Ch.16 practice quiz

The main, overall function of the urinary system is to ________

A. create urine
B. regulate the rate at which urine exits the body
C. eliminate excess carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide
D. balance the composition of the blood
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The main, overall function of the urinary system is to ________

A. create urine
B. regulate the rate at which urine exits the body
C. eliminate excess carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide
D. balance the composition of the blood
balance the composition of the blood
What is the function of the urinary bladder?

A. aid defecation
B. contain bacteria to fight infection
C. filter the blood
D. store urine
store urine
Once urine is formed, it leave the kidneys ________

A. through the urethra when the body is positioned to allow urine to flow downward with gravity
B. through muscle contractions in the ureters
C. through muscle contractions in the ureters
D. through your ureters when the body is positioned to allow urine to flow downward with the gravity
through muscle contractions in the ureters
What is the tuft of capillaries that brings blood to the kidneys for filtration?

A. Bowman's space
B. proximal arteriole
C. glomerular capsule
D. glomerulus
glomerulus
The fluid that eventually forms your urine comes most directly from _____

A. your large intestine
B. your small intestine
C. your blood
D. your stomach
your blood
What BEST describes a process whereby blood pressure forces water and other dissolve substances from the blood into the glomerular capsule?

A. nephritic excretion
B. tubular secretion
C. glomerular filtration
D. tubular reabsorption
glomerular filtration
Proteins are typically not found in the filtrate and your kidneys, because ________

A. the activity of tubular secretion illuminates any proteins in filtrate
B. proteins are too large to fit through the microscopic filters in your kidneys
C. the renal corpuscles actively pumps proteins out of the filtrate
D. proteins are only found attached to red blood cells, which are too big to enter the filtrate
proteins are too large to fit through the microscopic filters in your kidneys
The initial filtrate that enters your kidneys tubules most closely resembles _____

A. your blood plasma
B. whatever you most recently ate
C. your lymphatic fluid
D. whatever you most recently drank
your blood plasma
Which of the following substances initially occurs in the kidneys filtrate, but it is entirely moved back to the blood in the proximal tubule?

A. creatine
B. urea
C. proteins
D. glucose
glucose
By pumping hydrogen ions and bicarbonate into or out of the urine, kidneys can have a direct influence on ______

A. your ability to create see bum or oil secretions
B. your breathing rate
C. your speed of digestion
D. your level of insulin production
your breathing rate
To create concentrated urine, your kidneys rely on _______ A. high blood pressure in the renal corpuscle B. the failure of water to pass through the glomerular capsule C. the tendency of water to flow on its own toward high salt concentrations D. the ability to pump water molecules out of the urine and back to the bloodthe tendency of water to flow on its own toward high salt concentrationsWhat structure in the nephron is responsible for monitoring blood pressure? A. juxtaglomerular apparatus B. glomerular capsule C. glomerulus D. proximal convoluted tubulejuxtaglomerular apparatusWhich is the correct sequence of events leading to the production and release of aldosterone? A. renin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1, which is converted to angiotensin 11, which stimulates the adrenal gland to release aldosterone B. renin is converted to angiotensin 1, which is converted to angiotensin 11, which stimulates the adrenal gland to release aldosterone C. renin is converted directly to aldosterone D. Angiotensinogen is converted to renin, which is converted to aldosteronerenin converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin 1, which is converted to angiotensin 11, which stimulates the adrenal gland to release aldosteroneHow are the kidneys related to red blood cell production? A. erythropoietin is released by the kidneys B. all blood cells are produced in the kidneys C. precursor red blood cells develop in the renal medulla D. the kidneys are not related to red blood cell productionerythropoietin is released by the kidneysOne way your kidney is addressed to conserve water in the body is to ______ A. create more dilute urine B. maintain more sodium ions in the filtrate C. increase the permeability to water of collecting ducts D. decrease reabsorption of sodium in the distal tubulesincrease the permeability to water of collecting ductsWhich of the following would be symptoms of serious kidney problems? A. hypertension and water retention B. anemia and edema C. acidosis and build up of nitrogenous waste in the blood D. all of the aboveall of the aboveThe distal tubules in your kidneys would be signaled to conserve water if ______ A. the hearts chambers detect increased stretching B. blood pressure rises in the glomerulus C. blood pressure drops in the glomerulus D. the hearts chambers detect increased blood pressureblood pressure drops in the glomerulusUrination is controlled by ______ A. both voluntary and involuntary actions B. impulses from the prostate gland C. the internal urethral sphincter D. hormonesboth voluntary and involuntary actionsWhy are woman more suspectible to urinary tract infections in men? A. the urethra is shorter in men but farther from the anus B. the urethra combines with the reproductive system in men C. the urethra combines with the vagina in women D. the urethra is shorter in women and the opening is closer to the anusthe urethra is shorter in women and the opening is closer to the anus