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CNA State Exam

Terms in this set (97)

normal respiration for residents
12-20
loss of ability to express oneself
aphasia
A sitting or semi-sitting position with the head of the bed elevated is called
High Fowler's
To count respirations, one respiration includes
1 inhalation and 1 exhalation
Signs of poor circulation
paleness, cold skin, edema
edema
Swelling caused by the collection of fluid in connective tissue
If the resident is smoking and the nurse aide needs to take an oral temperature, what should the nurse aide do?
wait 15 minutes to take the temperature
decubitus ulcer
bed sore
Which of the following is true regarding the use of side rails on a bed?
side rails shouldn't be raised unless stated in the care plan
Diabetes mellitus makes a resident more prone to develop
infections
Elderly residents sometimes appear stooped over and seem to have lost height. This is due to
osteoporosis in the spinal column
There are two kinds of restraints
physical and chemical
When dry, hard stool fills the rectum and will not pass, it is called
impaction
Which of the following is a proper way to correct an error in charting?
draw a single line through it. DO NOT scribble it out or use multiple lines.
A nurse aide is assigned to a stroke patient with a diagnosis of aphasia. The nurse aide knows that
the resident cannot talk
Constipation and indigestion can result from
slowed peristalsis
A Hepatitis B vaccination protects the person receiving it against a disease that affects
the liver
a vitamin C deficiency, pnemonia, and heart attacks are associated with what?
smoking
Mrs. Shumway's nursing care plan lists CHF (Congestive Heart Failure) as her primary dx. (diagnosis). You would expect her ADL routine to include which of the following?
daily A.M. weight measurement
The equipment you need for oral care of an unconscious client includes
toothette/ mouthswab
Which of the following is the most comfortable position for a client with a respiratory problem?
Fowler's
When operating a manual bed, the nurse aide should remember to
fold the cranks under the bed
Which of the following best helps reduce pressure on the bony prominences?
flotation mattress
Which type of fire can be put out with water?
paper
Which of the following is NOT considered a way to restrain a client?
pain management
What is an embolism?
A piece of a blood clot that enters the bloodstream
What is a pulse oximeter used to measure?
the amount of O2 in the blood
Supine position is
lying on back, facing upward
The term atrophy refers to an organ or tissue becoming
smaller because of underuse
Objective data is any information that is fact. This means that the information is unbiased and multiple people should be able to interpret the information in the same way. Which of the following is NOT an example of objective data?
the patient's pain level
If a nurse aide needs to wear a gown to care for a patient in isolation, the nurse aide should
take the gown off before leaving the room
The proper temperature for a soapsuds enema is
105 degrees Fahrenheit
The nurse aide is making an occupied bed. Which of the following is the most restorative approach?
encourage the resident to help
A patient is leaving the hospital. The family has been told to give her medications "bid." The wife asks what that means. The nurse aide tells her to give the medications
twice a day
A button hook and a sock assist are part of what kind of nursing care?
restorative and rehabilitative
A patient has had hip surgery. Her legs should be
abducted
The role of an ombudsman is
work with the nursing home to protect client's rights
When getting dressed, a client always wants to wear her favorite outfit. What is a good solution?
ask the family to get several identical outfits
Toward the end of the day, residents with dementia commonly experience which of the following?
Sundown Syndrome
The Global Deterioration Scale (GDS) helps caregivers understand how people with dementia decline over time. Which of the following stages has no signs of dementia?
stage two
aphasia
impairment of language, usually caused by left hemisphere damage either to Broca's area (impairing speaking) or to Wernicke's area (impairing understanding).
bed cradle
keeps the linens from touching the skin of lower extremities
what can happen with a cataract or glaucoma?
loss of vision
what should you do if a doctor tells you to put in an I.V?
refuse; out of your scope of practice
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing
you have four patients. who do you go to first?
the one going out the door
(Hepatitis) Which one can you catch from fecal matter?
Hepatitis A
how many mL's is in one ounce?
30 mL
NPO
nothing by mouth
PO
by mouth
Plate Guard
-a curved piece of plastic that slides onto one side of a plate to prevent slippage.
-Used to help pt scoop food.
position for back massage?
Fowler's
Pronation
movement that turns the palm down
how do you clean a prosthetic eye?
soapy tap water
what do you do first with a UA specimen?
put it in a bag
what is an artificial limb called?
prosthesis
what position do you use for bedpan?
Fowler's
who helps patients with ADLs?
occupational therapist/therapy
TID
three times a day
what side does the walker cane go on?
the stronger side while the CNA stands on the weak side
where is the apical pulse?
heart
what do you use to brush dentures?
hard bristle brush
what kind of patient would use a quad cane?
cerebral vascular accident
how do you brush an unconscious patient's teeth?
put them on their side and use a mouthswab/ toothette
putting an unconscious person on their side prevents
aspiration
how to prevent odors with a stoma
avoid gassy foods
position of patient with a feeding tube?
raise up (Fowler's)
where is saliva found?
sputum
what should you do if a patient's pulse Ox is 82?
tell the nurse
if a patient's fingers are too cold for a pulse ox, where would you put it to get a better reading?
ear lobe
gloves with blood on them; what do you do with them?
place them in a biohazard bag
where should you store a UA when doing a 24hr observation?
on ice or in the refrigerator
what should you do if a patient shows concern over their financial state?
contact the ombudsman
when does a patient use a fracture pan?
hip replacement surgery or any other surgery that would make it difficult for the pt to use a bedpan
Who orders restraints
doctors
when to notify nurse when measuring pulse oximetry?
if 90 or below
what food is considered a solid?
applesauce
apaxia
inhibits ability to accomplish movements & goals
how should a patient's legs be positioned when lying on their side?
top leg bent at the knee
What is validation therapy?
• Validating a person's feeling
• Focuses on helping the person work through the emotions behind challenging behaviors. These behaviors are often a way for individuals to communicate those emotions
** DEMENTIA ***
How is influenza spread?
respiratory/ airborne droplets
why are the elderly more prone to constipation?
slower digestive system
who is the first in chain of command for a CNA?
charge nurse
where are pressure ulcers most likely to occur?
over bony prominences
supine
lying on the back
nasogastric
pertaining to the nose and stomach
** feeding tube in nose **
99R; what does the R stand for?
rectal
what should you do when making an occupied bed?
make sure there aren't any wrinkles
cleaning solution
one part bleach with ten parts water
Nosocomial
hospital acquired infection
what is the purpose of OSHA?
Federally regulated safety in the workplace
you are NOT allowed to do this on a diabetic
cut toenails
make sure to always write ___________ ____________ while charting
your initials
what approach should the CNA use on a pt with advanced dementia?
front approach
when does the CNA perform post-mortem care?
immediately and respectfully
how often should you change a patient's restraints?
every two hours
Ombudsman
person assigned by law as the legal advocate for residents
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