The Sixties and Vietnam

Term
1 / 33
John F. Kennedy (JFK)
Click the card to flip 👆
Terms in this set (33)
John F. Kennedy (JFK)
35th President of the United States. Was in office during the Bay of Pigs Invasion, Cuban Missile Crisis, and the building of the Berlin Wall.
John Glenn
first American to orbit the earth
Bay of Pigs Invasion
1961 failed invasion of Cuba by a CIA-led force of Cuban exiles. Embarrassed the U.S.
Cuban Missile Crisis
The 1962 confrontation between US and the Soviet Union over Soviet missiles in Cuba.
Lyndon B. Johnson (LBJ)
VP under JFK who was sworn in as president after JFK's assassination; Great Society and "War on Poverty"
Great Society
President Johnson called his version of the Democratic reform program the Great Society. In 1965, Congress passed many Great Society measures, including Medicare, civil rights legislation, and federal aid to education.
Barry Goldwater
1964; Republican contender against LBJ for presidency; platform included lessening federal involvement, therefore opposing Civil Rights Act of 1964; lost by largest margin in history
Anti-War Movement (Vietnam)
Was against the involvement of the U.S. in the Vietnam war - began small-among peace activists and students on college campuses-but gained attention in [mid 1960s] after the U.S. began bombing Vietnam. The Anti-war marches peaked in [late 1960s] after the successful Tet Offensive proved that war's end was nowhere in sight.
Feminist Movement
Sought various legal and economic gains for women, including equal access to professions and higher education; came to concentrate on right to vote; won support particularly from middle-class women; active in Western Europe at the end of the 19th century; revived in light of other issues in the 1960s.
Betty Friedan
1921-2006. American feminist, activist and writer. Best known for starting the "Second Wave" of feminism through the writing of her book "The Feminine Mystique".
Title IXNo person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.Black Power MovementAfrican American movement that focused on gaining control of economic and political power to achieve equal rights by force in necessary. (Malcolm X)Black PanthersA black political organization that was against peaceful protest and for violence if needed. The organization marked a shift in policy of the black movement, favoring militant ideals rather than peaceful protest.Chicano Movementorganized fight against discrimination faced by Latinos in education, employment and the legal system.Hector GarciaWorld War II Hero; a doctor and surgeon during world war II who received the Presidential Medal of Honor Frustrated with the segregation in housing, schools, and hospitals, he organized the American GI Forum for Mexican American veterans in 1948.Cesar ChavezOrganized Union Farm Workers (UFW); help migratory farm workers gain better pay & working conditionsDolores Huertataught farmworkers how to become citizens and how to vote; earned more money to buy food and clothing for them; worked with Cesar Chavez to form the National Farm Workers AssociationAmerican Indian Movement (AIM)a civil rights group organized to promote the interests of Native Americans. Introduced the term "Native American" and protested against textbooks, TV shows and movies that showed anti-American Indian bias.Mendez v. WestminsterMade it illegal to segregate Mexican American children in California schools. Case Decision: Segregation of children of a group was illegal without a special state law requiring it.Hernandez v. TexasRuled that Mexican Americans, though not a separate race, were still entitled as a class to protection under the 14th Amendment.Delgado v. Bastrop ISDMade it illegal to segregate Mexican American children in Texas schools.White v. RegesterBoundaries for Texas legislature cannot discriminate by setting up multi-member districts (1973)Edgewood ISD v. KirbyRequired changes in school finance to increase funding for students in poorer school districtsVietnam WarA prolonged war (1954-1975) between the communist armies of North Vietnam who were supported by the Chinese and the non-communist armies of South Vietnam who were supported by the United States.Domino TheoryA theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control.Gulf of Tonkin Resolution1964 Congressional resolution that authorized President Johnson to commit US troops to South Vietnam and fight a war against North Vietnam.VietnamizationPresident Richard Nixon's strategy for ending U.S involvement in the Vietnam war, involving a gradual withdrawal of American troops and replacement of them with South Vietnamese forces.Roy BenavidezA war hero of Vietnam, who had been presented with the Congressional Medal of Honor by Reagan.Tet Offensivea massive surprise attack by the Vietcong on South Vietnamese towns and cities in early 1968. Turning point in the war because it demonstrated to the American public that victory was far away and that the Vietcong were stronger and more organized than America thought.Credibility GapAmerican public's growing distrust of statements made by the government during the Vietnam War. In example: President Johnson was telling the American public that we were winning the war but war reporters and journalists reported otherwise."Silent Majority"President Richard Nixon believed most Americans supported America's involvement in the Vietnam War and referred to these supporters as the "silent majority"Fall of SaigonMarked the end of the Vietnam War. North Vietnamese invaded South Vietnam, forcing all Americans left to flee in disarray as the capital was taken.Beat GenerationGroup highlighted by writers and artist who stressed spontaneity and spirituality instead of apathy and conformity.