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Chapter 13

Terms in this set (28)

Which of the following types of medical items requires sterilization?
needles
Which of the following is suitable for use on tissues for microbial control to prevent infection?
antiseptic
Which biosafety level is appropriate for research with microbes or infectious agents that pose moderate risk to laboratory workers and the community, and are typically indigenous?
BSL-2
Which of the following best describes a microbial control protocol that inhibits the growth of molds and yeast?
fungistatic
The decimal reduction time refers to the amount of time it takes to which of the following?
reduce a microbial population by 90%
Which of the following methods brings about cell lysis due to cavitation induced by rapid localized pressure changes?
ultraviolet radiation
Which of the following terms is used to describe the time required to kill all of the microbes within a sample at a given temperature?
thermal death
Which of the following microbial control methods does not actually kill microbes or inhibit their growth but instead removes them physically from samples?
filtration
Which of the following refers to a disinfecting chemical dissolved in alcohol?
tincture
Which of the following peroxygens is widely used as a household disinfectant, is inexpensive, and breaks down into water and oxygen gas?
hydrogen peroxide
Which of the following chemical food preservatives is used in the wine industry but may cause asthmatic reactions in some individuals?
sulfites
Bleach is an example of which group of chemicals used for disinfection?
halogens
Which chemical disinfectant works by methylating enzymes and nucleic acids and is known for being toxic and carcinogenic?
formaldehyde
Which type of test is used to determine whether disinfectant solutions actively used in a clinical setting are being used correctly?
in-use test
The effectiveness of chemical disinfectants has historically been compared to that of which of the following?
phenol
Which of the following refers to a germicide that can kill vegetative cells and certain enveloped viruses but not endospores?
low-level germicide
Sanitization leaves an object free of microbes.
false
Ionizing radiation can penetrate surfaces, but nonionizing radiation cannot.
true
Moist-heat sterilization protocols require the use of higher temperatures for longer periods of time than do dry-heat sterilization protocols do.
false
Soaps are classified as disinfectants.
false
Mercury-based compounds have fallen out of favor for use as preservatives and antiseptics.
true
A medical item that comes into contact with intact skin and does not penetrate sterile tissues or come into contact with mucous membranes is called a(n) ________ item.
noncritical
The goal of ________ ________ protocols is to rid canned produce of Clostridium botulinum endospores.
commercial sterilization
In an autoclave, the application of pressure to ________ is increased to allow the steam to achieve temperatures above the boiling point of water.
steam
Doorknobs and other surfaces in clinical settings are often coated with ________, ________, or ________ to prevent the transmission of microbes.
copper, nickle, zinc
If a chemical disinfectant is more effective than phenol, then its phenol coefficient would be ________ than 1.0.
greater
If used for extended periods of time, ________ germicides may lead to sterility.
high-level
In the disk-diffusion assay, a large zone of inhibition around a disk to which a chemical disinfectant has been applied indicates ________ of the test microbe to the chemical disinfectant.
susceptibility/sensitivity
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