the basis of a norm group of similar middle-class, white, male students.
False
Some performance assessments also require someone other than the teacher to evaluate the assessment. Who might this be?
Self-evaluation by student
Is this item (item 49) an example of a selected-response item?
Yes, because the student must choose the best answer from a list of answers provided.
Norm-referenced grading refers to the policy of comparing students' performance to that of their peers.
True
A best-work portfolio accomplishes which of the following goals?
Shows a collection of the student's most outstanding work
Reliable measures are stable, dependable, and relatively free of errors of measurement.
True
Julie Carson's mentoring teacher offers advice about scoring essays. Which strategy below should Julie avoid?
Avoid writing comments on student papers so that students cannot complain about scores.
Validity refers to the extent to which a test does which of the following?
Measures what it is intended to measure
Grade level and age tend to be good predictors of children's development.
False
If Ms. McConnell wanted to ensure that her third-grade students met the second of the technology standard for students to achieve technology literacy, what would she need to have them work on?
Using digital media and contexts to work collaboratively to improve learning
Because of the potential for bias in standardized tests, it is important to assess students using a variety of methods.
True
Failure syndrome refers to which of the following descriptions?
None of these
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