ch. 2: graphical models and frequencies

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Relative frequency distributions are generally more useful than frequency distributions when
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Relative frequency distributions are generally more useful than frequency distributions when
comparing large data sets of the same size.
One method of graphical presentation for qualitative data is a(n) ______.
pie chart
bar chart=
column chart
___ tables help us summarize the relationship between two____ variables
contingency and categorical
Which of the following BEST describes a frequency distribution for qualitative data?

it groups data into intervals called classes, and records the number of observations in each class.

It groups data into categories, and records the number of observations in each category.

It groups data into intervals called classes, and records the proportion (fraction) of observations in each class.

it groups data into histograms, and records the proportion (fraction) of observations in each histogram.
It groups data into categories, and records the number of observations in each category.
One method of graphical presentation for qualitative data is a _____.
bar chart
With respect to a bar chart, which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

A bar chart depicts a cumulative frequency distribution

A bar chart is a useful graphical tool for qualitative data.

Ogives and bar charts are essentially the same graph.
A bar chart is a useful graphical tool for qualitative data.
A(n) ______ is a segmented circle whose segments portray the relative frequencies of the categories of some qualitative variable.
pie chart
How many rows are there in a contingency table?
it depends on the number of y variables
____column charts help us summarize the relationship between two categorical variables.
stacked
The information in a contingency table can be shown graphically using aStacked column chartOne of the primary goals when constructing a frequency distribution for quantitative data is to summarize the data in a manner that...accurately depicts the data as a whole.A(n) ______ depicts the frequency or the relative frequency for each category of a qualitative variable as a series of horizontal or vertical bars, the lengths of which are proportional to the values that are depicted.bar chartWhich of the following statements is LEAST accurate? Multiple choice question. The rectangles of a histogram represent both the class width and frequency, or relative frequency, of the respective class. The rectangles of a histogram represent grouped data. The rectangles of a histogram are drawn with no space, or gaps, between them. The height of each rectangle represents cumulative frequency or cumulative relative frequency.The height of each rectangle represents cumulative frequency or cumulative relative frequency.A contingency table shows the frequencies for _____ categorical variables.2___tables help us summarize the relationship between two____variablescontingency; categoricalstacked column chartdesigned to give visual to more than one variableA polygon gives a general idea of the_____of a distributionshapeWhen constructing classes for a frequency distribution for quantitative data, which of the following statements is LEAST accurate? The classes should be exhaustive. In general, the classes should be the same width. The number of classes should equal the number of observations. The classes should be mutually exclusive.The number of classes should equal the number of observations.When constructing a histogram, what values/labels go on the horizontal (x) axis and the vertical (y) axes?Quantitative class limits on the horizontal axis; frequency or relative frequency on the vertical axis.you close the ogive at the _____ end by intersecting the x-axislower or leftWhich of the following graphical depictions are useful to observe the shape (distribution) of a data set for a single variable? Multiple select question. Histogram Stem-and-leaf diagram Scatterplot PolygonHistogram Stem-and-leaf diagram Polygon____ column charts help us summarize the relationship between two categorical variables.stackedOgivea graph that represents the cumulative frequencies or relative cumulative frequency of each class against the class limitIn descriptive statistics, a polygon is best described as agraph that plots the cumulative frequency or relative cumulative frequency of each class against the class upper limit.In a frequency distribution for a categorical variable, intervals aremutually exclusiveA ______ is a type of graph that allows researchers to examine the relationship between two variables.scatterplotA _______ connects a series of neighboring points where each point represents the midpoint of a particular class and its associated frequency or relative frequency.polygonWhich of the following graphical depictions displays cumulative data? Multiple choice question. Ogive Scatterplot Reason: Polygon Histogram Stem-and-leaf diagramogiveWhich of the following graphical depictions allows you to examine the relationship between two variables?ScatterplotWhich of the following graphical depictions are useful to observe the shape (distribution) of a data set for a single variable?Histogram Polygon Stem-and-leaf diagramIn descriptive statistics, a polygon is best described as agraph that plots the cumulative frequency or relative cumulative frequency of each class against the class upper limit.