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Applied Pathophysiology Topic 1 Module 1B

Terms in this set (19)

The nurse informs a patient that there are 23 pairs of chromosomes in most cells of the body. The patient asks, "I remember something different for the egg and sperm. How many do they have?"
Which response by the nurse is accurate?
"Egg and sperm cells each contain 23 chromosomes."
Where does messenger RNA travel from in order to transport amino acids?
Nucleus of the cell
The nurse is considering the purpose of mitosis.
Which statement is accurate?
"Mitosis is a process that supports new cell development."
The public health nurse is presenting Healthy People 2020 objectives and states that they are designed to improve health and prevent disease.
Which statement is accurate in describing one of the objectives in genomics?
"Increase the proportion of women with a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer who receive genetic counseling."
The nurse is counseling a woman who has been identified as a carrier of a mitochondrial disorder. The patient asks, "What is the risk for passing this condition on to my child?"
Which percentage is accurate?
Up to 100%
Which type of mutation occurs when an amino acid is not changed?
Silent mutation
The nurse is discussing with a colleague how chromosomes are structured.
Which statement indicates the nurse's understanding of an allele?
"It is an alternative form of an individual gene."
Which biochemical process can affect gene function without changing the underlying DNA sequence?
Epigenetic mechanisms
The nurse is caring for a newborn diagnosed with Down syndrome.
Which type of genetic disorder is associated with this condition?
Chromosome nondisjunction
A patient tells the nurse that karyotyping is going to be conducted and wants to know what this test is designed to do.
Which response by the nurse would be accurate?
"Karyotyping is a test used to examine the visual appearance of chromosome structures and number."
The process of protein synthesis with mRNA is called translation.
Where does this process occur?
Ribosomes
What is the discipline that integrates pharmacology with genomic capabilities?
Pharmacogenomics
A mother is struggling to understand her newborn's chromosomal disorder. She asks the nurse, "How many pairs of chromosomes should be in the human cell?"
Which response by the nurse is correct?
"There are 23 pairs."
The nurse is orienting a new graduate and explains the goal of gene therapy.
Which statement by the nurse is accurate?
"The goal of gene therapy is to express or silence genes that are implicated in a disease process."
The nurse is orienting a new nurse to a family planning clinic. When discussing reproduction, the nurse queries the new nurse about the process.
Which statement indicates understanding?
Egg and sperm cells are created by a process called meiosis."
The nurse is caring for a child with upward slanting eyes with epicanthal fold.
Which disorder should the nurse suspect?
Trisomy 21
The nurse is caring for a patient with Marfan syndrome.
Which body system should the nurse assess first?
Connective tissue
The nurse is caring for four children with inherited disorders.
Which child's diagnosis is consistent with an autosomal recessive inherited disease?
Cystic fibrosis
Which statement by the nurse indicates understanding of genomics?
"The genomic human sequence is 99.9% identical among all humans."
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