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HIST104: Exam 3

Terms in this set (60)

Your textbook notes that there was a certain irony to progressivism. For all of its lofty rhetoric about restoring American democracy and seeking justice for all, the progressive era actually witnessed:
A. a decline in voter participation
B. More decisions being made by unelected bureaucrats.
C. increased disenfranchisement of African-Americans
D. all of the above
D. all of the above
Americans were horrified when much of the world plunged into war in 1914. Although there were many complex diplomatic factors at play, the "trigger" for the Great War was the assassination of:
A. King George of England
B. Czar Nicholas of Russia
C. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria
D. Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany
c. Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria
The nation was stunned in May of 1915 when a British ocean-liner, sailing from New York to Liverpool, England was sunk by a German U-boat, killing over 128 American passengers. This was the:
A. Queen Elizabeth II
B. Lusitania
C. Titanic
D. Northern Star
B. Lusitania
Although President Wilson clearly wanted to keep the US out of the Great War, he had little choice but to prepare the nation to defend itself in case of war. To this end his government supported the:
A. National Defense Act (1916)
B. Naval Construction Act (1916)
C. Revenue Act of 1916
D. all of the above
D. all of the above.
Of all the factors which ultimately led the US to declare war on Germany in April of 1917, THE SINGLE MOST COMPELLING MATTER WAS:
A. Germany's policy of unrestricted submarine warfare and the sinking of 5 US vessels in March, 1917.
B. The Zimmerman telegram, from Germany to Mexico
C. The 1st Russian Revolution of 1917
D. Teddy Roosevelt's call for the US to declare war.
A. Germany's policy of unrestricted submarine warfare and the sinking of 5 US vessels in March, 1917.
On the home front several major changes took place. Which of the following was NOT a consequence of America's participation in the war?
A. "The Great Migration" of African Americans to the industrial centers of the north.
B. increased use of Mexican-American labor
C. increased circulation of foreign-language and socialist newspapers.
D. greater participation of in the labor force, "doing men's work"
C. increased circulation of foreign-language and socialist newspapers.
While President Wilson was intent upon "making the world safe for democracy", certain civil liberties and the right of free speech were curtailed in the US through:
A. the Selective Service Act
B. the Espionage and Sedition Act
C. the sale of "Liberty" bonds
D. the Fourteen Points
B. the Espionage and Sedition Act
Those most hard hit by the suspension of civil liberties were:
A. militant labor organizations
B. foreign language newspapers
C. socialist and anarchist organizations
D. all of the above
D. all of the above
America's greatest contribution to the fighting of the Great War - and the place where the US took the most casualties - was:
A. the Meuse-Argonne offensive
B. The Battle of the Somme
C. The Battle of Vimy Ridge
D. the US intervention in the Russian Civil War
A. the Meuse-Argonne offensive
President Wilson had long been an advocate for peace - and the establishment of a "New World Order". In his Fourteen Points of January 8th, 1918 he called for:
A. Germany to pay "war reparations" to the Allies.
B. Germany to accept a "guilt clause" in the Peace Treaty
C. the creation of a League of Nations
D. the creation of a North American Treaty Organization
C. the creation of a League of Nations
For Henry Cabot Lodge and the "Reservationists" which part of the proposed Treaty of Versailles was the most objectionable? Was it:
A. Article X of the League of Nations Covenant
B. the Guilt Clause
C. independence for Poland
D. none of the above
A. Article X of the League of Nations Covenant
Even as the US emerged from the "Great War" it was wrecked by:
A. Post-War unemployment
B. The Spanish Flu
C. The Red Scare
D. all of the above
D. all of the above
The phrase "Red Summer" refers to:
A. the dramatic outburst of Anarchist bombings in the summer of 1919.
B. the dramatic outburst of racially motivated violence against African Americans in the summer of 1919.
C. the dramatic outburst of strike activities by workers in the summer of 1919.
D. the dramatic victory of the Boston Red Sox in the World Series of 1919.
B. the dramatic outburst of racially motivated violence against African Americans in the summer of 1919.
A Mitchell Palmer was:
A. the US Secretary of Commerce
B. the US Attorney-General
C. the leader of the Anarchist Party of America
D. the leader of the Socialist Party of America
B. the US Attorney-General
The rise of the "new KKK" during the 19teens and the 1920s was associated with their support for:
A. 100% Americanism
B. unrestricted immigration into the US
C. public funding for Catholic Schools
D. the Bolshevik Revolution
A. 100% Americanism
The Scopes Monkey Trial is often seen as an example of:
A. Christian Fundamentalism vs Modernism
B. Catholic belief vs Protestant belief
C. capitalist ideas vs socialist ideas
D. none of the above
A. Christian Fundamentalism vs Modernism
After many years of work by the WCTU and the Anti-Saloon League. Prohibition on the sale and manufacture of liquor became the law of the land in 1919 when:
A. the 18th Amendment was ratified
B. the 21st Amendment was ratified
C. FDR became President of the US
D. Warren G. Harding became President of the US.
A. the 18th Amendment was ratified
After decades of struggle, US women finally won the right to vote (suffrage) when:
A. the Equal Rights Amendment was ratified
B. the Volstead Act was passed
C. the 19th Amendment was ratified
D. none of the above
C. the 19th Amendment was ratified
Among the intended consequences of Prohibition was/were:
A. the popularity of drinking in "speakeasies"
B. a rise in cynicism regarding the law
C. an increase in organized criminal activity
D. all of the above
D. all of the above
The Harlem Renaissance was most closely associated with the work of black writers such as:
A. Claude Mackay, Langston Hughes, Zora Hurston, and Contée Cullen.
B. Ezra Pound, Gertrude Stein, and TS Elliot
C. Thomas Wolfe and William Faulkner
D. Sherwood Anderson, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Ernest Hemingway
A. Claude Mackay, Langston Hughes, Zora Hurston, and Contée Cullen.
Marcus Garvey was:
A. the founder of the Universal Negro Improvement League
B. a Jamaican-born man who believed in a return to Africa for all African Americans
C. a man who preached a form of "black nationalism"
D. all of the above
D. all of the above
WEB DuBois was:
A. a strong supporter of the ideas of Marcus Garvey
B. a strong supporter of the ideas of Booker T. Washington
C. a strong supporter of the 100% Americanism of the KKK
D. a strong supporter and co-founder of the NAACP
D. a strong supporter and co-founder of the NAACP
When President Coolidge decided not to seek another term in office, in 1928 the Republican Party nominated:
A. Governor Al Smith of New York
B. Secretary of the Treasury Mellon
C. Secretary of Commerce Hoover
D. Secretary of State, Charles Evan Hughes
C. Secretary of Commerce Hoover
In the 1928 Presidential Election, Americans had a choice between:
A. a Quaker Engineer from Iowa and a Roman Catholic, Professional Politician from New York
B. an Anglican Social Worker Nebraska and a Jewish Farmer from California
C. a Methodist Minister from Ohio and an African American Lawyer from Chicago
D. none of the above
A. a Quaker Engineer from Iowa and a Roman Catholic, Professional Politician from New York
After his election in 1928 the new President quickly found himself confronted with a series of economic problems. The first sign that there was trouble looming was that:
A. US plants could not produce all the consumer goods that were in the demand
B. auto sales and new home construction both slowed significantly
C. no one was willing to invest in the stock market
D. European exporters no longer wanted to sell goods to the US
B. auto sales and new home construction both slowed significantly
In 1928-29 the stock market had entered into what your textbook described as a "fantasy world". This means that stocks were:
A. selling for far less than their real value, based on the actual assets of the companies involved.
B. being traded for baseball players in "fantasy leagues"
C. selling for far more than their real value, based on the actual assets of the companies involved.
D. all of the above
C. selling for far more than their real value, based on the actual assets of the companies involved.
The President tried to address this "fantasy world" in mid-1929 by having:
A. the Federal Reserve Board raise interest rates to slow the rate of speculation
B. the Federal Reserve Board lower interest rates to encourage more consumer purchasing
C. the Treasurer Department increase personal income tax rates
D. the Treasurer Department decrease personal income tax rates.
A. the Federal Reserve Board raise interest rates to slow the rate of speculation
Which of the following is NOT associated with the stock market crash of 1929:
A. a sudden series of sell orders issued by nervous investors on October 23
B. a panic on the part of some investors who were worried about meeting their "margin calls"
C. a poorly timed intervention by the Securities and Exchange Commission
D. a second wave of panic selling on October 28 and 29
C. a poorly timed intervention by the Securities and Exchange Commission
Both your textbook and lectures argues that the crash of 1929 was not the only cause of the Depression. Which of the following are NOT part of the structural causes of the Depression?
A. too much new plant and too much production
B. too few consumers because of relatively low wages
C. a balance of trade problems with Europe
D. too much free trading on the international market because of extremely low tariffs
D. too much free trading on the international market because of extremely low tariffs
Because so many foreign governments and companies were in debt to the United States, and desperate for US dollars to meet their debt obligations, we began to see a phenomenon known as "dumping". This was when:
A. goods were sold in the US for more than their real value in order to earn more money
B. goods were sold in the US for less than their real value in order to gain US currency
C. no goods were sold in the US in hopes of driving the country into bankruptcy
D. none of the above
B. goods were sold in the US for less than their real value in order to gain US currency
The government's response to dumping was:
A. passage of the McKinley Tariff
B. passage of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff
C. passage of the Underwood-Simmons Tariff
D. the removal of all remaining tariffs
B. passage of the Hawley-Smoot Tariff
As many economists had predicted, the government's new tariff policy of 1930 resulted in:
A. an immediate increase in consumer prices
B. foreign reprisals, which damaged America's export trade
C. a dramatic loss of foreign markets for US farmers
D. all of the above
D. all of the above
As the economic crisis deepened in 1930-31, which of the following statements about the crisis is NOT true:
A. terms like "Hoovervilles", "Hoovermobiles", "Hoover blankets" became common
B. Unemployment levels surpassed 25%
C. Farms prices increased by 25%
D. Stock market values continued to fall
C. Farms prices increased by 25%
The President, facing problems of unprecedented proportion:
A. counseled optimism
B. advocated a series of Public Works projects be started early
C. cut the lending rate at the Federal Reserve to loosen up the money supply
D. all of the above
D. all of the above
When a second wave of crisis hit in 1931 - related to European Bank failures and a move away from the gold standard by many trading nations - the President responded by:
A. declaring a national bank holiday
B. taking the US off the gold standard
C. repealing the Hawley-Smoot Tariff
D. none of the above, he clung to his beliefs in fiscal orthodoxy
D. none of the above, he clung to his beliefs in fiscal orthodoxy
While some historians argue that President Hoover did very little to fight the effects of the Depression, your textbook and our lectures point to a series of steps he took to fight the economic crisis. Which of the following list was NOT part of his plan to restore financial stability? Was it:
A. the creation of the Reconstruction Finance Corporation
B. passage of the first Glass-Steagall Act
C. immediate payment of bonuses to WW1 veterans
D. passage of the Federal Home Loan Bank Act
C. immediate payment of bonuses to WW1 veterans
Almost certainly the saddest moment of the Hoover administration came when the President ordered for the forcible removal of:
the bonus army of WW1 veterans that were occupying a Washington, DC park.
The Washington Naval Conference of 1921-22 was an attempt on the part of the US to limit a naval arms race and to maintain the "Open Door" to China. What was NOT a result of this conference.
A. a dramatic improvement in Japanese-American relations
B. the Five Power Agreement between the US, Britain, Japan, France, and Italy
C. the Nine Power Treaty, guaranteeing the maintenance of the "Open Door" to China.
D. the 5:5:3 ratio of vessels between the US, Britain, and Japan
A. a dramatic improvement in Japanese-American relations
During the 1920s and 1930s, the central themes of US foreign policy could best be described as:
A. aggressively imperialistic
B. isolationist, neutral, and pacific
C. interventionist and internationalist
D. none of the above
B. isolationist, neutral, and pacific
The Kellogg-Brand Pact of 1928 was:
A. an agreement to provide collective security for all the world's smaller, less powerful nations
B. a meaningless agreement to outlaw war as a means of settling international dispute.
C. a non-aggression pact between the Soviet Union and Germany
D. the most effective international agreement ever signed.
B. a meaningless agreement to outlaw war as a means of settling international dispute.
Some would argue that the first real step towards World War II was taken in 1931 when:
A. the Soviets invaded eastern Poland
B. the Italians invaded Ethiopia
C. the Japanese invaded Manchuria
D. the Germans took the Sudetenland
C. the Japanese invaded Manchuria
The first successful fascist regime to be established in Europe in the early 1920s was that of:
A. Joseph Stalin in Russia
B. Benito Mussolini in Italy
C. Adolph Hitler in Germany
D. General Franco in Spain
B. Benito Mussolini in Italy
In 1934 a US Senator headed a committee to investigate the munitions and finance industries and concluded that America had been drawn into the "Great War" by the "Merchants of Death". This was:
A. Senator Norris of Nebraska
B. Senator Long of Louisiana
C. Senator Nye of North Dakota
D. Senator Lindbergh of Minnesota
C. Senator Nye of North Dakota
In the first Neutrality Act of 1935, President Roosevelt had wanted:
A. a ban on all trade with "belligerent nations"
B. the right to impose economic sanctions against "aggressor nations"
C. the power to declare war against "belligerent nations"
D. the right to sell US arms and ammunition to all nations in order to end the Depression.
B. the right to impose economic sanctions against "aggressor nations"
In the Neutrality Act of 1936 Congress extended the life of the older Act and placed a ban on loans and credits to belligerent nations. But because it did not include Civil Wars, US companies were able to sell over $100,000,000 worth of trucks and petroleum products to:
A. Tojo's forces in Japan
B. Franco's forces in Spain
C. Mussolini's forces in Ethiopia
D. Hitler's forces in Austria.
B. Franco's forces in Spain
In the Neutrality Act of 1937, a major "loophole" was inserted at the President's request. This was the:
A. Spanish Civil War clause
B. cash and carry clause
C. trade with Germany clause
D. Santa Clause
B. cash and carry clause
When Japan attacked China from its Manchukuo bases in July of 1937, FDR was able to allow US companies to supply China with US materials - including arms and ammunition - because:
A. he had vetoed the Net Neutrality Act of 1937
B. he was willing to act illegally in order to help the Chinese
C. he had never acknowledged that a state of war existed, and neither of the belligerents had formally declared war
D. none of the above, he prevented US goods from going to China
C. he had never acknowledged that a state of war existed, and neither of the belligerents had formally declared war
After Britain and France declared war on Germany (following its invasion of Poland) public opinion in the US changed enough to allow the President to force Congress to amend the Neutrality Act in such a way that the US could:
A. provide arms and ammunition to Britain and France on a cash and carry basis
B. provide arms and ammunition to Germany and the Soviet Union on a cash and carry basis
C. provide arms and ammunition to any nation of the world on credit
D. none of the above, Congress refused to amend the Neutrality Act
A. provide arms and ammunition to Britain and France on a cash and carry basis
As your textbook notes, if there was any one major civil liberties scandal associated with the US "homefront" it would have to be
a) the failure to hire women to work in war industries
b) the failure to provide equal pay and conditions of employment for African American war workers
c) the massive internment of Japanese-Americans, and their subsequent loss of property
d) the massive internment of Italian and German-Americans, and their subsequent loss of property
c) the massive internment of Japanese-Americans, and their subsequent loss of property
After Germany declared war on the US, British Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill visited the US and he and the American leadership agreed on a war plan which called for
a) a primary focus upon the war in the Pacific
b) a primary focus upon defeating Hitler
c) an immediate Allied re-invasion of France
d) a primary focus upon getting US and British troops to Russia to help the Soviets defeat the Germans
b) a primary focus upon defeating Hitler
Although no one knew it at the time, the turning point in the Pacific theater of war came at the battles of the Coral Sea and Midway. In both cases the key to America's (relative) success was
a) possession of much larger naval forces
b) advance knowledge of Japanese movements via signals intelligence
c) a superior commander-in-chief in the person of General MacArthur
d) none of the above, we lost both battles badly
b) advance knowledge of Japanese movements via signals intelligence
Aside from America's ongoing naval battles on the Atlantic Ocean, the first major use of US combat troops outside of the Pacific Theater came in
a) Italy
b) North Africa
c) France
d) Russia
b) North Africa
The successful US-led Allied invasion of Sicily had an unexpected result.
a) Mussolini was deposed and a new Italian government sued for peace
b) General Franco decided to join the Allied war effort, bringing Spain into the conflict
c) All of Italy immediately fell into Allied hands, as German and Italian forces retreated
d) US soldiers finally developed a taste for decent wine
a) Mussolini was deposed and a new Italian government sued for peace
Operation Overlord was the code name for
a) the Allied invasion of North Africa
b) the Allied invasion of Italy
c) the Allied invasion of France
d) the third Harry Potter movie
c) the Allied invasion of France
Early in 1945 the "Big Three" met at Yalta to discuss the shape of the post war world - and to make preparations for the final phases of the war. When it came to determining the post war future of eastern Europe it was
a) Stalin who "held most of the cards"
b) FDR who "held most of the cards"
c) the Polish-Government-in-Exile who "held most of the cards"
d) a complete free-for-all, as the balance of power was so uncertain
a) Stalin who "held most of the cards"
Among other decisions arrived at in Yalta, the Big Three agreed upon
a) the sharing of all atomic weapons data
b) the idea of a veto for the permanent members of the UN Security Council
c) doing away with any "spheres of influence"
d) the dismantling of the British Empire
b) the idea of a veto for the permanent members of the UN Security Council
In its first application of the "Truman Doctrine", Congress provided aid to those fighting Communists in
a) Czechoslovakia
b) Albania and Macedonia
c) Eastern Germany and Yugoslavia
d) Greece and Turkey
d) Greece and Turkey
The Marshall Plan was designed to provide
a) military aid to those fighting Communism
b) a mutual aid and defense treaty for the "free world"
c) economic aid to speed the recovery of Europe after WW II
d) economic aid to speed the recovery of the US after WW II
c) economic aid to speed the recovery of Europe after WW II
The person usually credited with developing the idea of "Containment" is
a) Alger Hiss
b) George Marshall
c) George Kennan
d) Harry Hopkins
c) George Kennan
Because of a major disagreement over the conduct of the war in Korea - and de facto insubordination - President Truman "fired"
a) General Patton
b) General Eisenhower
c) General MacArthur
d) General Ridgeway
c) General MacArthur
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