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BIOL 2420 Ch 5 and 6

Terms in this set (40)

inflammation
non-specific response to any agent that causes cell injury
characteristics and signs of inflammation
heat, redness, tenderness, swelling, and pain.
_____ seek to devour the foreign material causing inflammation.
neutrophils
_____ arrive after neutrophils to devour leftover debris and dead cells.
machrophages
neutrophils and macrophages are _______
phagocytes
a fluid that often accumulates at inflammation sites.
exudate
relatively clear fluid often found in blisters
serous exudate
a yellowish fluid with a high amount of dead cells
purulent exudate
a fluid with a high amount of the blood protein fibrinogen, leads to a sticky film at inflammation site
fibrous exudate
a fluid with a red appearance due to the presence of blood from damaged capillaries
hemorrhagic exudate
a non-functional type of tissue used to patch up damaged areas
scar tissue
true or false: scar tissue can lead to some loss of function within the tissue.
true
non-specific resistance
innate response
specific resistance
acquired immune system
The innate system involves a first line of defense that is primarily ________.
structural
examples of the innate response first line of defense
skin, mucous membrane
____ prevents invasion due to its thickness, toughness, dryness, and acidic nature
skin
_____ ______ prevent infection due to stickiness and anti-bacterial properties.
mucous membranes
Innate immunity: four aspects of the second line of defense
phagocytes, antimicrobial proteins, fever, and inflammation
this phagocyte patrol the mucous membranes and are effective against parasites and allergens.
eosinophils
products released by cells and tissues undergoing
invasion to slow progression and help the body overcome foreign material
antimicrobial proteins
released by virally-infected cells to warn other cells and to trigger their own death via leukocyte
interferons
a series of 30+ proteins released for various reasons
complement system
an abnormal elevation of body temperature
fever
functions of the fever response (3)
promotes interferon activity, accelerates tissue repair, and inhibits the reproduction of bacteria and viruses
true or false: the acquired immune system remembers pathogens it encounters to respond more quickly if a second exposure occurs.
true
the two classes of B lymphocytes
plasma cells and memory cells
analyze the foreign antigens and produce immunoglobulins during the current invasion
plasma cells
continue to make antibodies from previous infections, sometimes for years
memory cells
T lymphocytes
a subset of the lymphocyte class that focus on currently-infected cells, cancer cells, and help coordinate the entire response
a type of T lymphocyte especially good at attacking virally-infected cells
cytotoxic T lymphocytes
helper T cells
stimulate plasma cells to make antibodies
natural killer cells
non-specific, targeting any virally-infected cell and cancer cell
naturally active immunity
exposure to naturally-occurring pathogen leads to
antibody production and memory
naturally passive immunity
child receives antibodies from moth
artificially active immunity
a dead or weakened version of the pathogen or
its antigens are purposely injected into the person to activate their immune response (vaccines)
artificially passive immunity
antibodies are directly injected into the patient
hypersensitivity
overreactive immune response to a typically
harmless substance (allergic reaction)
autoimmune disorder
the immune system mistakenly attacks its own, healthy cells as if they are foreign
immunodeficiency
a condition in which a component(s) of the immune
system is/are ineffective
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