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Mercyb US History Unit 2

Terms in this set (36)

Electoral College
a group of people named by each state legislature to select the president and vice president
Election of 1824
"corrupt bargain" and backroom deal for JQ Adams to win over Jackson
Louisiana Territory
President Thomas Jefferson purchased this land from France in 1803, it doubled the size of the United States.
13th Amendment
ended slavery
Indian Removal Act
removed indians from southern states and put them on reservations in the midwest
Alamo
Mission in San Antonio where in 1836 Mexican forces under Santa Anna besieged and massacred American rebels who were fighting to make Texas independent of Mexico
Bear Flag Revolt
A revolt of American settlers in California against Mexican rule. It ignited the Mexican War and ultimately made California a state.
President Polk
President during the Mexican War
Manifest Destiny
the belief that the United States was destined to stretch across the continent from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean
Popular Sovereignty
The concept that a States people should vote whether to be a slave state or Free
Fugitive Slave Law
Mandated that northern states forcibly return escaped slaves to their owners in the South.
Impressment
British practice of taking American sailors and forcing them into military service - helped begin the War of 1812
The Great Compromiser
nickname for Henry Clay based on his role in Congress finding ways to keep north & south from breaking apart
Harriet Tubman
Former slave who helped slaves escape on the Underground Railroad
Harriet Beecher Stowe
United States writer of a novel about slavery that advanced the abolitionists' cause (1811-1896)
Spoils System
The practice of rewarding supporters with government jobs. Jackson made this practice famous for the way he did it on a wide scale.
John Brown
abolitionist who was hanged after leading an unsuccessful raid at Harper's Ferry, Virginia (1800-1858)
Robert E Lee
Leader of the Confederate Army
Ulysses S Grant
Union General who went on to become President
Andrew Johnson
17th president of the United States, came to office after Lincoln's assassination and opposed Radical Republicans; he was impeached
Emancipation Proclamation
Lincoln issued it and freed all the slaves in the Confederate states, but slaves in Border States loyal to the Union remained enslaved. It only applied to states in rebellion (Confederate states). It led to slaves rebelling and joining the Union army and increased sympathy from Europe.
William Sherman
Union General who destroyed South during "march to the sea" from Atlanta to Savannah, example of total war
Reconstruction
the period after the Civil War in the United States when the southern states were reorganized and reintegrated into the Union
Carpetbaggers
Northerners who went to the South after the Civil War to profit financially from the confused and unsettled conditions
14th Amendment
Declares that all persons born in the U.S. are citizens and are guaranteed equal protection of the laws.
15th Amendment
citizens cannot be denied the right to vote because of race, color , or precious condition of servitude
Anglos
American settlers in Texas
Santa Anna
Mexican general and dictator whose large army failed to defeat the Texans
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Treaty that ended the Mexican War, granting the U.S. control of Texas, New Mexico, and California in exchange for $15 million
Compromise of 1850
Includes California admitted as a free state, the Fugitive Slave Act, Made popular sovereignty in most other states from Mexican- American War
Missouri Compromise
Allowed Missouri to enter the union as a slave state, Maine to enter the union as a free state, prohibited slavery north of latitude 36˚ 30' within the Louisiana Territory (1820)
Bleeding Kansas
Conflict over the expansion of slavery into the Kansas Territory during its transition to statehood. Free-Staters battled slavery supporters with violence.
Know Nothing Party
Political party of the 1850s that was anti-Catholic and anti-immigrant
Secession
the withdrawal of eleven Southern states from the Union in 1860 which precipitated the American Civil War
Radical Republicans
Political party that favored harsh punishment of Southern states after civil war
KKK
Southern society formed in 1866 to prevent freed men and women from exercising their rights and to help whites regain power
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