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Anesthetics Part 1: Regional anesthesia

Terms in this set (13)

1. Neuraxial (spinal, epidural) blocks
2. Peripheral nerve blocks
3. Infiltration
What are the delivery techniques of regional/local anesthetics?
1.
2.
3.
1. sensory impulses, and with higher concentrations, motor impulses from the periphery to the CNS
2. prevents transient increase in permeability of the nerve membrane to Na+ that is required to generate an action potential
3. stops nerve sensation from being transmitted from the source to the brain
Finish the description of the mechanism of action for regional anesthetics
1. Blocks nerve conduction of ... and with higher concentrations, blocks ...
2. Na+ ion channels are blocked -> ...
3. prevention of action potentials -> ...
injection of local anesthetic around major nerves or spinal cord to block pain from a large region of the body
How is nerve block anesthesia applied?
1. provides muscle relaxation as well as postoperative pain relief since its numbing effects can last 8-12 hours
2. reduces need for pain medicine after surgery, as well as other side effects
What are the two benefits of regional nerve block anesthesia?
1.
2.
1. used for surgeries below belly button
2. used as local anesthetic to numb area where needle is inserted
3. depending on surgery, patients may also be placed under general anesthesia or a mild sedative that allows then to relax and/or sleep
Give general descriptions of Epidural and spinal anesthesia
1.
2.
3.
1. lumbar region using a special needle that is inserted between the vertebrae of the spinal column into the epidural space around the spine
2. a small catheter is placed into the epidural space via the needle, and then the needle is removed, leaving the catheter in place
3. local anesthetics and narcotics are then given through the catheter
describe the administration of epidural anesthesia
1. administered where and how?
2. once in place, what next
3. what kind of drug are given and how?
10-25 minutes
how long does an epidural anesthesia procedure last?
labor, cesareans, colon and gastrointestinal tract surgeries
What are the types of procedures that use epidurals?
since a catheter is used, pain medicine can be administered post-operation as needed
how can epidurals be used for post operative pain?
1. n lower lumbar regina using a spinal needle inserted between the vertebrae into and through the dura
2. a local anesthetic and sometimes a narcotic
3. needle removed
describe the administration of spinal anesthesia
1. where and how
2. once in place, what kind of drugs are given through the needle?
3. What happens to needle afterwards
5-20 minutes
How long does a spinal anesthesia take?
gynecologic, urologic and lower extremity surgeries
Spinal anesthesia is used on what types of procedures?
different medications have different characteristics to consider
There are many different kinds of regional anesthetics, different esters and amides. Because of this, wha's important to consider?
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