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CH14 Antidepressants, Psychomotor Stimulants, and Lithium

Terms in this set (12)

1. 1st class of antidepressants developed

2. MOA: inhibit/block #1, allows the buildup of ____ (3)

3. Monoamine oxidase is an enzyme found in ____ and ____ nerve endings

4. Responsible for breaking down ____ and ___ (and ____) into metabolites that can be excreted by the kidney

5. Drugs (2)
1. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOis)

2. NE & 5-HT (and DA)

3. adrenergic and serotonergic

4. NE and 5-HT (and dopamine)

5. selegiline (Eldepryl)
selegiline (Emsam) - transdermal patch
Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs):
1. MOA: block the reuptake of ____ and ____ back into the neuronal nerve endings
-> increased ____ levels contribute to the antidepressant effect

2. Drug (2). which most drowsiness & weight gain and which tolerated side-effects?

3. adverse effects (4)
1. NE, 5-HT
synaptic

2. most drowsiness & weight gain: amitriptyline (Elavil)
More tolerated side-effects:
nortriptyline (Pamelor)

3. anticholinergic
alpha-blocking
cardiac
hepatic
1. dry mouth,
constipation, urinary retention, rapid
heartbeat

2. postural hypotension,
blurred vision, drowsiness

3. arrhythmias

4. jaundice of the liver (only while
taking the drug, resolves once treatment
ends

5. These are the side effect of?
1. anticholinergic

2. alpha-blocking

3. cardiac

4. hepatic

5. Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs):
1. MOA: Block the reuptake of ____ into ____nerve endings
-> ____ the concentration of serotonin in the ____
-> ____ stimulation of serotonin receptors
-> improved mood

2. 4 drugs
1.
serotonin, serotonergic

decrease, synaptic cleft

increased

2.
fluoxetine (Prozac)
citalopram (Celexa)
escitalopram (Lexapro)
sertraline (Zoloft)
1. Preferred therapy for treatment of major
depression, very well tolerated.

2. Also effective for? (2)

3. Adverse effects (3)
1. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs)

2. PTSD, OCD

3. ¨GI disturbances
¨Sexual dysfunction
¨Serotonin syndrome
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs):
1. MOA
2. 2 drugs
1. block the reuptake of both
norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5-HT)

2. venlafaxine (Effexor) - most commonly prescribed
duloxetine (Cymbalta) - low incidence of CNS activation
An Antidepressants with Additional MOA with:
¨ serotonin and norepinephrine receptor antagonists
¨ has been known to cause priapism
trazodone (Desyrel)
An Antidepressants with Additional MOA with:
¨ useful in the treatment of bipolar disorder
¨ reduces CNS effects of nicotine withdrawal
bupropion (Wellbutrin)
Psychomotor Stimulants:
1. Used to elevate mood and increase psychomotor activity - but not classified as ____.

2. Stimulate CNS by?

3. Used to treat (2)

4. Drug

5. What schedule?
antidepressants

2. INCREASE activity of NE and DA in the brain

3. narcolepsy and hyperactivity

4. amphetamine (Adderall)

5. Schedule II
1. This drug is similar to amphetamine, except users
report:
milder side effects
more pronounced effects on cognitive
function

2. What schedule
1. methylphenidate (Ritalin)

2. II
Psychomotor Stimulants (2)
amphetamine (Adderall)
methylphenidate (Ritalin)
1.
Used for the treatment of mania and bipolar mood disorder.

2. MOA: Because #1 chemical properties are so similar to ____, it interferes with nerve impulse conduction
= ____ nerve tissue excitability

3. Administered as a?

4. Decreased ___ and ____ can lead to toxicity
lithium (Eskalith)

2. sodium (Na+)
decreases

3. salt (lithium carbonate) in the form of capsules

4. sodium intake and hyponatremia
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