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BIO EXAM I

Terms in this set (43)

What four elements make up a majority of living matter?
Carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen
How many electrons are involved in a double covalent bond?
Four
Which of the following macromolecules do NOT have polymers?
Lipids
An atom has three electrons in its valence shell. What types of covalent bonds is it capable of forming?
single, double, or triple
If a double-stranded DNA sample were composed of 20% adenine, what would be the percentage of cytosine?
30%
Which of the following best describes the input and output of the sodium/potassium pump?
3 Na+ out, 2 K+ in (SALTY BANANA)
T/F: Peptide bonds are broken when a protein is denatured
False
Which amino acid would most likely be found on the inside of a carrier protein that shuttles monosaccharides (glucose)?
SERINE
Which of the following molecules contains at LEAST one peptide bond?
peptidoglycan
Which of the following R-group interactions are NOT found in the tertiary structure of a protein?
Peptide bonds
Why is RNA function so versatile?
Fold into lots of complex structures bc it's not as structurally stable
True or False this a a hypothesis "we tested the hypothesis that treatment with a inhaled antinflamitory drug(ie.Budesonide) but not with an in haled Beta -angonist would reduce BR in Children with asthma and this minimal or no brochoconstriction.
False
Black coffee's pH is 5.0, while pure water has a pH of 7.0. How many more protons does black coffee have than water?
a hundred times as many
You pour some milk into your coffee and the pH jumps up from 5.0 to 6.0. What is the new concentration of protons ?
10-6 M
Select the complementary strand of 3'-ATTAGCACT-5'
3'-AGTGCTAAT-5'
Increasing cholesterol in the lipid bilayer _____ permeability because?
decreases; they increase packing density of hydrophobic tails
Order the following molecules/ions based on increasing rate of transport
free ions < large polar < small polar < small nonpolar
True or False this a a hypothesis" In this study, we tested the hypothesis that vascular smooth muscle cells express ATRAP and that ATRAP modulates ang 11-induced proliferative activity and oxidative stress in vascular smooth muscle cells.
True
If an enzyme solution is saturated with substrate, the most effective way to obtain a faster yield of products is to:
Add more of the enzyme
You would expect to see these organelles in these cells :
Testis cell,Smooth ER, Mesophyll leaf cell, Chloroplast, Pancreatic cell: Rough ER & secretory vesicles
Identify the 3 functional groups present in this amino acid: Cystine
Amino group, carboxyl group, sulfhydryl group
If an enzyme is added to a solution where its substrate and product are in equilibrium, what will occur?
Nothing; the reaction will stay at equilibrium
Some bacteria are metabolically active in hot springs because:
Their enzymes have high optimal temperatures
An enzyme-catalyzed reaction has G of -20 kcal/mol. If you double the amount of enzyme, what will be the new G?
-20 kcal/mol
Glucose diffuses slowly through artificial phospholipid bilayers. The cells lining the small intestine, however, rapidly move large quantities of glucose from the glucose-rich food into their glucose-poor cytoplasm. Using this information, which transport mechanism is most probably functioning in the intestinal cells?
Facilitated Diffusion
What is the difference between an aldose sugar and a ketone sugar?
The position of the carbonyl groups
Which type of interaction stabilizes the α-helix and the β-pleated sheet structures of proteins?
Hydrogen bonds
Aquaporins are proteins that control the passage of water molecules across a cell membrane. The protein forms a pore, or opening, in the membrane. You isolate what you think are two different molecules of aquaporin, and determine that one of the proteins has a larger pore diameter than the second. Which of the following do you conclude?
Two forms of aquaporins will have different sequences of amino acids
R-group of serine is -CH2-OH. R group of leucine is -CH2-CH-(CH3)2. Where would you find them in a protein in water?
Leucine: interior // Serine: exterior
T/F Ions can easily cross the lipid bilayer
False
What would happen to blood cells in a hypertonic solution?
They would shrivel up
A particular polypeptide was found to contain 100 amino acids. How many peptide bonds are present in this protein?
99
DNA, like RNA, has different levels of structure. Which of these bonds is involved in stabilizing double-helix structure
Hydrogen Bonds
What is being reduced in the following reaction?
Pyruvate
In a pulse chase experiment, Radioactively labeled amino acids are fed to a culture of bacteria and the bacteria are added to a culture of macrophages. from earliest to latest where would radioactive materials appear?
Vesicles near cell surface, vesicles deeper in cell, lysosomes, cytoplasm
What organelles are part of the endomembrane system?
Rough ER, smooth ER, vesicles, golgi apparatus, lysosome
Which of the following best describes actin treadmilling?
Equal rates of depolymerization at minus end & polymerization at plus end
True or False: microtubules serve as tracks for motor proteins like myosin
False
Canine phosphofructokinase (PFK) deficiency afflicts Springer spaniels, affecting an estimated 10% of the breed. Given its critical role in glycolysis, one implication of the genetic defect resulting in PFK deficiency in dogs is _____.
An intolerance for exercise
What scientific hypothesis can be tested by a pulse-chase experiment?
Movement of molecules within a cell over time
I am a protein in golgi tagged with mannose-6-phosphate. When I bind to the trans side receptor of golgi, where do I go?
Lysosome
You edit a protein's DNA code with ER signal seq., mannose-6-phosphate, and NLS. Where and what does the protein end up?
Lysosome as an acid hydrolase
Predict the final location of a protein that was modified to include an NLS, an NES and a mannose-6-phosphate tag.
End up sometimes in the nucleus and sometimes in the cytosol.
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