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MAT Math terms

Terms in this set (30)

absolute value
the magnitude of a number, irrespective of its sign. Written as a number inside verical lines I3I = 3 and I-3I = 3
acute angle
an angle measuring less that 90 degrees. a Triangle with three acute angles is called an acute triangle.
composite number
an integer that has more factors than one and itself; i.e., a nonprime integer greater than 1.
complementary angles
two angles whose measures add up to 90 degrees.
edge
a line segment formed by the intersection of two faces of a three-dimensional shape.
dividend
a number to be divided.
divisor
a number that divides into another number
ellipse
an oval shape, literally a set of points in a plane for which the sum of the distances from two points (called foci) is constant.
equilateral triangle
a triangle with three equal sides and three equal angles of 60 degrees.
face
a polygon formed by the edges of a solid.
hypotenuse
the side of a right triangle opposite the right angle. Always the longest side. If c is the hypotenuse and a and b are the legs of the right triangle, then c2 = a2 + b2
imaginary number
a number that cannot be represented on the number line because it contains a factor of i,
isosceles triangle a triangle with two sides of equal length.
legs
The two sides of a right triangle that are not the hypotenuse (i.e., are not opposide the right angle).
obtuse
An angle that meausres more than 90 degrees and less than 180. An obtuse triangle is one that has one obtuse angle.
parallelogram
A quadrilateral with two parallel sides.
perimeter
The sum of the lengths of the sides of a polygon. Two polygons with same area do not necessarily have the same perimeter.
pi
An irrational number represented by symbol. App. 3.14. Area of a circle - pi r 2.
Circumference of a circle
2 pi r
r
= radius
prime number
An integer greater than 1 that has no factors other than 1 and itself. The first ten are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 23, 29, and 31.
Pythagorean theorem
the rule that states, "For any right triangle, the sum of the squares of the legs is equal to the square of the hypotenuse."
a2 + b2 = c2
radical
square root symbol. With a little number written in, it represents a higher root.
radius
The length of a line segment connecting the center and a point on a circle. The radius is half the diameter.
real
Having a place on the number line..
reciprocals
A pair of numbers whose product is 1. To get reciprocal of a fraction, switch the numerator and denominator.
rhombus
A quadrilateral with four equal sides.
scalene triangle
A triangle with sides of different lengths. A 3-4-5 triangle is a scalene triangle.
supplementary angles
Two angles whose measures add to 180 degrees.
trapezoid
A quadrilateral with two parallel sides and two nonparallel sides.
torus
A doughnut shaped surface generated by a circle rotated about an axis in its plate that does no intersect the circle.
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