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KINS 4840 Test #1

Terms in this set (84)

Olympic Stadium
built 776 B.C.; included an alter, training facility, gymnasium, covered running track, and Stadia
Olympic Stadium (Athens, Greece)
built 331 BC, holds 50,000 spectators, hosted 1896 Olympics, had hippodromes and theaters
Hippodromes
horse racing tracks (25 BC)
Facilities in Ancient Rome times
coliseum, circus maximus, hippodromes, pankration
pankration
first MMA event (hosted at Olympics), featured wrestling, boxing, and martial arts where competitors could use arm twisting, punching, kicking, and, breaking bones, and even strangulation
Similarities of Facility Mgmt from ancient to modern times
- controlling and moving large # of people
-managing rowdy/violent crowds
-maintain flexibility in multiuse venues
-providing security and protection for VIPs
-controlling the types of petty crimes inherent with large gatherings of people
-keeping facilities clean and operational
differences in facility mgmt from ancient to modern times
-providing amenities for the press
-setting up TV camera platforms and TV cable hookups
-selling advertising space and naming rights
-using heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems
-modern parking concerns
-amount of food & beverages needed to feed over 100,000 fans
-complying w/ environmental, zoning, accessibility, and other legal issues
Trends that will affect future facilities
- technology
-construction process and procedures
-broadcasting needs
-more interactive activities
According to 2012 England sport fans, what would fans like to see in future sport facilities?
-more comfortable and spacious seating
-better transportation options
-better crown modeling to help crowd movement
-better technology to show replays and different angles
-safety designed standing room
Pan-Hellenic Games
earliest documented sporting event (776 BC); festival held every 4 yrs as a way men could relax from the year's hard work
What does the word sport derive from?
disport; "carry away from"; diverts the individual's attention away from everyday pressures
What was the first pastime and pro sport in the US?
Horse Racing; led to the development of pro leagues we see today
What is today's sport industry valued at?
$411 Billion
Why has the value of the sport industry increased?
technology has changed how events are marketed
What is the main issue in the sports industry?
- dropout rate of youth participants
- commercialism of sport
What should students do if they are seeking a job in event management?
students should be flexible and think creatively about the types of organizations in which they apply for
Characteristics of non-sport events
-corporate board meetings, business meetings, client appreciation events
-often revolve around a particular trade and are educational in nature
-in tough economic times, fewer corporate events may be planned
Skills, Knowledge, and Traits for success
-maintain a strong personal life
-organize, prioritize, supervise, and delegate
-attention to detail
-networking skills
-time management skills
-ability to multitask
-proficient technology skills
Sport Tourism
travel to and participation in or attendance at a predetermined sport activity
Types of Sport Tourism
- event sports
-active
- nostalgia based
event sports
mega-events, ex. Olympics or Superbowl
active sport tourism
involves resorts and other segments of the hospitality industry, ex. golf courses and ski resorts
nostalgia-based sport tourism
sport museums, hall of fames, and stadiums
How much money does sport tourism make per yr in the US?
$27 billion
tourism sport
the tourist engages in sport as a secondary pursuit
actors vs audience
actors: athletes, event planners
audience: spectators
Who are event planners employed by?
RHOs or DMOs
Rights-Holder Organizations (RHOs)
own rights to one or more events, ex. American Cancer Society and Relay for Life
Destination Marketing Organizations (DMOs)
organizations charged w/ representing a specific destination, ex. sport commissions or chambers of commerce
What does the integration of sport and tourism mean for event planners?
means they must be capable of collaborating between a network of organizations, or actors
What is the most important factor for RHOs when determining a site?
the venue
Facility Managers (FMs)
-key in the sport event network
- event planners work closely with them
- responsible for coordinating all the employees and entities involved in the facility to ensure they meet the goals
-ensure the contracts are fulfilled
Multi-sport events
-competitions featuring a variety of sports in a host city or region
-ex. Olympics, World Police and FIre Games
Multi-Location Events
-events spanning multiple venues and are particularly challenging
cross-cultural events
-involve interactions between members of different cultural groups
- important to understand cultural norms, religious differences
international events
- athletes play in other countries and easier for fans to access the events
-could be used to promote a sport or a sport entity
youth events
-have to balance the needs of participants with the needs of adults
-increased participation to 44 million in 2008
-attract high numbers of coaches & family members, generating business for restaurants and hotels
events for people w/ disabilities
some sports adopted while others have been created, ex. ParaOlympics
Senior Events
- lucrative because senior athletes tend to have high incomes, eat at upscale restaurant s, and take advantage of local attractions
- summer national senior is the largest multisport event in the world for seniors
family events
focus on family togetherness an educational components rather than competition
extreme events
- events provide a valuable connection between sponsors and young, active consumers
- DewTour and the X Games
Phases of event planning
1) Event development
2) planning
3) Implementation
4) Evaluation
event development
event organizers envision and event and champion the intention to hold event
planning phase
activities are undertaken to translate the organizing group's vision into a reality. goals and objectives are set
implementation phase
event organizers gather resources, train staff, implement management procedures, and coordinate activities
evaluation phase
results are matched with objectives to ensure the event is going as planned
What is the key to any successful event?
Strong leadership
manager
makes decisions, assign tasks, allocates resources, and solves problems
leader
motivates and inspires others to achieve the event's goals, provide a vision of how to achieve the outcomes
What drives many decisions related to event design and event planning?
purpose
What is the purpose of an event?
- promoting an issue
- promoting an image for an organization
-driving tourism
-promoting economic impact
-meeting sponsorship objectives
-promoting a sport
Factors to consider when selecting an event
-purpose of event
-format of the sporting event
-resources needed for success
-target market
-time required to plan the event
-timing of event (set-up, breakdown)
-availability, size of facility, and suitability of location
SWOT
Strength, Weakness, Opportunities, Threats
What provides the event with direction and can help with planning and decision making?
mission of the event
Goal setting
vital part of the planning process; provides direction and defines how the success or failure of an event will be measured
goals
broad, qualitative statements that provide direction in support of the event's mission. ex. create value for sponsors
objectives
specific, quantitative statements that serve as measurable indicators of whether the organization is meting its goals , SMART
SMART
Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic, Timely
Planning Logistics
date, time, location, duration
When should planning start?
18-24 months before the event to work well with media, sponsors, and sites without being rushed
What is the purpose of soliciting bids?
to identify the most qualified prospective hosts for the event
Who often hosts sporting events?
local sport commissions, conventions and visitors'' bureaus (CVB), civic organizations, and athletic conferences
When bidding for events, what are host looking for?
events that will..
-enhance the economy
-provide a catalyst for improving the host community's infrastructure and facility
-enhance community image
- provide an increased quality of life
-showcase the community's attributes and benefits
RFP
request for proposal, outlines an event's minimum requirements such as facility specifications, playing surface, spectator capacity, locker rooms, and amenities
feasibility studies
studies involving detailed forecasting and careful evaluation of available physical facilities, financial resources, human resources, community support, and political support, looks at the benefits and cost
bid documents
-made once a decision is made
- thorough accountings of site's key assets and how they conform to bid requirements
-highlight key strength of their bid and competitive advantages over other bidders
-financial aspects are the most important part of the bid
sport commissions
-nonprofit or govn't entities designed to attract or assist sporting events
-can play an important role in promoting economic activity
-provide social benefits to a community
Stages of Budgeting Process
1) gather info
2) forecast sales
3) project profit and losses
4) compare industry norms
5) determine capital needs
preliminary budget
-constructed in the earliest phase of the event
-reflects info that was gathered on projected revenue and expenses
-is a work in progress
working budget
- the estimating process is complete and actual #s are included
- includes specific and expected revenues
Media rights fee
broadcasters pay for rights to broadcast an event or its associated content
Media time buy
- event property buys air time and broadcasts the event
- GA producing ESPN U games
Media barter
-aka partnerships
-involves a split in advertisement revenue between event property and broadcaster
- SEC Network
Media syndication
event organizers can sell media rights to have their broadcast simultaneously on multiple television and radio stations
Media pay-per-view
cable or satellite tv providers offer the event and provider a fee for right to access event
What is an important tool for the development and management of event budgets?
spreadsheets
4 P's
Product, Price, Place, Promotion
Communication Promotion Tools
-advertising (paid)
-publicity (unpaid)
promotional objectives
statements about what they want to accomplish through the promotional program
sales promotion
involves a variety of technique...
- discounts
-special offers
- coupons
-samples
-premiums
- contest
-sweepstakes
brand
the combination of names, symbols, slogans, or logos that identify a product and distinguish it from other products
How do we activate sponsors in Stanford Stadium?
ribbon screen board
Niche events
ex. rolling down the hill competition, soap box derby
What of relationship exists between sports and the media?
symbiotic; we need them as much as they need us
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