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Pharmacology Test 2 M4

Terms in this set (89)

Diurectics
Depletion of sodium which reduces blood volume. Increase urine volume.
Sympathoplegic agents
decrease PVR, inhibit cardiac function, and increase venous in capacitance vessels (reduces CO).
Direct vasodilators
Relax vascular smooth muscle, dilating resistance vessels
RAAS blocking agents
inhibit production or action of angiotensin, reducing PVR
Thiazide Diuretics MOA
Initially decrease BP by decreasing BP, long term decrease PVR. Inhibit NA reabsorption in distal tubules (increased excretion of NA, water and K)
Thiazide Diuretics Indications
mild to moderate HTN, HF. Can be combined with loop diuretics for synergistic effects (causes marked diuresis).
Thiazide Diuretics ADE
Decreased K, Mg, Na. Increased Ca, uric acid, glucose, LDL, triglycerides. Rash, photosensitivity, hypovolemia, weakness, fatigue, paresthesias.
Thiazide Diuretics contraindications
renal failure, hepatic cirrhosis.
Pt education for diuretics
take in AM, daily weights, watch for s/s orthostatic hypotension.
Thiazide Diuretics Drugs
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ), chlorthalidone, metolazone (Zaroxolyn).
Loop Diuretics MOA
selectively inhibit NaCL/K reabsorption in the loop of Henle. Most effective diuretic agent.
Loop Diuretics Indications
Decrease volume in heart failure, acute pulmonary edema, acute hypercalcemia, hyperkalemia.
Commonly prescribed loop diuretics
Bumetanide (Bumex), Furosemide (Lasix), Torsemide (Demadex).
Loop Diuretics ADE
Ototoxicity, hyperuricemia, hypomagnesemia, severe hypovolemia, hypokalemia, hypotension. Allergic rxns (interstitial nephritis). Pt may be allergic is severe allergy to sulfonamides.
Potassium-Sparing Diuretics MOA
Spironolactone & Eplerenone. Aldosterone antagonists in the tubules. Dependent on renal prostaglandin production (inhibited by NSAIDS).
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