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Autoimmune Diseases

Terms in this set (27)

pathology: increased TH cell and decreased T reg cell function, NK cells do not kill efficiently, B cells are over-reactive, immune complexes not cleared well, circulating antibodies
SLE
symptoms: Fever, fatigue, butterfly rash, arthritis, hepatic inflammation, glomerulonephritis, hemolytic anemia, lymphadenopathy
SLE
serology: Antinuclear antibody (ANA)—nonspecific,~95% patients with _________ will be positive, but positive predictive value (PPV) 5-10%
SLE
most specific test for this disease is Anti-Sm (Smith)
SLE
characterized by low C3 and C4 levels
SLE
70% of patients with _________________ exhibit HLA-DR4 haplotype
rheumatoid arthritis (RA)
pathogenesis: Stimulation of B cells that make IgM, IgG, & IgA to the Fc region of IgG, Form immune complexes, Cytokines
RA
symptoms: Joint pain and swelling, progressive destruction of cartilage
RA
diagnosis: Latex agglutination—slide & tube, ELISA, ANA, Anti-cyclic citrullinated (CC) peptide, Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), CRP
RA
pathogenesis: Genetic factors—HLA-DR2, Molecular mimicry — structural similarities between a microorganism and self Ags
multiple sclerosis (MS)
symptoms: Disturbance in visual acuity, motor disturbances affects walking & use of hands, incontinence, etc.
MS
diagnosis: Clinical signs and symptoms, CNS MRI, Increased oligoclonal IgG in CSF, Anti-MBP antibody, serum and CSF
MS
pathogenesis: Neuromuscular junction releases acetylcholine (ACh) which binds to acetylcholine receptor (AChR), Autoantibodies to AChR
myasthenia gravis
symptoms: Muscle weaknessb. Ocular disturbances, Blepharoptosis, Diplopia, Oropharyngeal muscle weakness
myasthenia gravis
diagnosis: most useful = Antibodies to AChR (anti-AChR antibodies), Anti-muscle-specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK)
myasthenia gravis
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