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Gen Chem II 4th Exam

Terms in this set (73)

When the most common oxidation state of oxygen reacts with other elements, the result is a(n):
Oxide
The ability of an atom to accommodate more than 8 electrons in its outer shell is called:
Harpers phenonmenon
This crystalline form of carbon has a molecular form that resembles soccer balls.
Buckminsterfullerene
Metallic character ___________ from right to left within a period.
Increases
This element makes up 78% of the Earth's atmosphere.
Molecular nitrogen
Large quantities of hydrogen are produced by reacting ___________ with steam.
Methane
Compounds that contain O-O bonds in the oxidation state of -1 are called:
Peroxides
Over half of carbon on Earth occurs in ___________ compounds.
Carbonate
Identify this isotope of hydrogen 21H.
Deuterium
___________ is the most abundant element in the universe.
Hydrogen
Compounds formed between non-metals are considered:
Ionic Solids
Which of these elements can bond to more than 4 surrounding atoms?
P
This crystalline form of carbon is soft, black, slippery solid that consists of parallel sheet of carbon atoms.
Graphite
Which of these elements has the greatest metallic character?
K
2Li + H2 --------> 2LiH is an example of the production of:
Ionic Hydride
If a liquid will vaporize at room temperature, it is said to be:
Volatile.
In combustion reactions with oxygen, carbon containing compounds produce.
Carbon dioxide
The diatomic form of hydrogen is referred to as:
Molecular hydrogen
When a less electronegative element is combined with sulfur, this is produced:
Sulfide
Elements can be classified as:
All of the above.
(Non-metals, metals, semi-metals)
These are formed when hydrogen reacts with a transition metal:
Metallic hydride
The most common oxidation state of oxygen is:
-2
This microcrystalline form of carbon is formed when wood is heated strongly in the absence of air:
Charcoal
This oxide of carbon is formed when carbon or hydrocarbons are burned:
Carbon dioxide
Carbon will form binary compounds with metals, metalloids, and certain non-metals called:
Carbides
Electronegativity _____________ from right to left within a period:
Decreases
These carbides are formed by combining carbon with active metals:
Ionic
These carbides are formed by combining carbon with boron or silicon:
Covalent
These carbides are formed by combining carbon with transition metals:
Interstitial
Valence expansion of an atom will allow it to form more than ____ bonds with other elements or groups:
4
This is the only isotope of hydrogen that is radioactive:
Tritium
These are formed when hydrogen reacts with a non-metal or semi-metal:
Molecular hydride
Where is nearly all commercial oxygen obtained from?
Air
In combustion reactions with oxygen, hydrogen containing compounds produce:
Water
Na2O2 is called:
Sodium peroxide
Atomic radii ___________ from top to bottom within a group:
Increases
In combustion reactions with oxygen, nitrogen containing compounds produce:
Molecular nitrogen
Compounds formed between non-metals are considered:
Molecular
Atomic radii ___________ from right to left within a period:
Increases
This crystalline form of carbon is a hard solid in which the carbon atoms form a covalent network:
Diamond
Oxidation state is the same thing as:
Ionic charge
This is known as laughing gas:
N2O
An isotope is a form of an element that has a different:
Atomic weight?
The increase in energy levels of an atom will cause more attraction resulting in a __________ in atomic radius:
Increases?
Electronegativity______________ from bottom to top within a group:
Increases
One of the most important nitrogen compounds is:
Ammonia
This oxide of carbon is formed by the action of acids on carbonates:
Carbon monoxide?
Molecular nitrogen has what type of bond between the nitrogens?
Triple
This microcrystalline form of carbon is formed when coal is heated in the absence of air:
Coke
The ability of a metal to be drawn into wires means that it is:
Ductile
Dissolving the desired metal containing compound is a process called:
Leaching?
Which of these metals are ferromagnetic?
All.
Fe, Co, Ni.
When an atom or ion possesses one or more unpaired electrons, the substance is:
Paramagnetic
The science of extracting metals from their natural sources is called:
Metallurgy
Homogeneous mixtures in which the components are dispersed randomly and uniformly:
Solution alloy
When ferromagnetic solids are placed in a magnetic field, which direction do the electrons align?
In line with the field
The ability of a metal to be hammered into thin sheets means it is:
Malleable
The heating of an ore to bring about its decomposition and the elimination of a volatile product is called:
Calcination
A melting process in which materials formed in the course of chemical reactions separate into two or more layers is called:
Smelting
A thermal treatment that causes chemical reactions between the ore and the furnace atmosphere is called:
Roasting
Gold is concentrated from lower grade sources by the process of:
Cyanidation
Transition metals often exhibit multiple oxidation states
True
A material that contains more than one element and has the characteristic properties of metals is called:
Alloy
Improving the purity of a metal is called:
Refining
Solid inorganic compounds are called:
Minerals
Deposits that contain economically exploitable quantities or metals are called:
Ores
The portion of the environment that constitutes solid earth is called:
Lithosphere
For one of these to form, the component present in the interstitial positions between the solvent atoms must have smaller covalent radius than the solvent atoms.
Interstital alloy
Reducing a mineral to free metal by using heat is a process known as:
Pyrometallurgy
This portion of the earth provides most of the materials that we use:
Lithosphere
A compound that is formed when two metallic components have similar atomic radii is called:
Substitutional alloy
The extraction of metal from its ore by use of aqueous reactions is called
hydrometallurgy
Which of these minerals are commercially important sources of metal
incorrect: a and b
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