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Anatomy and Physiology Final Review

Terms in this set (115)

the study of the function of the body and body parts is called:

when correctly situated in anatomical position, where are your feet in relation to your knees:

which of the following orientation and directional terms have the same meaning (in humans):

anterior and ventral

which of the following orientation terms have opposite meanings (in humans):

distal and proximal

Mandy pulled a muscle in the inguinal region. where is this region:

in describing the relationship between the patellar and popliteal regions:

the patellar region is anterior to the popliteal region

which body cavity can be subdivided into four quadrants and nine regions:

abdominopelvic cavity

the lungs and heart are situated in the ____ body cavity

which of these body regions is located on the anterior side of the body:

the region that refers to the fingers and the toes is the:

the dorsal body cavity houses the:

spinal cord and brain

which of these regions are associated with the parts of the arm:

brachial, antecubital, carpal

which of these regions is NOT associated with the ventral (anterior) portion of the head:

a section that divided the body on the longitudinal plane into equal right and left parts is called:

median (midsagittal)

which type of section could be used to separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity:

which ventral cavity subdivision has no bony protection:

which set of regions in the abdominopelvic cavity is medial:

epigastric, umbilical, and hypogastric regions

the thoracic cavity is ____ to the abdominopelvic cavity

the ribs are located in the:

right and left hypochondriac regions

which one of the following is NOT true about the plasma membrane:

it consists of two lipid layers

the molecules that make the cell surface fuzzy, sticky, and sugar-rich are the:

nutrients and ions can pass directly from cell to cell through special membrane junctions known as:

osmosis transports water across membranes using:

two types of endocytosis are:

phagocytosis and pinocytosis

a solution that contains fewer solutes than the cell is:

the portion of the cell's life cycle that does NOT involve cell division is known as:

Goblet cells are found in:

simple columnar epithelium

which type of tissue conducts electrochemical impulses:

which of the following is NOT classified as a connective tissue:

skeletal muscle

the tissue that is usually vascularized and has an extensive extracellular matrix is called:

connective tissue

the epithelial tissue found in areas subject to considerable friction and abuse, such as the esophagus, is:

stratified squamous epithelium

fat is best described as:

glands, such as the thyroid, that secrete their products directly into the blood rather than through ducts are classified as:

the type of muscle found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, and in the walls of blood vessels is:

fibrosis tissue repair involves the formation of:

intercalated discs found in cardiac muscle tissue are:

Jacinda tore her Achilles (calcaneal) tendon during a recent track meed. she has injured:

dense connective tissue

looking into a microscope, you notice cells swimming, propelled by a long tail. what cell structure must these cells have in order to be mobile:

a patient arrives in the hospital extremely dehydrated. in order to fill his cells with fluid, what type of intravenous drip should he receive:

which moist epithelial membrane lines body cavities that open to the exterior:

the innermost serous membrane covering the outside of the heart is the:

visceral pericardium

serous fluid reduces friction:

between the visceral and parietal layers of serous membranes

the only dry membrane is the:

cutaneous membrane

synovial membranes are found in the:

the skin and its derivatives (nails, glands, and hairs) form the:

integumentary system

which of the following is a vital function of the skin:

it converts modified epidermal cholesterol to vitamin D

although you get wet while swimming, a tough protein within the skin prevents it from soaking up moisture like a sponge. this substance is:

the epidermis is composed of:

stratified squamous epithelium

the two main layers of skin are:

epidermis and dermis

the "tanning" effect (darkening of the skin) that occurs when a person is exposed to the sun is due to:

nails are composed of:

the secretions of the eccrine glands are:

mostly water, sodium chloride, and trace amounts of wastes, lactic acid, and vitamin C

a physician estimates the volume of fluid lost in a severely burned patient by:

using the "rule of nines"

which of the following is an indication of melanoma:

a pigmented spot that contains areas of different colors

sebum is responsible for all of the following except:

body temperature regulation

the most important minerals stored in bones are:

calcium and phosphorus

which of the following groups of bones in the human body, categorized according to shape, is correct:

skull bones - flat bones

the femur, tibia, humerus, and radius are all classified as:

what type of tissue covers the epiphysis of bones and reduces friction in the joints:

articular cartilage

in adults, the function of the yellow marrow is to:

store adipose tissue

the presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that:

bone length is increasing

the bone cells that respond to parathyroid hormone (PTH) to destroy bone matrix and release calcium into the blood are called:

which of the following bones is NOT considered part of the appendicular skeleton:

what kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo:

hyaline cartilage

which of the following is an example of a bone that forms from fibrous membranes:

the parietal bone

the factor(s) that determine where the bone matrix is to be remodeled is(are):

stresses of gravity and muscle pull on the skeleton

there are four stages n the healing of a bone fracture. which of the following best illustrates the sequence of these stages:
1. bony callus formation
2. bone remodeling
3. fibrocartilage callus formation
4. hematoma formation

a compound fracture can be described as when:

the broken bone is exposed to the outside

a fracture that is common in children, whose bones have relatively more collagen in their matrix and are more flexible than those of adults, is a(n):

greenstick fracture

the axial skeleton contains:
1. skull
2. arms and legs
3. ribs and sternum
4. vertebrae
5. pelvic girdles

all of the following facial bones are paired except one. which of the following is the unpaired facial bone:

the fibrous connections between the bones of a fetal skull are:

which of these bones is associated with the hand:

the hyoid bone is unique because:

it is the only bone of the body that does not directly articulate with any other bone

the atlas is the:

first cervical vertebra

which is the correct order of ribs, from superior to inferior:

true ribs, false ribs, floating ribs

the sternum is the result of fusion of three bones called the:

manubrium, body, xiphoid process

which two bones constitute the forearm:

ulna and radius

the tailbone is the:

the type of joint shown in Figue 5.4 is:

a synovial joint

articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are ____, whereas articulations permitting no movement are called _____

amphiarthroses; synarthroses

the wrist bones are actually:

which of these bones is NOT a long bone found in the leg:

four of the five answers listed below are parts of the same anatomical area. select the exception

bone formation can be referred to as:

voluntary muscle tissue is:

skeletal muscle

endomysium covers:

an individual muscle cel

the type of muscle tissue pictured in Figure 6.3 is:

the plasma membrane of a skeletal muscle is called the:

smooth muscle cells are:

which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system:

which one of the following is composed of myosin protein:

thick filaments

the mechanical force of contraction is generated by:

a sliding of thin filaments past thick ones

acetylcholine is:

a neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle

neurotransmitters are released upon stimulation from a nerve impulse by the:

axon terminals of the motor neuron

during skeletal muscle contraction, myosin heads attach to active sites of:

actin filaments

a single, brief, jerky muscle contraction is termed:

anaerobic glycolysis occurs without:

the movement opposite to abduction is:

which of the following muscles closes the jaw:

both masseter and temporalis

which of these muscles is NOT located in the head:

which one of the following does NOT compress the abdomen:

latissimus dorsi

a muscle located on the ventral (anterior) side of the body is the:

pectoralis major

a nursing infant develops a powerful sucking muscle that adults also use for whistling or blowing a trumpet called the:

what is the main function of the quadriceps femoris group:

a muscle group that works with and assists the action of a prime mover is a(n):

which of the following muscles is NOT involved in dorsiflexion and/or plantar flexion of the foot:

which one of the followings the action of the obicularis oris:

closes, purses, and protrudes the lips

paralysis of which of the following would make an individual unable to flex the hip:

which one of the following muscles is involved in abduction of the arm at the shoulder joint:

while doing "jumping jacks" during an exercise class, your arms and legs move laterally away from the midline of your body. this motion is called:

which of the following muscles are antagonists:

biceps brachii and triceps brachii

which one of the following is NOT a criteria generally used in naming muscles:

method of attachment of the muscle to bone

opening within the bone

depression of the bone

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