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Virginia Studies Jamestown

Terms in this set (66)

Reasons for English Colonization in America
Some European countries, including England, were in competition to increase their wealth and power by expanding their Empire to America
What are the ways establishing a American Colony would increase England's wealth and power?
England hoped to find Silver and gold in America

An American settlement would furnish raw material that could not be grown or obtained in England, while opening new markets for trade
The first permanent settlement in America
Jamestown - was founded in 1607 as an economic venture
Who financed the settlement of Jamestown
The stockholders of the Virginia Company of London
Where is Jamestown located?
When settlers arrived in 1607, Jamestown was located on a narrow peninsula bordered on three sides by the James River.
Why did the settlers choose the site at Jamestown?
The location could be easily defended from attack by sea (Spanish).

The water along the shore was deep enough for ships to dock.

They believed they had a good supply of fresh water.
Why were the charters granted by the King of England to the Virginia Company of London important.
The charters allowed the Virginia Company of London to establish and settlement in North America.

The Charters allowed the Virginia Company of London to extend English right to the settlers.
What was the first representative legislative body in English America called?
the General Assembly (1619)
What made up the General Assembly of 1619?
Two citizen representatives (burgesses) from each of the divisions of Virginia

The Governor's council

The Governor
When the House of Burgesses formed in 1640
the burgesses became a separate legislative body .They met separately from the Governor's Council as on of the two legislative bodies of the General Assembly
The House of Burgesses
the first elected legislative body in English America giving settler the opportunity to control their own government.
What was the impact of the arrival of additional women in 1620 on the Jamestown settlement?
It made it possible for the settlers to establish families and a more permanent settlement.
What was the impact of the arrival of Africans in 1619 on the Jamestown settlement?
It made it possible to expand the tobacco economy.
How did Africans arrive in Jamestown in 1619?
Against their will.

Captured by Portuguese sailors from Angola.
What hardships did the Jamestown settlers face?
The site on which they chose to live was marshy and lacked safe drinking water.

The settlers lacked some skills necessary to provide for themselves.

Many settlers died of starvation and disease.
What changes took place the resulted in the survival of the settlers?
The arrival of supply ships

The forced work program and strong leadership of Captain John Smith

The emphasis on agriculture.
England wanted to establish an American colony to increase its
wealth and power.
What did England hope to find in America?
silver and gold
An American settlement would:
furnish raw materials that could not be grown or obtained in England; open new markets for trade
Jamestown was primarily an
economic venture.
Who financed the settlement of Jamestown?
The stockholders of the Virginia Company of London
Jamestown became the first permanent English settlement in North America in
1607
When the settlers arrived in 1607, Jamestown was located
on a narrow peninsula bordered on three sides by the James River.
Where is Jamestown located today?
on an island in the James River
Instructions told the settlers to
go inland and find a suitable place for their colony.
Why did the settlers choose the site at Jamestown?
The location could be easily defended from attack by sea (by the Spanish); The water along the shore was deep enough for ships to dock; They believed they had a good supply of fresh water
Colony
A place far from home where a group of people called colonists settle. The settlers still keep some attachment to the place they left and their mother country rules the colony.
Charter
A document that grants certain rights to a town, city, land, school, or organization
Virginia's charters
The King of England granted charters to the Virginia Company of London to establish a settlement in North America and extend English rights to the colonists.
Legislative
Having the power to make laws
Assembly
A group of people gathered together for a common purpose
What was the first representative legislative body in English America?
The General Assembly (1619)
The General Assembly (1619) met as one legislative body to make laws for the colony. It consisted of:
Governor's Council (5 hand-picked men), Two Burgesses (representatives) from each of the divisions of VA, Governor
By the 1640's, the burgesses became a separate legislative body, called
the House of Burgesses. They met separately from the Governor's Council as one of the two legislative bodies of the General Assembly.
What was the first elected legislative body in English America, giving the settlers the opportunity to control their own government?
The House of Burgesses
What two groups made up the General Assembly in 1640?
The House of Burgesses and The Governor's Council
The current Virginia General Assembly
dates back to 1619 with the establishment of the General Assembly and the meeting of its burgesses in Jamestown.
Borough
A part of a city or county in charge of local matters. It was first used in England as a way to divide land by marking places that had a market and a church.
The arrival of additional women in 1620 made it possible for more settlers to
establish families and a permanent settlement at Jamestown.
Africans arrived in Jamestown in 1619 against their will.
Portuguese sailors captured African men and women from what is present day Angola. The status of these early African men and women as either servants or slaves in Virginia is unknown.
The arrival of Africans made it possible to
expand the tobacco economy.
Hardships faced by settlers
The site they chose was marshy and lacked safe drinking water;settlers lacked some skills necessary to provide for themselves; many died of starvation and disease
What change took place that resulted in the survival of the colony?
the arrival of supply ships; the forced work program and strong leadership of Captain John Smith;the emphasis on agriculture
Agriculture
Growing crops and raising animals for food and trade.
Who initiated trading relationships with the native peoples?
Captain John Smith
The native peoples mainly traded food with the English in exchange for
tools, pots, and copper for jewelry.
Powhatan, chief of many tribes,
provided leadership to his people and taught the settlers survival skills.
Pocahontas
daughter of Powhatan, served as a contact between the native peoples and the English.
The native peoples showed the settlers
how to plant corn and tobacco.
How did the relationship between the settlers and the native peoples change?
Over time, the native peoples realized the English settlement would continue to grow. The native peoples came to see the settlers as invaders who would take over their land.
cash crop
a crop that is grown to sell for money rather than to be used by the grower
tobacco
the major source of wealth in the Virginia Colony
agriculture
farming or growing of crops
economy
the buying, selling, and using of goods and services in a society
wealth
the amount of riches that someone has
labor
another word for the work that people do
slave
a person who is forced to work for someone else without pay
plantation
a large farm
credit
buying a good or a service now, with the promise to pay for it later
debt
a good or service owed to another person
saving
money that is put away to spend at a later time
tobacco
a crop that was used by colonial Virginians instead of money, to buy goods or services
banks
These did not exist in colonial Virginia, forcing people to find other ways of storing their wealth
consumers
people who use goods and services
currency
another word for money (paper bills & coins)
medium of exchange
something that is used to pay for a good or service
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