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Anterior & Medial Thigh, Knee Joint

Terms in this set (45)

what goes through the obturator foramen?
obturator n., a., v.,
describe the valgus angle of the femur
knees coming in (knock-kneed)

increases compression on hip joint forces and decreases abductor efficiency
describe the varus angle of the femur
knees coming out (bowleg)

source of higher percentage of neck fracture
what is the terminating branch of the femoral n? what does it do?
saphenous n.

provides cutaneous innervation to medial lower leg
T/F: the IT band can be a source of knee pain due to a tight glut max
TRUE
what helps form the intermuscular septum that divides thigh compartments?
fascia lata
what are the quad muscles?
rectus femoris
vastus medialis
vastus lateralis
vastus intermedius
what is the function of the quad muscles/muscles of anterior thigh?
knee extension

except RF also flexes hip
what is the function of the sartorius m.?
flexes knee & thigh
abduct
lateral rotation
what is the function of the rectus femoris?
knee extension
hip flexion
what is the function of the gracilis m.?
medial rotation of leg
flexion
what is the primary hip flexor?
iliopsoas m.
what is the function of the pectineus? what innervates it?
adduct
flex thigh

femoral n. and obturator n.
what is the function of the muscles in the medial compartment of thigh?
adduction
what is the function of the obturator externis?
external hip rotator
what are the contents of the femoral triangle?
NAVEL
femoral n, a, v, empty space, lymph
what are the boundaries of the femoral triangle?
superior: inguinal ligament

lateral: sartorius muscle

medial: adductor longus
what are the contents of the femoral sheath?
femoral a, v, empty space, lymph
what are the contents of the adductor haitus?
femoral a + v
what are the contents of the adductor canal?
femoral a, v, saphenous n
what is the adductor haitus?
opening in the adductor magnus that transmits femoral vessels. into posterior thigh compartment

this is where femoral vessels becomes popliteal
where does the obturator n. run in relation to psoas major m.?
medial
describe arterial supply of the thigh
external iliac a. - femoral a -- deep femoral a - medial femoral circumflex a. - lateral femoral circumflex a - perforating branches
what ligament does the obturator a. go through?
ligamentum teres
what artery supplies the posterior thigh compartment?
deep femoral a and medial circumflex a.
what forms the hip anastamoses?
lateral femoral circumflex

medial femoral circumflex

gluteal aa.

1st perforating a.
what forms the anastomosis of the knee?
femoral a.
popliteal a.
anterior tibial a.
descending branch of lateral circumflex a
what drains the medial and anterior thigh?
great saphenous v.
what drains the posterolateral leg and foot into popliteal v.?
small saphenous v.
where do superficial lymph nodes drain?
great saphenous v and its tributaries
where do the deep inguinal nodes drain?
femoral v. and tributaries
where do popliteal lymph nodes drain?
popliteal v.
what type of joint is the tibiofemoral joint?
knee joint - modified synovial hinge joint
what is the function of the tibiofemoral joint?
flexion/extension
axial rotation when leg is flexed
what is the function of the patella?
adds leverage for the quads in extension
T/F: the patellofemoral joint is intimately related to the knee joint and is part of tibiofemoral articulation
FALSE: it is NOT part of tibiofemoral articulation
describe genu valgus motion
excessive tibiofemoral valgus angle

involves medial collateral ligaments

increases tension on medial collateral lig and compression on lateral collateral lig
describe genu varum motion
decreased tibiofemoral valgus angle

involves lateral collateral ligaments

varus - increases tension on lateral collateral lig and compression on medial collateral lig
describe the screw-hole mechanism
lateral rotation of tibia and medial rotation of femur in last degrees of full extension

locks knee into stable position
where is the pes anserinus located?
medial side of knee (surface of tibia)
what muscle thickens the posterior aspect of the knee?
semimembranosus
what is the function of the posterior cruciate ligament
limits posterior movement of tibia (relative to femur) and anterior movement of the femur (relative to tibia)
what is the function of the anterior cruciate ligament?
limits anterior movement of the tibia (relative to femur) and posterior movement of the femur (relative to tibia)
what is the function of the tibial collateral ligament (medial collateral ligament)?
limits excessive valgus and prevents abnormal abduction of leg
what is the function of the fibular collateral ligament (lateral collateral ligament)?
limits excessive varus and prevents adduction of legs
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