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Exercise and Nutrition Exam 2

Terms in this set (102)

To assist in finding a quality supplement, consumers should look for which of the following supplement label or product advertisement?
Verification seals
Performing a thorough warm-up before an exercise session would be classified as which type of ergogenic ad?
Physiological
Which of the following is a potential cause for inadvertent doping?
Names in ingredients list are not recognized
Which athlete would be most likely to need multivitamin/mineral supplement
Gymnast who is tightly restricting her diet to prevent fat gain
Substances touted to be converted to or increase production of anabolic hormones in the body are called:
Prohormones
Which of the following agencies verify the quality and purity of dietary supplements
Consumer labs
Which of the following is not a dietary supplement verification agency?
World-Anti Doping Agency
Which of the following is the legislative act passed in 1994 that regulates the dietary supplement industry?
DSHEA
To be considered a dietary supplement, a product must contain at least one or more of the following ingredients except:
Food additives
Which of the following is true of doping in sports?
a) It has become an epidemic
b) It presents risks to the health of athletes
c) It challenges the basic tenet of fair play in competition
d) All of these are correct
d) all of these are correct
Research conducted on products in the prohormone and hormone-releasers category of supplements has been shown to have high potential for meeting their claimed actions
False
CINAHL is an antidoping agency that fosters fair play in olympic sports
False
Which of the following are fat soluble vitamins
Vitamins D and E
Which of the following vitamins can be made by the human body?
Vitamin D
Barry's diet lacks food that contain thiamin. As a result of his poor diet, he has a high risk of:
beriberi
Becky's 2 year old son cannot walk because he was born with Spina bifida. To reduce the chances that her next baby will be born with this birth defect or related disorders, Becky should:
Consume green leafy vegetables, drink orange juice, and take folic acid supplement before getting pregnant
Which of the following statements is false?
Vitamin A prevents Cystic Fibrosis
Which of the following is not s fat soluble vitamin:
Vitamin C
Which of the following is true of water soluble vitamins:
They are easily transported in the blood
Which of the following abbreviations represents the recommended daily intake (in grams, milligrams, or micrograms) for a vitamin?
RDA or AI
Which of the following water soluble vitamins has the least involvement in energy production/metabolism
folate
Thiamin requirements will escalate with the simultaneous increase of:
calories
Which of the following is not one of the forms of vitamin A that is found within the body?
Retina
Vitamin A is important for athletes due to its role in:
the repair damaged tissue
Which of the following would help increase your phytochemical intake?
Drink more green tea
It is safe to consume 3,000 milligrams of vitamin C per day for the prevention of the common cold
false
High intake of a particular vitamin can potentially decrease the absorption of other nutrients
True
Toxic buildup of fat-soluble vitamins rarely occurs from the consumption of whole foods
True
Vitamin A has been labeled the "anti-infection" vitamin due to its immune function
True
Some vitamins can be synthesized within the body
True
Free radical production decreases during exercise
False
Lycopene bioavailibility is greater from processed tomatoes than from fresh tomatoes
True
Which of the following vitamins/minerals is not considered an essential electrolyte to be replaced during exercise?
Choline
Which of the following conditions may develop if sodium losses exceed intake during ultraendurance activities, causing blood sodium levels to drop?
Hyponatremia
Marcus suffers from iron-deficiency anemia. Which of the following foods is a poor source of iron?
Reduced-fat milk
Lodide is necessary for:
Mainstreaming normal thyroid function
Which of the following minerals is a trace mineral?
Zinc
Which of the following is one of the most common nutritional deficiencies in the United States?
Iron
Bioavalibility of minerals can be affected by foods containing high amounts of:
Fiber
Which of the following is not a major mineral?
Iron
Which of the following is the Al for calcium (for athletes 19-50 years old)?
1,000 mg
Which of the following is not a good source of calcium?
Butter
Phosphorus is important during endurance events due to its role in:
Buffering acidic end products of energy metobolism
Which of the following minerals does not affect blood pressure?
Magnesium
Which of the following is not a reason why magnesium is important for sports performance?
It enhances the action of glucose tolerance factor
Which of the following is the iron-containing compound found in muscle that facilitates the transport of oxygen to muscle cells?
Myoglobin
More than 98% of the fluoride in the body is found in teeth
False
Manganese can be absorbed more readily from supplements than from whole foods
True
Whole grains, legumes, green leafy vegetables, and tea are all good sources of manganese
True
Deficiency and toxicity of molybdenum are rare
True
Neither an RDA nor an AI has been established for boron and nickel
True
Male athletes require more iron than female athletes
False
Heme iron is absorbed less readily than nonheme iron
True
Athletes participating in high school sports are at greater risk for iron-deficiency anemia
True
Which of the following is an example of extracellular water
a) saliva
b) Blood Plasma
c) Lymph fluid
d) All of these are correct
d) all of these are correct
Which of the following is not a function of water
Provides the body with needed carbs for energy
Balancing daily fluid lossess with intake is critical in preventing the ill effects of which of the following?
dehydration and overhydration
Which of the following is the iron-containing compound found in muscle that facilitates the transport of oxygen to muscle cells?
Myoglobin
More than 98% of the flouride in the body is found in teeth
False
Which of the following is the iron-containing compound found in muscle that facilitates the transport of oxygen to muscle cells?
Myoglobin
What does blood plasma help distribute to the billions of cells that make up our bodies tissues?
a) nutrients
b) hormones and immune cells
c) oxygen
d) all of these are correct
d) all of these are correct
Impaired thermoregulation caused by poor water balance plus environmental heat stress can lead to:
a) heat cramps
b) heat exhaustion
c) heat stroke
d) all of these are correct
d) all of these are correct
Which of the following is a sign of heat stroke?
lack of sweat
An adequate intake rather than an RDA has been set for water because of individual differences in fluid needs based on which of the following?
a) climate
b) activity level
c) metabolism
d) all of these are correct
d) all of these are correct
Which of the following can be sources of water for athletes needing to replenish fluid losses?
a) coffee
b) fruits and vegetables
c) tea
d) all of these are correct
d) all of these are correct
Which of the following hydration schedules is recommended by major sports medicine and nutrition organization?
13-20 ounces at least 4 hours prior to exercise and then 7-10 ounces in the 10-20 minutes prior to exercise
When an athlete chooses 100% juice as a fluid in the hours leading up to a training session or competition, which of the following is not provided?
High levels of protein
What is the goal of hydration during exercise?
To maintain plasma volume
Which of the following is a method that athletes can use to replace fluids lost during training and competition?
Begin drinking fluids as soon as possible
Which of the following is true regarding postexercise hydration?
Athletes should match sweat losses 100% - 150%, because the kidneys continually produce urine, thus, increasing total water excretion
Which of the following is true regarding postexercise hydration?
Athletes should consume 2 cups of fluid for every pound that is lost during exercise
Extracellular water:
includes the plasma of blood and surrounds cells
Which of the following is statements about sweat is not true?
It is less effective than air at conducting heat
A lean, muscular athlete with low body fat composition would be expected to have a greater percentage of total body water than an obese, sedentary individual with high body fat composition
True
Body water is a poor heat conductor
False
An athlete about to exercise outdoors in the cold would be considered overdressed if he or she were comfortable upon stepping out into the elements
True
The body can be adequately cooled by sweat even if the sweat is not exposed to air and is prevented from evaporating
False
Body heat lost during rest is mostly due to radiation
True
Domestic bottled water is safer to drink than tap water
False
Water intake is not required to maintain hydration levels when exercising in cold climates, because sweat levels are low
False
With all environmental conditions being the same, poor water balance can lead to increases in the body temperature compared to the hydrated state when performing the same activity
True
Regardless of precautionary measures, athletes cannot completely avoid heat-related disorders
False
Amount of water typically obtained from daily food intake
600-750 ml
Adequate intake of total water for men, older than 19 years (in liters)
3.7 L
Adequate intake of total water for women, older than 19 years (in liters)
2.7 L4
Urine rating number when well hydrated?
3
Amount of water output typically lost daily from the lungs
250-400ML
The amount of fluid, in ounces, that should be consumed 4 hours prior to exercise
13-20 Oz
Excellent fluid choice before exercise
Water, milk and juice
Average amount of fluid, in ounces, athletes require every 10-20 minutes during exercise
7-10 oz
Heat - related disorder that results in a rapid pulse and hypotension
heat exhaustion
Lack of sweat, dry/hot skin, and muscle incoordination are signs and symptoms of this heat-related disorder
heat stroke
Percentage of body weight lost when an athlete feels thirsty, uncomfortable, and has lack of appetite
2%
Appropriate fluid choice during exercise
Sports beverages
Fluid that may be helpful for muscle recovery and hydration
water, sports drink, juice, milk or other beverages
Amount of fluid, in ounces, that should be consumed for every pound of body weight lost during exercise
16-24 OZ
Which of the following is true of supplement manufacturers
They can make structure/function, nutrient content, and health claims on their products
The majority of research investigating vitamins and minerals indicates that unless an athlete is deficient, supplementation beyond the RDA has no effect on sports performance
True
Athletes need to be very wary of nutritional ergogenics, because most have not been evaluated with regard to long-time use
True
It is crucial that sports nutrition professionals are working with athletes know what, if any, supplements are being taken
True
Sports nutrition professionals should advocate a universal "supplements should never be taken" policy with athletes
False
CINAHL is an antidoping agency that fosters fair play in olympic sports
False
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