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Neurocognitive disorders, personality disorders

Terms in this set (32)

3 subtypes of delirium
hyperactive, hypoactive, mixed
tool to assess delirium
Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)
illusion
(n.) a false idea; something that one seems to see or to be aware that really does not exist
Features of Lewy body dementia
- vivid hallucinations
-reacts adversely to antipsychotics
- Parkinsonian extrapyramidal signs and postural instability
3 assessment tools for dementia
Montreal Cognitive assessement (MoCA), Mini-Cog, St. Louis Univ mental status exam (SLUMS)
amaurosis fugax
unilateral transient vision loss, "curtain over eye"
2 areas of the "reward center"
ventral tegmental area, nucleus accumbens
natural morphine-like neurotransmitters that further stimulated dopamine
neuropeptides
CAGE screening
cut down, annoyed, guilty, eye opener
CAGE scoring
2- mild/mod risk for alcohol dependency
3-4- high risk for alcohol dependency
what symptom of alcohol withdrawal starts in the first 24-72 hours
delirium tremens
N-methyl-d-aspartate
treatment for substance withdrawal
disulfiram: do not administer until the person has been alcohol free for at least ____
12 hours
disulfiram: avoid using anything that contains alcohol while taking disulfuram and up to ____ after discontinuing
2 weeks
disulfuram can elevate _____
liver function tests
disulfiram can induce ___ in BP indiviudals
mania
Ego-systonic vs Ego-dystonic behavior patterns
patterns of behavior do not bother the person (do not seek help) vs. patterns of behavior that cause discomfort and concern
Cluster A personality disorders (3)
(odd, unusual, eccentric, asocial, distrust, suspiciousness)
paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal
Cluster B personality disorders (4)
(dramatic, affective, instability) antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcissistic
Cluster C personality disorders
(anxious) avoidant, dependent, obsessive-compulsive
object relations theory
a person's mind and sense of self develop in relation to others in the particular environment
cluster most likely to be hospitalized during periods of active symptoms, stress
Cluster B
Neither desires nor enjoys close relationships, chooses solitary activities, shows little to no interest in sexual activity with another person, derives no pleasure from social activities, lacks close friends or social supports, indifferent of opinion of others, appears cold and detached, affective flattening
Schizoid personality disorder
Ideas of reference, odd beliefs, magical thinking, unusual perceptual experiences, paranoid ideation, inappropriate or constricted affect, odd behavior, eccentric or peculiar, few or no close friends, excessive social anxiety
Schizotypal personality disorder
failure to conform to social norms, repeated acts that can be cause for arrest, deceitfulness, lying, use of aliases for profit or pleasure, impulsivity and failure of future planning, reckless disregard for the welfare of others, irresponsibility, lack of remorse, indifference to feelings of others
antisocial personality disorder
Frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment, pattern of unstable, intense interpersonal relationships, identity disturbances, impulsivity often with self-damaging behavior, recurrent suicidal behavior, chronic feelings of emptiness, inappropriate intensified affective anger responses, transient psychotic symptoms of paranoia and dissociation
borderline personality disorder
uncomfortable in situations in which he or she is not center of attention, interactions with others are characterized by inappropriate seductive or sexualized or provocative behavior, rapid shifting, shallow emotional responses, consistent use of physical appearance to draw attention to self, speech excessively impressionistic and lacking in detail, suggestible and easily influenced, relationships considered more intimate than they are
histrionic personality disorder
grandiose sense of self-importance, reoccupation with fantasies of power, success, brilliance, and beauty, belief of self-importance and being special and unique, excessive admiration required, unreasonable expectations or sense of entitlement, interpersonally exploitative, empathy lacking, envy of others and belief that others envy, arrogant or haughty behaviors
narcissistic personality disorder
avoidance of activities involving significant interpersonal contact, fear of criticism, disapproval, or rejection, unwillingness to be involved with people unless sure of being liked, restraint in intimate relationships for fear of being shamed, preoccupation with being criticized or rejected in social settings, view of self as socially inept, personally unappealing, or inferior, unusual reluctance to take personal risks or engage in new activities.
avoidant personality disorder
difficulty making everyday decisions without excessive advice, needing others to assume responsibility for most areas of life, difficulty expressing disagreement, difficulty initiating projects by himself or herself, going to excessive lengths to obtain nurturing and support from others, urgent seeking of another relationship if a close relationship ends, unrealistic preoccupation with fears of being left alone
dependent personality disorder
preoccupation with details, rules, order, and organization, perfectionism that interferes with task completion, excessive devotion to work and productivity, overly conscientious, scrupulous, and inflexible on issues of morality, inability to discard worn-out or worthless objects, reluctance to delegate tasks or work with others, adoption of a miserly spending style towards self and others, rigidity and stubborness
obsessive-compulsive personality disorder
pharmacological management of impulsivity and affective instability in personality disorders
SSRIs and anticonvulsant mood stabilizers.
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