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PSY 394 Chapter 13

Terms in this set (84)

Half of all STIs diagnosed in the U.S. occur among:
a. the sexually active population
b. men
c. those between the ages of 15 and 24
d. women
c. those between the ages of 15 and 24
All but which of the following contribute to the epidemic of STIs in the U.S.?
a. increased testosterone levels
b. decreased use of condoms
c. inadequate access to protection
d. inadequate education regarding protection
a. increased testosterone levels
All but which of the following is true of the use of oral contraceptive / birth control pills?
a. they have resulted in a reduced rate of unplanned pregnancies
b. they result in more birth defects
c. they increase a woman's susceptibility to STIs
d. they have the effect of reducing condom use
b. they result in more birth defects
All but which of the following contribute to the epidemic of STIs?
a. alcohol use
b. multiple partners
c. people don't have the funds to treat their STIs
d. every STI can be symptomless
c. people don't have the funds to treat their STIs
All but which of the following is a bacterial STI?
a. crabs
b. syphilis
c. gonorrhea
d. chlamydia
a. crabs
All but which of the following is a viral STI?
a. herpes
b. nongonococcal urethritis
c. HPV
d. HIV
b. nongonococcal urethritis
The primary distinguishing characteristic between the viral and bacterial STIs is:
a. the frequency with which people contract the STI
b. the age group who is most likely to manifest the STI
c. the long term negative effects of the STI
d. whether the STI can be cured
d. whether the STI can be cured
All but which of the following could cause NGU?
a. wearing tight fitting clothes
b. a bacteria
c. irritation from soaps or deodorants
d. allergic reaction to vaginal fluids
a. wearing tight fitting clothes
In general, it's not a good idea to use perfumed products on your genitals because:
a. this dries out the tissues
b. they taste bad
c. there is some suggestion that they might cause cancer
d. they irritate the tissues, making them more susceptible to infection
d. they irritate the tissues, making them more susceptible to infection
All but which of the following is true of NGU?
a. women are often symptomless
b. it is more common than gonorrhea
c. it has more long-term negative effects than gonorrhea
d. they symptoms in men are very similar to the symptoms of gonorrhea
c. it has more long-term negative effects than gonorrhea
All but which of the following is true of the sex differences in STIs?
a. women are more likely to experience long-term negative effects
b. men are more likely to experience cancer as a result of an STI
c. because men have more symptoms, they are more routinely treated
d. the symptoms for women are often hidden in their internal organs
b. men are more likely to experience cancer as a result of an STI
All but which of the following is true of the long-term negative impacts of NGU?
a. cervical cancer is a common result for women
b. men may experience prostatitis
c. if it becomes systemic, both sexes could experience arthritis
d. women may experience PID
a. cervical cancer is a common result for women
The most frequently reported infectious disease in the U.S. is:
a. STI
b. chlamydia
c. gonorrhea
d. HIV
b. chlamydia
The reason young women are the most likely infected group for chlamydia is because:
a. there is an explosion of oral sex among teenagers
b. young women are having more and more partners
c. their cervixes are more susceptible to the bacteria
d. most young women use oral contraceptive / birth control pills
c. their cervixes are more susceptible to the bacteria
All but which of the following is true of a lower reproductive tract infection of chlamydia in women?
a. they could have mild itching of the vulva
b. the urethra could be inflamed
c. they could have a slight vaginal discharge
d. 75% of women will have symptoms that alert them to the fact that they are infected
d. 75% of women will have symptoms that alert them to the fact that they are infected
Chlamydia can cause PID when:
a. the infection has moved from the vagina to the uterus and fallopian tubes
b. she has been untreated for two months
c. she contracted it sexually as opposed to orally
d. her cervix is immature
a. the infection has moved from the vagina to the uterus and fallopian tubes
All but which of the following are symptoms of PID?
a. disrupted menstrual cycles
b. breast tenderness
c. fever
d. pelvic pain
b. breast tenderness
The primary cause of infertility and ectopic pregnancy is:
a. endometritis
b. endometriosis
c. salpingitis
d. NGU
c. salpingitis
All but which of the following is a type of ectopic pregnancy?
a. uterine
b. tubal
c. interstitial
d. cervical
a. uterine
The primary symptom of chlamydia in men is:
a. blocked vas deferens
b. fever
c. prostatitis
d. burning on urination
d. burning on urination
All but which of the following are potential fetal complications of exposure to chlamydia?
a. premature delivery
b. hydrocephaly
c. pneumonia
d. trachoma
b, hydrocephaly
Chlamydia can be successfully treated with:
a. laser surgery
b. antivirals
c. antibiotics
d. hormone replacement therapy
c. antibiotics
The subgroup with the highest incidence of gonorrhea is:
a. Native Americans
b. African Americans
c. Asian Americans
d. Hispanic Americans
b. African Americans
The incubation period is defined as the time between:
a. one becoming infected and one being able to be tested for that infection
b. when one starts medications and one sees benefits
c. the pathogen entering the body and symptom development
d. when one starts medications and one is cured
c. the pathogen entering the body and symptom development
All but which of the following is a symptom of gonorrhea in men?
a. headache
b. swollen glands
c. penile discharge
d. burning on urination
a. headache
Untreated gonorrhea in men could result in all but which of the following?
a. prostate cancer
b. painful bowel movements
c. difficulty urinating
d. prostate abscesses
a. prostate cancer
Rarely, a man's untreated gonorrhea infection will result in:
a. death
b. infertility
c. paralysis
d. cancer
b. infertility
All but which of the following might be a symptom of gonorrhea in women?
a. disrupted menstrual cycles
b. irritation of the vulva
c. burning on urination
d. vaginal discharge
a. disrupted menstrual cycles
All but which of the following is a possible result of PID due to gonorrhea?
a. pain during coitus
b. appendicitis
c. sterility
d. ectopic pregnancy
b. appendicitis
If your gonorrhea becomes systemic, all but which of the following could be impacted?
a. brain
b. heart
c. adrenal glands
d. spinal cord
c. adrenal glands
All but which of the following is a possible site for a gonorrhea infection?
a. eyes
b. throat
c. rectum
d. lymph nodes
d. lymph nodes
All but which of the following is true of the antibiotic-resistant strains of gonorrhea?
a. they are mutating into the HIV virus
b. they are found more often in men having sex with men
c. they are found more often in California
d. they are found more often in Hawaii
a. they are mutating into the HIV virus
All but which of the following is an example of antibiotic abuse?
a. when we do not take our antibiotics as prescribed
b. antibiotics are used extensively in food production in this country
c. we sell our antibiotics on the street
d. bullying your doctor into giving you a prescription for antibiotics
c. we sell our antibiotics on the street
One of the reasons why STIs are so common is because:
a. most people do not practice good genital hygiene
b. most STI pathogens are airborne
c. there are so many mucous membranes associated with sexual activity
d. there are so many people having sex
c. there are so many mucous membranes associated with sexual activity
If a woman with syphilis is not treated early in her pregnancy, all but which of the following can result?
a. miscarriage
b. infertility
c. extreme damage to the fetus
d. fetal death
b. infertility
All but which of the following is true of primary syphilis?
a. a very high fever will help you identify that you have syphilis
b. the chancre is usually painless
c. the chancre can appear wherever the bacteria entered your body
d. the chancre will go away without treatment in 1-6 weeks
a. a very high fever will help you identify that you have syphilis
All but which of the following are ways in which syphilis is sneaky?
a. the discharge is not particularly noticeable
b. the chancre could be painless
c. the chancre could be as small as a pimple
d. the chancre will go away without treatment
a. the discharge is not particularly noticeable
All but which of the following are possible consequences of your STI being so sneaky as to not be detected by you?
a. you develop an immunity to treatment
b. you pass it on to others
c. you may suffer the long-term negative effects of an STI
d. you miss the opportunity for early treatment and resolution
a. you develop an immunity to treatment
All but which of the following are symptoms of secondary syphilis?
a. fatigue
b. a skin rash
c. fever
d. a chancre
d. a chancre
All but which of the following is true of latent syphilis?
a. there are no noticeable symptoms
b. this phase can last for several years
c. this is when symptoms are most noticeable
d. women can pass the infection onto their fetus
c. this is when symptoms are most noticeable
How is it that only 15% of those with untreated syphilis get to the tertiary stage?
a. the others had a strong immune system
b. they were infected with a much milder form of the bacteria
c. the others died from the symptoms associated with stages 1 and 2
d. people with syphilis are often quite depressed and commit suicide
a. the others had a strong immune system
All but which of the following are symptoms of the tertiary phase of syphilis?
a. stomach ulcers
b. psychosis
c. heart failure
d. liver damage
a. stomach ulcers
The most effective way to diagnose syphilis is:
a. by checking urinary mucus membranes
b. through an ultrasound
c. through a blood test
d. by scraping the inside of one's gum
c. through a blood test
All but which of the following is true regarding the treatment of syphilis?
a. if one waits until the tertiary phase to be treated, syphilis will most certainly kill you
b. early treatment will keep a fetus safe
c. one can be successfully treated at any time one is diagnosed
d. antibiotics cannot reverse nerve damage sustained in the tertiary phase
a. if one waits until the tertiary phase to be treated, syphilis will most certainly kill you
All but which of the following is true of the treatment of syphilis?
a. the strains of syphilis around today require significantly more antibiotics than was needed a decade ago
b. one needs to receive the antibiotics in injectable form
c. one needs to follow up to make sure that the treatment was successful
d. it is treated with a 10 day supply or oral antibiotics
d. it is treated with a 10 day supply of oral antibiotics
All but which of the following is true?
a. you can have both HSV1 and HSV2
b. you can only have HSV1 or HSV2
c. you can have HSV1 on your genitals
d. you can have HSV2 on your mouth
b. you can only have HSV1 or HSV2
All but which of the following could be true if your partner shows up with herpes and you don't have herpes?
a. your partner has been unfaithful
b. your partner has had herpes on her cervix for years
c. your partner was born with herpes
d. your partner's first outbreak was so slight he/she didn't notice
c. your partner was born with herpes
Women are more infected with herpes because:
a. they are reluctant to use condoms
b. they have more sexual partners
c. they have much more mucus membrane surface
d. the vaginal environment is very hospitable to the virus
c. they have much more mucus membrane surface
The herpes prodromal phase:
a. only occurs for genital herpes
b. only occurs for oral herpes
c. is the stage right before the outbreak of sores
d. is the most contagious phase
c. is the stage right before the outbreak of sors
All but which of the following could be a way in which a woman would learn of internal herpes?
a. she has an outbreak at the time of her pelvic exam and the doctor informs her
b. she experiences spotting with intercourse
c. she looks at her vulva with a light
d. she experiences pain with intercourse
c. she looks at her vulva with a light
All but which of the following is true of HSV2?
a. one is no longer contagious once the sores appear
b. the symptom period starts with the prodromal phase
c. the incubation period is 2-14 days
d. the sores are painful
a. one is no longer contagious once the sores appear
All but which of the following are additional symptoms associated with a genital herpes outbreak?
a. headaches
b. fever
c. muscle aches
d. constipation
d. constipation
When the herpes virus is not causing an outbreak on the skin:
a. it hangs out next to the spinal column
b. it is distributed through the body via the lymph system
c. it remains in the adrenal glands
d. it remains in the bloodstream
a. it hangs out next to the spinal column
All but which of the following are common triggers for a herpes outbreak?
a. poor nutrition
b. alcohol abuse
c. fatigue
d. anxiety
b. alcohol abuse
In order to protect a baby against being infected by the mother during delivery:
a. a special sleeve is inserted into the vagina to prevent contact
b. the baby is infused with antiviral medication a week prior to delivery
c. the mother is administered antivirals for weeks prior to delivery
d. the baby received a blood transfusion
c. the mother is administered antivirals for weeks prior to delivery
All but which of the following are possible complications of herpes?
a. prostate cancer
b. increased risk of HIV
c. cervical cancer
d. ocular herpes
a. prostate cancer
All but which of the following are means of administering antivirals for herpes infections?
a. topically
b. via suppository
c. orally
d. through IV
b. via suppository
All but which of the following is true of suppressive therapy?
a. it will reduce the number of outbreaks and speed up the healing
b. it will completely suppress all outbreaks
c. one takes a pill every day
d. this treatment is reserved for those who have 6 or more outbreaks per year
b. it will completely suppress all outbreaks
All but which of the following is true of episodic therapy?
a. one begins the medication when one feels the prodromal phase
b. this treatment is good for those who have fewer than 6 outbreaks per year
c. if taken during prodromal, one can avoid an outbreak
d. it will speed up the healing of the outbreak
c. if taken during prodromal, one can avoid an outbreak
All but which of the following are things one can do to manage one's genital herpes outbreak?
a. local anesthetic
b. antihistamines
c. aspirin
d. loose clothing
b. antihistamines
The most common viral STI in the world is:
a. herpes
b. syphilis
c. HIV / AIDS
d. HPV
d. HPV
It is estimated that approximately _____ of all sexually active people will acquire HPV at some point:
a. 15%
b. 25%
c. 33%
d. 50%
d. 50%
One could miss genital warts during a visual inspection for all but which of the following reasons?
a. the warts are on the vaginal walls
b. the warts are not visible
c. the warts are on the cervix
d. one is looking for the wrong kind of growth
d. one is looking for the wrong kind of growth
What does it mean to "clear" an HPV infection?
a. one no longer has the virus
b. the virus can no longer be detected
c. one is immune from contracting the virus again in the future
d. it is not clear what "clear" means
d. it is not clear what "clear" means
All but which of the following are cancers associated with HPV?
a. anal
b. cervical
c. penile
d. scrotal
d. scrotal
The reason women in developed countries do not die frequently from cervical cancer is because:
a. the strains of HPV that cause cancer are not common in developed countries
b. their improved nutrition leads to a better immune system
c. they have access to Pap smears
d. they have better hygiene
c. they have access to Pap smears
All but which of the following are methods of removing warts?
a. steroid creams
b. surgical removal
c. cryotherapy
d. laser removal
a. steroid creams
The biggest obstacle in achieving widespread vaccinations with Gardasil is:
a. getting local governments to make funds available for vaccinations
b. parents accepting that their children will likely be sexual before they would hope
c. convincing school boards to require Gardasil for admission to high school
d. convincing children of the need
b. parents accepting that their children will likely be sexual before they would hope
When we say that Gardasil reduces morbidity, we mean:
a. it reduces the stress associated with treating warts and worrying about cancer
b. it saves lives
c. it reduces the transmission of the virus
d. it rids women of their morbid thoughts about dying from cancer
a. it reduces the stress associated with treating warts and worrying about cancer
Which is the correct order from most to least likely to be transmitted sexually?
a. A, B, C
b. B, C, A
c. C, A, B
d. B, A, C
d. B, A, C
Hepatitis A is transmitted through:
a. oral sex
b. ingestion of infected fecal matter
c. anal intercourse
d. BDSM play
b. ingestion of infected fecal matter
All but which of the following substances can contain the hepatitis B virus and effect transmission?
a. fecal matter
b. vaginal secretions
c. blood
d. semen
a. fecal matter
If a person infected with Hepatitis C shares their _____ with their partner, they may infect that partner:
a. semen
b. vaginal fluids
c. needles
d. all of these
c. needles
All but which of the following is true regarding the management of hepatitis?
a. there are vaccines for A, B, and C
b. Hepatitis C is always treated with antivirals
c. for Hepatitis A, the only treatment is bed rest and fluids
c. Hepatitis B may be treated with antivirals if it's a "chronic" infection
a. there are vaccines for A, B, and C
there are only vaccines for A and B
Where did HIV come from?
a. it was a simian virus found in chimpanzees that mutated
b. the CIA launched HIV for eugenics purposes
c. God sent HIV to decimate the gays
d. a blood transfusion of a hemophiliac
a. it was a simian virus found in chimpanzees that mutated
In essence, HIV:
a. kills red blood cells
b. strips one of an immune system
c. destroys the liver
d. increases one's white blood cell count
b. strips one of an immune system
All but which of the following is true of HIV/AIDS?
a. the rate of infections is plateauing
b. less than 7% of those with HIV/AIDS are receiving treatment
c. there are more than 33,000,000 people living with HIV/AIDS
d. the rate of infections is climbing steadily
d. the rate of infections is climbing steadily
All but which of the following are bodily fluids that contain sufficient levels of HIV to effect transmission?
a. semen
b. blood
c. mucous
d. vaginal secretions
c. mucous
In order of concentration of HIV, from most to least:
a. semen, blood, vaginal secretion, breast milk
b. breast milk, blood, semen, vaginal secretions
c. vaginal secretions, breast milk, blood, semen
d. blood, semen, breast milk, vaginal secretions
a. semen, blood, vaginal secretions, breast milk
All but which of the following are means by which a woman could transmit HIV to her child?
a. prenatally
b. during breastfeeding
c. during birth
d. during a diaper change
d. during a diaper change
All but which of the following is true of viral load?
a. it is highest within the first few weeks of infection
b. it can be detected by an antibody test
c. it can be measured by an expensive blood test
d. it is the amount of virus in the blood
b. it can be detected by an antibody test
The most common "HIV test" is a test for:
a. the number of Helper T cells one has
b. the viral load
c. the strength of your immune system
d. the presence of HIV antibodies
d. the presence of HIV antibodies
When considering the risk associated with various sexual activities, the primary question one needs to ask is:
a. how many condoms shall I wear?
b. is oral sex ok?
c. how likely is the virus to get to my bloodstream?
d. is my partner infected?
c. how likely is the virus to get to my bloodstream?
All but which of the following is true of the relationship between foreskins and HIV infection / transmission?
a. the foreskin offers some protection of the urethra
b. there are special cells on the foreskin that are easily penetrated
c. there is always micro-trauma of the foreskin which could lead to infection
d. the foreskin serves as a "pocket" where the virus can be stored and transmitted
a. the foreskin offers some protection of the urethra
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