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Ap Psychology Exam

Terms in this set (31)

Contemporary psychology is best defined as the scientific study of
behavior and mental processes
Who would be most likely to emphasize the role of the unconscious in affecting behavior?
Sigmund Freud
Humanistic psychologists focused on the importance of
healthy growth potential
Charles Darwin believed that behaviors, such as the emotional expressions associated with humans rage, could be explained by natural selection. Which early psychologist would most likely to agree with Darwin's assessment?
William James
The cognitive perspective in psychology focuses on how
people encode, process, store, and retrieve information
The distinctive feature of the psychodynamic perspective is its emphasis on
unconscious conflicts
Akira believes that her son has become a good student because she always praises his learning efforts. Her belief best illustrates a (blank) perspective.
behavioral
Dr. Kozak has concluded that the unusually low incidence of alcohol dependence among citizens of a small African country can be attributed to strong fundamentalist influences in that region. This belief illustrates an (blank) perspective.
social - cultural
The specialist most likely to have a medical degree is an
psychiatrist
The self-reflective observation of one's own sensations and feelings is called
introspection
The hindsight bias refers to people's tendency to
exaggerate their ability to have foreseen the outcome of past events
A specification of how a researcher measures a research variable is known as an
operational definition
In which research method do we study one exceptional individual in depth and try to carefully draw conclusions about others based of the evidence?
case study
Professor Ober carefully observes and records the behaviors of children in their classrooms in order to track the development of their social and intellectual skills. Professor Ober is most clearly engaged in
naturalistic observation
Which of the following correlation coefficients expresses the weakest degree of relationship between two variables?
-0.12
A research method in which an investigator manipulates factors that potentially produce a particular behavior is called an
experiment
Abdul has volunteered to participate in an experiment evaluating the effectiveness of aspirin. Neither he nor the experimenters know whether the pills he takes during the experiment contain aspirin or are merely placebos. The investigators are apparently making use of
the double-blind procedure
In the hypothesis "students who study a list of terms in the morning, just after waking up, will recall more terms that students who study the list just before falling asleep." what is the independent variable?
time of day
When Mr. Adams calculated his students algebra test scores, he noticed that two students had extremely low scores. Which measure of central tendency is affected most by the scores of these two students?
mean
An axon is
the extension of a neuron that carries messages away from cell body
The slowdown of neural communication in multiple sclerosis involves a degeneration of the
myelin sheath
The spatial junctions where impulses are chemically transmitted from one neuron to another are called
synapses
Which process does this drug prevent from taking place?
reuptake
An undersupply of serotonin is most closely linked to
depression
What are the molecules that are similar enough to a neurotransmitter to bind to its receptor sites on a dendrite and block that neurotransmitterś effects are called what?
antagonists
Molecules that are similar enough to a neurotransmitter to bind to its receptor sites on a dendrite and block that neurotransmitterś effects are called what?
antagonists
Jose has just played a long, bruising football game but feels little fatigue or discomfort. His lack of pain is most likely caused by the release of
endorphins
The body speedy, electrochemical information system is called the
nervous system
Motor neurons are an important part of the
peripheral nervous system
When Mr. Valdez thought his 1-year old daughter had fallen down the stai, his heartbeat accelerated, his blood pressure rose, and he began to perspire heavily, Mr Valdezś state of arousal was activated by his
sympathetic
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