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History exam

Terms in this set (193)

The basic tools of geography
Map
What are the two main branches of geography
Physical geography and human geography
The first person to use use the term geography
Eratosthenes
Hipparchus contribution to geography was
Grid
The proponent of the heliocentric theory was
Copernicus
The art of mapmaking
Cartography
The mapmakers who system is used still used today
Mercator
Who's map became the standard during the age of exploration
Mercator
Detailed land features
Topography
The lines that run north and south around the globe are called
Meridians
The basis of all longitude measurements
Great circle
Each of the meridians on a globe form a
Great circle
Each of the complete lines that run north and south around the globe form a
Great circle
Any method used to show how the earth round service on a flat map is called
Map projection
The main problem with any flat map
Distortion
Of the following the one that is not a type of map distortion is

Hey. Area B. Distance c. Grid D. Distortion
Grid
A typical globe is covered by 12 stripes the paper called
Gored
What was the first important cylindrical map projection
Mercator
Which minimizes the projection member minimize the distortion area and shape
Goodes
Which projection minimizes all four types of distortion
Robinsons
If one wanted you want to detail about the natural features of an area he or she should consult a
Physical map
Christians general believe that the earth speeches were altered dramatically buy a great
Cataclysm
What are the three parts of earth
Atmosphere hydrosphere lithosphere are
Every variation in the landscape is called a
Landform
What factor usually determines whether a feature is called a mountain or a hill
Local usage
When many mountains up here together the formation is called a
Mountain range
Wide areas of Levelland
Planes
Nutrient rich soil deposited by rivers
Alluvium
Wide areas of flat land that rise abruptly above surrounding land are
Plateaus
What is the largest ocean on earth
Pacific ocean
A river and all of its tributaries
River system
Another term for the source of the river
Headwaters
The longest river in the United States
Mississippi
The amount of water the flowers in a river is called its
Discharge
The total area from which a river and it's tributaries get it water
Drainage basin
What is the deepest lake in the world
Lake Baykal
A shelter body of Deepwater to the shore is called a
Harbor
Areas of stagnant water are collectively known as
Wetlands
Spongy areas of land that looks dry but are covered with wet organic materials
Boggs
Areas of visible standing water with vegetation that has its roots submerged in the water
Marshes
Areas of visible standing water with vegetation dominated by large trees
Swamps
What does the plate tectonics theory state
The earth surface is broken into pieces that crashed into and pull apart from each other releasing energy that causes earthquakes
What term is used to refer to all of the most basic industries
Primary industries
Farmers who make their own clothing furniture and Holmes and Greg just enough food to meet their own family's needs are called
Substance farming
The application of science and machinery to increase Fourmile thereby spurring the growth of large cash crop for profit is
Commercial farming
The most basic form of animal husbandry
Nomadic herding
What term best describes the usable substances found in and extracted from the earth
Natural resources
Cultivation or farming of seafood in a control artificial environment
Aquaculture
Solid crystals it naturally occur have definite chemical compositions and are extracted from rock are called
Minerals
What time is used for minerals that are composed of several different elements that must be separated to use to extract one mineral their desired
Ore
The ore from which aluminum is made
Bauxite
Copper lead iron and aluminum are useful when combined with other metals to form
Alloys
What are naturally occurring fuels
Fossil fuels
What do we call businesses that take raw material and change them into useful forms
Secondary industries
Businesses that use machinery to turn wrong materials in the new products on a large scale are said to engage in
Manufacturing
The application of science and industry is called
Technology
Products that generally lasts less than a year
Nondurable
Products that are made to last longer than one year are
Durable
What is another name for service industries
Tertiary
Industry they provide electricity gas water trash collection and sewage disposal are called
Utilities
Sending messages through electronic pulses is called
Telecommunications
The study of the process by which individuals and countries make decisions about the use of the resources is
Economics
Babbles man centered system of thinking is called
Humanism
Are unique pattern of speech within a single language family is a
Dialect
The language with most speakers today is
Mandarin Chinese
The most prominent of 10 major language families is the
Indo-Europeans
The lingua franca of the world today is
English
The two main languages used the document of the United States are
English and French
What into T is the foundation of society
Family
Christ commands for believers to spread the gospel throughout the earth people is called the
Great commission
A large group of people of the Carmen history and language love develop a strong sense of identity is called a
Nation
A nation his people have establish their own government is a
Nationstate
How many states are generally recognized in the world today
Hundred and 93
What term means a states unlimited authority to run affairs with it it's own borders
Sovereignty
What state has the largest area
Russia
What state has the largest population
China
Not a raging rivers are examples of geographic features that often
Natural boundaries
When people is in a recognize state fight among themselves for control of the government it is called a
Civil War
The official record of birth marriages and divorces or call
vital statistics
What term is used for the result of subtracting the states Craig death rate from a crude birth rate
Rate of natural increase
The number of years a person can expect to live is the
Life expectancy
Land that can be cultivated for the growth of crops is said to be
Arabel
A society that has no government in which every person does what he or she wants is called
Anarchy
The largest island in Europe
Great Britain
What is the largest city in Western Europe
London
Which mound system form the backbone of England
Pennies
North Atlantic drift brings
Warm water from the east
What region dominates the Republic of Ireland
Roman Catholicism
What two countries share the Scandinavian peninsula
Norway and Sweden
What is Norway longest fjord
Sogne
What is the largest city in Scandinavia
Stockholm
What are the oldest parliamentarian assembly in the world
The althing
What is the longest river in France
Loire
What forms Francis southern border
The Pyerenees mountains
The national government of the Netherlands constitutional monarchy meets in
The Hague
What country have the world's highest per capita GDP
Luxenberg
The Protestant reform began in
Germany
Western in Canal like the North Sea with the Baltic Sea
Kiel canal
What is the largest industrial region in Europe
Ruhr
Cantons are
Self governing districts in Sweden
Brenner pass is the
Route of the invaders from Germany into Italy by the way of Austria
Castilian is the official language of
Andorra
And important port in North East Spain
Barcelona
Which of the following is not a mini state near Italy
Andorra
An area of political uncertainty
Shatter belt
97% the polls are descended from what group
Slovs
The largest city in Poland located on the upper this through a river is
Warsaw
The leader of solitary who later became the first president of free Poland
Lech walesa
Which is the third largest city in Poland
Kraków
The Nazis killed over 2.5 million Jews and poles and the death camp 33 miles west of Kraków Poland known as
Aushwitz
What is the largest of the Baltic states and home to the hill of crosses
Lithuania
The dominant mountain system and Eastern Europe is the
carpathians
The swift and peaceful overthrow of communism and Czechoslovakia was called the
Velvet Revolution
After Czechoslovakia again independent checked in the slingbacks agreed to split the country into what was known as the
Velvet divorce
To give the check people a direct stake in the success of the economy the new Czech Republic the government began an experiment in
Mass privatization
The tendency of our region made up of a large number of ethically and religiously diverse my Nordie to break into Many small hostile countries
Balkanization
Which mountain range did the Muslims control for 500 years
Belkin mountains
The US president instrumental to getting the leaders of the warning Kroetz serve and Bosniak to agree to a peace agreement was
Bill Clinton
The capital of Bosnia
Sarajevo
What is the only country in Europe with a Muslim majority
Albania
Mount Musala late is the highest point in which mountain range
Balkan mountains
Where areas most people of the car Patheand around and Catholic the people of Romania are mostly
Eastern orthodox
The region that became famous as the setting of the story of Count Dracula
Transylvania
the danube river flows through a break in the car Patheon mountains called the
Irongate
Which three countries lie on the Eastern plains
Moldova ukraine belarus
What Indian civilization once dominated yucatan peninsula
The Mayas
The long peninsula expanding southward from the United States border is the
Baja California
What body of water separates the Baja Peninsula from the rest of the Mexico mainland
The gulf of California
What peninsula curves north and east into the Gulf of Mexico
Yucatán
What has the Copper Canyon the name
Grand Canyon of Mexico
What Indian civilization what occupied the region around modern-day Mexico City
The Aztecs
A sudden illegal overthrow of the government by a military officer or government official
Coup
6 million people visit this place year making it the second most visited place in the Catholic world
The shrine of our Lady Guadalupe
People of mixed Spanish and Indian ancestry
Mestizos
A public square in the center of a Mexican village
Plaza
The most famous Mayan ruins
Chichen Itza
Which Indian Empire populated the Yucatán peninsula
Mayas
The Europeans introduced a new kind of farming to Central America call
Plantation economy
Mayas are the most famous of the Indian civilizations because
They left written records
The largest city in Central America
Guatemala City
What country was settled by the British
Belize
What is the name for the people with both African and European ancestry
Mulattoes
What country was nicknamed the Banana Republic
Honduras
The most popular team sport in middle America
Soccer
Nicaragua is
The largest country in Central America
What rebel group in Nicaragua was supplied by the Soviet
Sandinistas
What fraction of the world's land area does Russia cover?
1/10
Russia's greatest handicap is its ____
soviet past
What has influenced Russia's foreign policy in all periods of Russian history?
the need for warm water seaports
What is the dominant religion of Russia?
Russian Orthodox
What term is used to refer to the rulers of Russia from 1547 to 1917?
czar
What did the communists extend to separate their European spoils in WWII from those of the free countries of western Europe?
Iron Curtain
Another name for Russia during the period of communist rule was the ___
Soviet Union
The Russian ruler responsible for reforms that led eventually to the fall of the Soviet Empire
Gorbachev
glasnost
another name for russia during the period of communist rule
oblast
the Russian political unit roughly equivalent to a state in the U.S.
Russia has 21 self-governing areas (where most of the population, power, and status reside) called ___
autonomous republics
Instead of a vice president, Russia's executive branch has a ____
premier
The legislative branch of Russia's national government is called the ____
federation assembly
The second largest city in Russia is ___
`st. petersburg
The Volga-Baltic Waterway provides ships access to which city and beyond?
moscow
Which city is considered to have been the first Russian city?
novgorod
The first ruler of Russia, who gained power in 1547 was ___
Ivan the Terrible
The second most important river in Russia is the ____
Don River
The vast grasslands of Russia in the Black Earth region are called the ____
steppes
The vital port at the mouth of the Don River is ___
rostov
The highest mountain along the southern border of Russia is ____
Mt Elbrus
the breakaway republic that has caused trouble for Russia since 1991 is ____
Chechnya
What is considered the dries desert
Atacama
What countries name means equator
Ecuador
You people live in the blank until oil will discover there in 1967
Amazon rain forest
Most of the people of Bolivia live on the
Altiplano
What Indian civilizations name mean children of the sun
Incas
The rugged ridges and valleys east of the Andy's are called
Yungas
What was named after the first English man to circumnavigate the earth
Drake passage
What landmass is below the South American tip
Straight of Magellan
Who is Matt became the standard given the age of exploration and is still used today
Mercator
What are the two main branches of geography
Physical and human
What is the art of mapmaking
Cartography
Who is the first person he used the term geography
Eratosthenes
The proponent of the heliocentric theory was
Copernicus
Hipparchus's contribution to geography was
Grid
What high plateau was named after local Indians
Patagonia
What is the widest waterfall in the world
Iguacu falls
Rain dissolved nutrients in soil and carried them away
Leaching
What depletes soil rendering it useless for future generations
Deforestastion
What to South America nations are landlocked
Bolivia and Paraguay
What is the largest lake in South America
Lake maracaibo
What treaty move the line of demarcation further west
Tordesillas
Who is the greatest hero of Latin America
Simon bloivar
What river is the third largest in South America
Orinoco river
Who brought the first coffee to South America
Dutch
What is the only part of South America still under
French Guiana
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