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GOVT Ch. 4-5

Terms in this set (105)

The _____________ clause of the fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution guarantees that state governments will not arbitrarily deprive any person of life, liberty, or property
Due Process
The Lemon test, enunciated by the Supreme Court in 1971 to determine whether government aid to parochial schools is constitutional, states that the aid must __________
(1) be for clearly secular purpose; (2) neither advance nor inhibit religion in its primary effect; and (3) avoid "excessive government entanglement with religion"
The current Supreme Court standard for assessing the constitutionality of _____________ is the imminent lawless action test.
Subersive Speech
____________ is a published report of a falsehood that tends to injure a person's reputation of character
Libel
The Supreme Court's __________ doctrine states that certain freedoms are so essential to a democracy that any law that limits these freedoms should be presumed to be unconstitutional unless the government can show that the law is absolutely necessary
Perferred-Postion
Under the USA Patriot Act of 2001, the FBI is authorized to use ____________ to demand personal information about individuals from private companies such as banks and phone companies
"National Security Letters"
In, _______, the Supreme Court held that the "right to privacy...... is broad enough to encompass a woman's decision whether or not to terminate her pregnancy"
Roe v. Wade (1973)
The ____________ Amendment includes protection from unreasonable searches and seizures
Fourth
The Eighth Amendment prohibits _______
excessive bail and fines, as well as cruel and unusual punishments
A(n) __________ is an order requiring that an official bring a specified prisoner is being held
writ of habeas corpus
The Supreme Court has ruled that public schools ____________
cannot sponsor religious activities
The fifth Amendment ____________
includes a protection against self-incrimination
____________ states that illegally obtained evidence is not admissible in court
The exclusionary rule
A law based on a ______________, such as race, is subject to strict scrutiny by the courts
Suspect Classification
In Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) the Supreme Court established the ___________ doctrine which was used to justify racial segregation in many areas of life for nearly sixty years
seperate-but-equal
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