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Lab Medicine: Commonly Treated Conditions Highlights

Terms in this set (30)

What is the treatment of choice for group A streptococcus pharyngitis?

What is specifically preferred for young children?
penicillin (resistance to penicillin among clinical GAS isolates has not been documented)

amoxicillin (taste)
First line treatment for acute sinusitis in adults?
amoxicillin (or augmentin)
First line therapy for otitis media in adults?
augmentin
First line therapy for otitis media in peds with no recent beta-lactam therapy, no concomitant purulent conjunctivitis, and no history of recurrent AOM?
amoxicillin
First line therapy for otitis media in peds WITH recent beta-lactam therapy, concomitant purulent conjunctivitis, or a history of recurrent AOM unresponsive to amoxicillin?
augmentin
Empiric therapy for uncomplicated cystitis in peds?
cephalosporin (second or third generation)
empiric therapy for complicated cystitis in peds?
individualized according to clinical status
First line regimen for uncomplicated cystitis in adults? (4)
nitrofurantoin
TMP-SMX
fosfomycin
Pivmecillinam
First line regimen for complicated cystitis in adults? (2)
Fluoroquinolones (levo, cipro)
TMP-SMX
outpatient antibiotic therapy for CAP?
doxycycline (if macrolide resistance is high)
azithromycin
In the treatment of inpatient CAP, expand initial empiric therapy to include coverage for what bugs?
s. aureus, gram - enteric bacilli, atypicals
outpatient ABX regimen for diverticulitis w/ normal renal and hepatic function?
cipro or levo or TMP-SMX + metronidazole

(or augmentin alone)
How do you treat an initial episode or first or second recurrence of c. diff?

How do you treat third or subsequent recurrence?

How do you treat fulminant c. diff?
oral vancomycin

fecal microbiota transplant

enteral vanc + parenteral metronidazole
How do you treat asymptomatic BV in a non-pregnant or pregnant female?
no tx
How do you treat symptomatic BV in a non-pregnant female?
metronidazole or clindamycin

(orally or intravaginally)
How do you treat symptomatic BV in a pregnant female?
metronidazole or clindamycin (oral only)
how do you initially treat candida vulvovaginitis?
fluconazole (oral)
T/F: treatment of sexual partners of patients with candida vulvovaginitis is indicated
F
Which of the following is not considered a characteristic of complicated candida vulvovaginitis?

a. severe signs/symptoms
b. candida species other than C. albicans, particularly C. glabrata
c. pregnancy, poorly controlled diabetes, immunosuppression, debilitation
d. history of recurrent (≥3/year) culture-verified vulvovaginal candidiasis
all are
How do you treat complicated candida vulvovaginitis with severe symptoms or if the host is compromised?

How do you treat severe candida with vulvar inflammation (vulvitis), besides just using antifungals?
fluconazole

topical corticosteroids
how do you treat uncomplicated urogenital gonococcal infections?
cefriaxone + azithromycin
how do you treat gonorrhea?
cefriaxone + azithromycin (regardless of the results of chlamydia testing, both in a single dose)
T/F: gonorrhea may be treated with fluoroquinolones and doxycycline
F (not appropriate alternatives d/t increasing resistance, also just not not optimal therapy)
Treatment options for chlamydia
azithromycin

doxycycline
How do you treat M. genitalium?
azithromycin (if this fails, then moxifloxacin)
how do you treat T. vaginalis?
metronidazole or tinidazole
How do you treat herpes simplex virus?
acyclovir (or famciclovir, or valacyclovir)
how do you treat acute prostatitis? (2 options)
TMP-SMX

fluoroquinolones
how do you treat chronic prostatitis?
cipro
first line oral agent for a mild MRSA infection? (3)

parentreral agents for more severe MRSA infection?
TMP-SMX
tetracyclines
clindamycin

vanc
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