Biology 330 Exam 2 VOCAB

Catabolism
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Terms in this set (13)
Catabolism
biochemical reactions leading to energy conservation (usually as ATP) by the cell
Anabolism
the sum total of all biosynthetic reactions in the cell
Proton motive force
a source of energy resulting from the separation of protons and hydroxyl ions across the cytoplasmic membrane, generating a membrane electrochemical potential
Fermentation
anaerobic catabolism in which an organic compound is both an electron donor and an electron acceptor and ATP is produced by substrate-level phosphorylation
Anaerobic respiration
a form of respiration in which the terminal electron acceptor is not Oxygen
Gene
a segment of DNA specifying a protein (via mRNA), a tRNA, an rRNA, or any other noncoding RNA
Promoter
a site on DNA to which RNA polymerase binds to commence transcription
Operon
two or more genes transcribed into a single RNA and under the control of a single regulatory site
Splicing
a complex of ribonucleoproteins that catalyze the removal of introns from primary RNA transcripts
Catabolite repression
the suppression of alternative catabolic pathways by a preferred source of carbon and energy
Virulent virusa virus that lyses, or kills, the host cell after infectionTemperate virusa virus whose genome can replicate along with that of its hose without causing cell death, in a state called lysogeny (bacterial viruses) or latency (animal viruses)Provirusthe genome of a temperate, or latent, animal virus when it is replicating in step with the host chromosome