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Us History: Unit 3: lessons

Terms in this set (129)

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lesson 1
--------------- some might be wrong
___ won the popular vote but failed to win the presidency in the election of 1876.
Samuel J. Tilden
___ was elected president in the election of 1876.
Rutherford B. Hayes
What was a consequence of the Compromise of 1877?
It freed Southern lawmakers to enact laws restricting rights of African Americans.
The _________ Age was a time of unbroken growth and prosperity in America during the latter part of the 19th century.
Gilded
Passage of the _______ Amendment guaranteed the right of American citizens to vote regardless of their race.
15th
The _______ Act of 1870 allowed freedmen to become citizens.
Naturalization
Blamed for the ________ Depression, President Grant failed to be reelected in 1876.
Long
________ believed economic stability was necessary before African Americans could achieve full civil rights.
Booker T. Washington
_______ believed the government should enforce the civil rights of African Americans.
W. E. B. Du Bois
Many black historians call the Compromise of 1877 the _______.
Great Betrayal
Select the four positive aspects of the Reconstruction.
Northern financial aid assisted in building industry and railroads in the South.

The creation of a public education system was detrimental to African American and poor white children.

African Americans were enslaved.
What event does the passage describe?

Democrat Samuel J. Tilden won popular vote but the election was cast into doubt when it was discovered 20 electoral votes had been cast illegally. An Electoral Commission appointed by the Senate investigated the issue ruling that all the disputed votes go to Hayes making him the winner. Hayes agreed to the Compromise of 1877 to soothe hurt feelings and prevent Southern Democratic opposition. Rutherford B. Hayes became the 19th President of the United States.
The presidential recall election of 1877
Lesson 2
---------------
What factor ignited the Great Railroad Strike of 1877?
salary cuts
What was NOT a consequence of the Great Railroad Strike of 1877?
railroad workers received raises
President Hayes began ___ reform in an effort to end patronage.
civil service
At the 1880 Republican national convention, ___ became the first African American to receive votes.
Blanche Kelso Bruce
The ___ was passed in response to a belief that immigrants were taking jobs belonging to Americans.
Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
Republicans split into a conservative faction, the 1.______________ , and a moderate faction, the 2.______________ .
1. Stalwarts

2. Half-Breeds
What was the intent of the Desert Land Act and Timber and Stone Act of 1878?
The intent was to encourage development of land that was considered unfit for traditional farming methods.
Republicans compromised on candidate 1.____________, and Democrats selected war hero 2.____________ as their candidates for the 1880 Presidential election.
1. James A. Garfield

2. Winfield Scott Hancock
Six months after taking office, President Garfield was _______ by Charles J. Guiteau.
assassinated
A Stalwart, ______, succeeded Garfield.
Chester A. Arthur
Under Arthur, the ______ Reform Act ensured government jobs would be filled based on merit, not patronage.
Pendleton Civil Service
The ______ Law of 1882 allowed custom officials to reject immigrants who were criminals, mentally ill, or might otherwise burden U.S. taxpayers.
Immigration
Examine the editorial cartoon; then choose the best answer.



What does the tear in the map of the nation represent?
the division caused by the Civil War
Examine the editorial cartoon; then choose the best answer.



What can you tell from this cartoon about Lincoln and Johnson?
They disagreed on how to repair the rift and worked against each other.
Examine the editorial cartoon; then choose the best answer.



What can you tell about Vice President Johnson from this cartoon?
He had the ability to work with both sides in a dispute to bring them together.
Examine the editorial cartoon; then choose the best answer.



What can you tell about President Lincoln from this cartoon?
His strength of character was all that was holding the country up at that time.
lesson 3
---------------
The 1884 Presidential election pitted Republican 1. _____ against Democrat 2. _____.
1. James Gillespie Blaine

2. Stephen Grover Cleveland
_____________ had earned a reputation for cleaning up corrupt politics.
Grover Cleveland
Republicans called _____________ crossed party lines to support Cleveland's candidacy.
mugwumps
Cleveland opposed "free silver" politicians who desired a(n) _____________ standard.
bimetallic
The _____________ Act of 1886 clarified what would happen if both the President and Vice President were to resign or die in office.
Presidential Succession
In 1888 _____________ was elected 23rd President of the United States.
Benjamin Harrison
High tariffs affected _____________ farmers most because it raised the price of farm equipment.
Southern
The _____________ Act allows federal courts to break up harmful monopolies.
Sherman Antitrust
Financial woes under President Harrison led to former President _____________ being elected a second time.
Cleveland
Cleveland pushed for repeal of the Sherman _____________ Purchase Act, believing it had contributed to the Panic of 1893.
Silver
1. _____ unions represent members who practice the same trade while 2. _____ unions represent members of the same industry.
1. Trade

2. Industrial
The _____________ Riot was a peaceful union rally that turned violent.
Haymarket
Support for the _____________ Strike brought the national rail system to a standstill.
Pullman
How did President Cleveland justify sending in federal troops to break up the Pullman Strike?
The strike interfered with free trade and commerce, so Cleveland invoked the Sherman Antitrust Act to justify sending federal troops to get Pullman workers back on the job and the trains running.
_____________ controlled Democratic Party nominations from 1854 to 1932.
Tammany Hall
_____________ currency has value because the government says it does.
Fiat
The _____________ was created to regulate trade between states.
Interstate Commerce Commission
Unlike his predecessor, President Harrison supported _____________.
high tariffs
Which was NOT a result of the Panic of 1893?
longest U.S. depression
Which was NOT a view held by anarchists?
desired to abolish all government
Which president completed two nonconsecutive terms in office?
Grover Cleveland
Tammany Hall was an organization of _____________ who controlled New York politics for decades.
politicians and wealthy financiers
What did workers find was necessary in order to gain leverage in negotiating with employers?
The workers learned that small organized efforts were ineffective and often resulted in the loss of jobs. Labor unions only began to gain leverage when they formed large organizations that included virtually all members of the industry, thus making it difficult for employers to ignore or replace them.
lesson 4
--------------- not all
Compensation paid by an individual or group to another for injury, damage, or losses.
restitution
Which answer was NOT an American concern about the Cuban's fight for independence?
(IDK)
Fearing that the Japanese might act first, Congress annexed the Republic of ___ in 1898.
Hawaii
___ was a missionary and the first territorial governor of Hawaii.
Sanford B. Dole
What three issues did the Treaty of Washington settle with Canada?
U.S. fishing rights in Canadian waters

shipping access to the St. Lawrence River and the upper Great Lakes

boundaries between Canada and the United States
______ journalism printed sensational articles in an effort to increase circulation.
Yellow
In 1872 Great Britain agreed to apologize and pay restitution to settle the _____ Claims.
Alabama
What two events encouraged Americans to call for war against Spain?
(IDK)
Select Congress' four resolutions issued in its declaration of war against Spain.
(IDK)
Commodore 1._____ destruction of the Spanish fleet protecting 2._____ Bay paved the way for the Philippine islands to come under American control.
1. George Dewey

2. Manila
Four regiments of ______ soldiers were among the 15,000 men who fought the Spanish in Cuba.
African-American
Lt. Colonel 1. _____ led a decisive charge against Spanish fortifications of 2._____ Heights.
1. Theodore Roosevelt

2. San Juan
Select the four countries or territories surrendered by the Spanish in the 1898 Treaty of Paris.
(YES)Cuba

(YES)Puerto Rico

(YES)the Philippines

(PROBABLY)Guam
Which hill did Roosevelt actually ascend?
Kettle Hill
lesson 5
--------------
Providing clean water and adequate _______ was a challenge in growing cities.
sanitation
Improved building codes and fire-fighting techniques were the result of the Great _________ Fire.
Chicago
Devoted to the elimination of alcohol, _______ led the Women's Christian Temperance Union.
Frances Willard
By ____, Wyoming, Colorado, Utah, and Idaho had granted suffrage to women.
1896
The Supreme Court ruling in 1._ v. 2._ set the stage for 58 more years of legal racial discrimination.
a. Plessy
b. Brown
c. Willard
d. Anthony
e. Ferguson
1. a

2. e
Opened by Jane Addams, ___ became the model for settlement houses.
Hull House
Growth of the ___ movement led to the formation of the National Prohibition Party.
temperance
The ___ completed in New York in 1883 was the longest suspension bridge in the world at the time.
Brooklyn Bridge
Many states passed ___ laws segregating blacks from whites.
"separate but equal"
Match the forms of transportation with the description.

1. subway

2. omnibus

3. trolley car

4. cable car

5. horse railway
---

1. underground railway system

2. horse-drawn coach on a road

3. powered by overhead electric wires

4. designed for use on hilly terrain

5. horse-drawn coach using rails
lesson 6
---------------
______ is the philosophy of social, political, economic, and educational reform through government action to improve the general welfare of the people.
Progressivism
Select the needs of people Progressives believe government has the responsibility to provide. Select all that apply.
defend rights and security of all citizens

protect the environment

provide education
Progressives view the Constitution as a "________" document designed to be changed.
living
Early 20th century political Progressives desired to eliminate political _________ and make government more responsive to the people.
corruption
Progressives such as Robert Marion La Follette, Sr. pushed for open ______ systems to select candidates.
primary
Progressive journalists known as ________ wrote magazine articles exposing political and industrial corruption.
muckrakers
The Jungle, written by ________ exposed unsanitary and unsafe practices in meatpacking houses.
Upton Sinclair
The _______ Food and Drug Act sought to prevent the sale of impure food and drugs.
Pure
A muckraker journalist, _______, exposed mistreatment of the mentally ill.
Elizabeth Cochran
Which result fits in with the Progressive agenda for limits placed on the Speaker of the House?
limiting the power of the Speaker made it easier for Progressives to move their legislation through Congress.
Which result fits in with the Progressive agenda for redistribution of wealth by taxing income above the norm?
Social progressives believed the best way to close the income gap was to take money from wealthier people through taxation and use the money to provide social and welfare programs for the poor.
How did the Sixteenth Amendment fit in with the Progressive agenda?
The Sixteenth Amendment provided for an income tax that generated new income to pay for Progressive programs.
How did the Seventeenth Amendment fit in with the Progressive agenda?
The Seventeenth Amendment provides for the direct election of senators, thus placing more political power in the hands of the people.
lesson 7
---------------
America has long been known as a(n) "_______" of cultures.
melting pot
Immigrants introduce ______ and ______ that blend with the existing customs to form a culture that is unique to that region.
customs

ideas
______ is the assimilation of immigrants to America.
Americanization
Select two barriers immigrants found in adapting to life in America.
spoke a language other than English

prejudice against immigrants
Select six groups of immigrants that formed their own communities.
Chinese

German

Italian

Irish

Polish

Jewish
Assimilation of immigrants often did not take place until the second or third _____.
generation
________ opportunities were important in the Americanization of immigrants.
Education
lesson 8
---------------
Previous to the 20th century most schools were funded by _______ or by charging tuition.
donations
As a whole, society did not see the need for ______________.
education
Wealthier families 1._____ children at home or sent them to 2._____ schools.
1. tutored

2. boarding
In the 1850s, _______ began to convince communities to build schools paid for by tax dollars and open to children of all classes.
Horace Mann
Horace Mann introduced a system of _______ classes, grouping students by age.
graded
Select the three "R's" taught in elementary schools.
reading

arithmetic

writing
Educator _______ believed each student had a(n) aptitude that teachers should identify and develop.
John Dewey
"Education is not a _______ for life; education is life itself." —John Dewey
preparation
Horace Mann thought school attendance should be _____.
compulsory
High schools emphasized a ______ education that prepared students for college.
classical
By 1900, _____ states required students to attend school.
34
lesson 9
---------------
In 1881, the French began efforts to build a canal across the Isthmus of ___.
Panama
Before independence, Panama was part of ___.
Colombia
Colonel ___ was instrumental in reducing the impact of yellow fever in the Canal Zone.
William Gorgas
The Panama Canal opened in ___.
1914
The ___ began when European countries demanded restitution for citizens after a civil war.
Venezuelan Crisis
What best describes how the United States overcame the Clayton-Bulwer Treaty to construct the Panama Canal?
The United States negotiated out of the treaty since Great Britain had no interest in building a canal. The United States agreed to allow anyone to use the canal and to not take over Panama.
What best describes how the United States overcame control of the Canal to construct the Panama Canal?
The United States supported a Panamanian revolt against Colombia, opening the way for the United States to negotiate terms for constructing and maintaining the canal.
What best describes how the United States overcame logistics to construct the Panama Canal?
The United States realized the health of its workers was important. Colonel William Gorgas greatly reduced the threat of yellow fever. Creating a lake with a lock system reduced the amount of excavating.
Colonel ________ supervised construction of the Panama Canal, creating a large lake and a series of locks to carry ships over the isthmus.
George Goethals
The ______ effectively made the United States the policeman of international affairs in Latin America.
Roosevelt Corollary
President Roosevelt helped negotiate a treaty ending the Russo-Japanese War in the Far _________.
East
The _______ Agreement eased tensions between the United States and Japan.
Gentlemen's
President Roosevelt sent the ______ on a worldwide tour to showcase American naval power.
Great White Fleet
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