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SEM - Lesson 8
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Physics Final Review
Terms in this set (40)
Explain: All energy sources affect the environment. There is no such thing as a completely "clean" energy source.
Some energy sources like coal, oil, and natural gases are more harmful to the environment than renewable ones, but they all have an impact on the environment.
What is one pro and one con for the following energy source: Biomass
pro- abundant supply, con- transportation costs
What is one pro and one con for the following energy source: Coal
pro- abundant and relatively cheap to extract, con- emits harmful greenhouse gases
What is one pro and one con for the following energy source: Geothermal
pro- low environmental impact, con- expensive start up costs
What is one pro and one con for the following energy source: Hydropower
pro- reliable with no emissions, con- flood risk
What is one pro and one con for the following energy source: Petroleum (Oil and Gas)
Pro- efficient transportation fuel, con-nonrenewable
What is one pro and one con for the following energy source: Solar
pro- non-polluting, con- limited availability with high initial investments
What is one pro and one con for the following energy source: Uranium (Nuclear Energy)
Pro- no harmful emissions, con- expensive
What is one pro and one con for the following energy source: Wind
pro- renewable and affordable, con- noise and visual pollution, threat to wildlife
Do renewable energy sources impact the environment?
Any source of energy used risks environmental consequences like pollution, damage to public health, wildlife and habitat loss, water use, land use, and global warming emissions
Explain how the energy source works and what its environmental impact is: Wind power
Wind blows rotors on wind turbines which generates energy, but it uses a lot of land and is a hazard for wildlife.
Explain how the energy source works and what its environmental impact is: Solar power
Sunlight activates solar panels to generate electricity, can result in land degradation and habitat loss.
Explain how the energy source works and what its environmental impact is: Geothermal power
wells drill into the earth to pump out water that becomes steam which spins a turbine to create electricity, but it impacts water quality and some systems have harmful air emissions.
Explain how the energy source works and what its environmental impact is: Biomass for electricity
when energy from the sun is stored as chemical energy in living things, they can be burned to release energy, but it has harmful emissions into the atmosphere.
Explain how the energy source works and what its environmental impact is: Hydroelectric power
a turbine converts the energy of flowing water into mechanical energy, but necessary water release can have a negative impact on downstream plants and animals.
Explain how the energy source works and what its environmental impact is: Hydrokinetic power
energy is generated from the water's kinetic energy, could cause damage to marine life and habitats.
Give some examples of one kind of energy being converted to another.
gas makes cars run by converting chemical energy to mechanical energy, a car battery helps the car run by converting electrical energy into mechanical energy, potential energy in TVs are become light and sound energy, food gives humans energy to do things by converting chemical energy into energy to work, when a light is turned on electrical energy becomes light energy, a fan turns electrical energy into kinetic energy, turning on an electric stove turns electric energy into heat energy, during photosynthesis, plants transform light energy from the sun into chemical energy
What is energy?
the ability to do work
What does "energy is conserved" mean?
it is not created or destroyed so it remains constant
What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?
energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred.
What types of energy are there?
thermal, chemical, nuclear, electrical, sound, kinetic, potential, light, etc.
Explain how energy is conserved when you break in a pool game.
the amount of energy put into the cue ball is conserved throughout all things that come from that
How does heat affect energy transfer?
energy transfers from the hotter object to the cooler object
Describe three ways that heat energy can be transferred.
heat energy transfers from the sun to the earth, heat energy from a flame of a candle will radiate through the air near the flame, heat energy from a hot stove transfers to the pan on top of the stove
Explain the statement: "Unstable systems will become more stable with time."
systems work to stabilize themselves but it could take billions of years.
When you break in the pool game, what kinds of energy are produced from the energy of the cue ball? energy of motions of the other balls and sound energy
...
What can light energy convert to? Give an example.
chemical energy through photosynthesis
What can electrical energy convert to? Give an example.
electrical energy can convert to mechanical energy when turning on a fan
What can heat energy convert to? Give an example.
LED lights convert heat energy into light energy
What determines the amount of energy that flows, and how quickly it flows?
the heat energy and size
Where does that energy that fuels your daily activities come from?
food (chemical energy) that we turn into mechanical energy
Describe conversion of energy from potential to kinetic and vice versa.
potential energy becomes kinetic energy when a still object begins to move, likewise kinetic energy becomes potential energy when a moving object comes to a stop.
What happens to the energy in a pendulum?
The energy switches between potential and kinetic energy, some of the energy is converted into heat into the environment.
What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?
energy is not created or destroyed, only transformed.
What is energy conversion?
the process of changing from one energy form to another
List eight types of energy that can be converted from one form to another.
light energy to heat energy, electrical energy to light energy, chemical energy to electrical energy, thermal energy to heat energy, mechanical energy to electrical energy, nuclear energy to light energy, solar energy to heat energy, solar energy to electrical energy
List four examples of energy conversion that you may experience in your daily activities.
a moving car transforms chemical energy into kinetic energy, hydroelectricity transforms kinetic energy of water into electrical energy, an object falling towards the ground went from potential energy to kinetic energy, boiling water on a stove transfer electrical energy into heat energy
Describe three early examples of energy conversion.
fires transform mechanical energy into heat energy, waterwheels transformed kinetic energy of water to mechanical energy for other uses, windmills convert wind energy into mechanical energy
Describe three examples of energy conversion that were key to the Industrial Revolution.
steam engines convert thermal energy into mechanical energy, newcomen engine converts thermal energy into mechanical energy, wat's engine converts thermal energy into mechanical energy
How do these examples of energy conversion affect the total energy in a system?
Energy is only transferred, never created or destroyed, so total energy remains constant
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