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general anatomy and physiology

Terms in this set (55)

the basic units of all living things, from bacteria to plants to animals, including human beings are:
Cells
The part of the muscle that does not move and is attached closest to the skeleton is the:
origin
the dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell is the :
nucleus
mitosis is the usual process of cell reproduction of human tissues that occurs when the cell divides into two identical cells called
daughter cells
the ____ is the watery fluid that surrounds the nucleus of the cell and is needed for growth, reproduction, and self repair
cytoplasm
the study of functions and activities performed by the body's structures is called :
physiology
Structures composed of specialized tissues designed to perform specific functions in plants and animals are:
organs
which type of tissues contracts and moves various parts of the body
muscle tissue
which type of tissues lines the heart, digestive and respiratory organs, and the glands?
epithelial tissue
the connection between two or more bones of the skeleton is called a :
joint
the _ is the larger of the two bones that form the leg below the knee
tibia
The oval, bony case that protects the brain is the:
cranium
the maxillae are the bones of the
upper jaw
The two bones that form the sides and top of the cranium are the:
parietal bones
the inner and larger bone in the forearm that is attached to the wrist and located in the side of the little finger is the
ulna
The foot is made up of ___ bones.
26
what is the U- shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports the tongue and it's muscles?
Hyoid bone
the broad muscle that covers the top of the skull and consists of the occipitalis and frontalis is the
epicranius
the __ are the muscles that straighten the wrist, hand, and fingers to form a straight line
extensors
The muscles that draw a body part, such as a finger, arm or toe, inward toward the median axis of the body or of an extremity are the ______________.
adductors
the system of nerves that carries impulses, or messages to and from the central nervous system is called the
peripheral nervous system
Sensory nerve endings called ___ are located close the surface of the skin.
receptors
The largest artery in the body is the
aorta
The main blood supply of the arms and hands are the:
ulnar and radial arteries
the popliteal artery supplies blood to the foot and divides into two separate arteries known as the :
anterior tibial and posterior tibial arteries
the __ muscle is the primary nasal muscle of concern to cosmetologist
Procerus
The muscle that raises the angle of the mouth and draws it inward is the _____ muscle
levator anguli oris
the __ cranial nerve is the chief motor nerve of the face
seventh
The muscle that covers the back of the neck and upper and middle region of the back is the:
Trapezius
The median nerve is a sensory-motor nerve that, with its branches, supplies the __________________________.
arm, hand
The deep perineal nerve extends down the __ behind the muscles
front of leg
The simplest form of nervous activity that includes a sensory and motor nerve is called a(n) ____.
reflex
deoxygenated blood flows from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation and waste removal and then returns that blood to the __ so oxygen rich blood can be delivered to the body
left atrium
Which nerve affects the muscles of the mouth?
buccal
Blood ___ the body's temperature.
helps to equalize
the __ supplies blood to the muscles of the eye
infraorbital artery
the technical term for the facial artery is the __ artery
External maxillary
the endocrine glands, also knows as __ glands, release hormonal secretions directly into the bloodstream
ductless
Which gland affects almost every physiologic process of the body?
pituitary
The ______ nerve supplies impulses to the skin of the forehead, upper eyelids, and interior portion of the scalp, orbit, eyeball, and nasal passage
ophthalmic
The heart is the organ that keeps the _____ moving within the circulatory system
blood
The complex system that serves as a protective covering and helps regulate the body's temperature is the _____________________ system.
integumentary
the gastrointestinal system consist of the __ stomach, intestines, salivary, and gastric glands, and other organs.
mouth
the __ system distributes blood throughout the body
circulatory
the __ system is responsible for breaking down foods into nutrients and wastes
digestive
the __ system is the body system consisting of a group of specialized glands that affect the growth, development, sexual functions and health of the entire body
endocrine
the __ system protects the body from disease by developing immunities and destroying disease causing microorganisms
lymphatic
the __ system covers shaped and holds the skeletal system in place
muscular
the __ system controls and coordinates all the other systems of the body and makes them work harmoniously and efficiently
nervous
the __ system performs the function of producing offspring and passing on the genetic code from one generation to another
reproductive
the __ system makes blood and oxygen available to body structures through breathing and eliminating carbon dioxide
respiratory
the __ system forms the physical foundation of the body
skeletal
the study of the human body structures that can be seen with the naked eye and how the body parts are organized is :
anatomy
Neurology is the scientific study of the structure, function, and pathology of the _______________.
nervous system
Lymph nodes filter the ___________________ vessels, which helps fight infection.
lymphatic
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