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Cultural Anthropology Quiz 4

Terms in this set (23)

environmental anthropology
the study of the relations between humans and the environment
Anthropocene
the current historical era in which human activity is reshaping the planet in permanent ways
multispecies ethnography
ethnographic research designed to consider the interactions of all species living on the planet and see the world from a more human perspective
gentrification
urban renewal, often supported by government policies and incentives, effectively replacing low-income residents, often people of color, with wealthier newcomers
built environments
the intentionally designed features of human settlement, including buildings, transportation, public service infrastructure, and public spaces
ecotourism
tours of remote natural environments designed to support local communities and their conservation efforts
settler colonialism
displacement and pacification of indigenous people and expropriation of their lands and resources
pushes and pulls
the forces that spur migration from the country of origin and draw immigrants to a particular new destination country
bridges and barriers
the factors that enable or inhibit migration
chain migration
the movement of people facilitated by the support of networks of family and friends who have already immigrated
hometown associations
organizations created for mutual support by immigrants from the same hometown or region
remittances
resources transferred from migrants working abroad to individuals, families, and institutions in their country of origin
cumulative causation
an accumulation of factors that create a culture in which migration comes to be expected
labor immigrants
persons who move in search of a low-skill and low-wage job, often filling an economic niche that native-born workers will not fill
guest worker program
a policy that allows labor immigrants to enter a country temporarily to work but denies them long-term rights and privileges
professional immigrants
highly trained individuals who move to fill economic niches in a middle-class profession often marked by shortages in the receiving country
brain drain
migration of highly skilled professionals from developing/periphery countries to developed/core countries
social capital
assets and skills such as language, education, and social networks that can be mobilized in lieu of or as complementary to financial capital
entrepreneurial immigrants
persons who move to a new location to conduct trade and establish a business
refugees
persons who have been forced to move beyond their national borders because of political or religious persecution, armed conflict, or disasters
internally displaced persons
persons who have been forced to move within their country of origin because of political or religious persecution, armed conflict, or disasters
internal migration
the movement of people within their own national borders
transnationalism
the practice of maintaining active participation in social, economic, religious, and political spheres across national borders
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