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Micro Chapter 14 Review Textbook Questions - UTA 2460 Dr. Parks

Terms in this set (32)

A scientist discovers that a soil bacterium he has been studying produces an antimicrobial that kills gram-negative bacteria. She isolates and purifies the antimicrobial compound, then chemically converts a chemical side chain to a hydroxyl group. When she tests the antimicrobial properties of this new version, she finds that this antimicrobial drug can now also kill gram-positive bacteria. The new antimicrobial drug with broad-spectrum activity is considered to be which of the following?
a. resistant
b. semisynthetic
c. synthetic
d. natural
b. semisynthetic
Which of the following antimicrobial drugs is synthetic?
a. sulfanilamide
b. penicillin
c. actinomycin
d. neomycin
a. sulfanilamide
Which of the following combinations would most likely contribute to the development of a superinfection?
a. long-term use of narrow-spectrum antimicrobials
b. long-term use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials
c. short-term use of narrow-spectrum antimicrobials
d. short-term use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials
b. long-term use of broad-spectrum antimicrobials
Which of the following routes of administration would be appropriate and convenient for home administration of an antimicrobial to treat a systemic infection?
a. oral
b. intravenous
c. topical
d. parenteral
a. oral
Which clinical situation would be appropriate for treatment with a narrow-spectrum antimicrobial drug?
a. treatment of a polymicrobic mixed infection in the intestine
b. prophylaxis against infection after a surgical procedure
c. treatment of strep throat caused by culture identified Streptococcus pyogenes
d. empiric therapy of pneumonia while waiting for culture results
c. treatment of strep throat caused by culture identified Streptococcus pyogenes
Which of the following terms refers to the ability of an antimicrobial drug to harm the target microbe without harming the host?
a. mode of action
b. therapeutic level
c. spectrum of activity
d. selective toxicity
d. selective toxicity
Which of the following is not a type of β-lactam antimicrobial?
a. penicillins
b. glycopeptides
c. cephalosporins
d. monobactams
b. glycopeptides
Which of the following does not bind to the 50S ribosomal subunit?
a. tetracyclines
b. lincosamides
c. macrolides
d. chloramphenicol
a. tetracyclines
Which of the following antimicrobials inhibits the activity of DNA gyrase?
a. polymyxin B
b. clindamycin
c. nalidixic acid
d. rifampin
c. nalidixic acid
Which of the following is not an appropriate target for antifungal drugs?
a. ergosterol
b. chitin
c. cholesterol
d. β(1→3) glucan
c. cholesterol
Which of the following drug classes specifically inhibits neuronal transmission in helminths?
a. quinolines
b. avermectins(Ivermectin)
c. amantadines
d. imidazoles
b. avermectins
Which of the following is a nucleoside analog commonly used as a reverse transcriptase inhibitor in the treatment of HIV?
a. acyclovir
b. ribavirin
c. adenine-arabinoside
d. azidothymidine
d. azidothymidine
Which of the following is an antimalarial drug that is thought to increase ROS levels in target cells?
a. artemisinin
b. amphotericin b
c. praziquantel
d. pleconaril
a. artemisinin
Which of the following resistance mechanisms describes the function of β-lactamase?
a. efflux pump
b. target mimicry
c. drug inactivation
d. target overproduction
c. drug inactivation
Which of the following resistance mechanisms is commonly effective against a wide range of antimicrobials in multiple classes?
a. efflux pump
b. target mimicry
c. target modification
d. target overproduction
a. efflux pump
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